`TypeFoldable`s can currently be visited inefficiently with an identity folder that is run only for its side effects. This creates a more efficient visitor for `TypeFoldable`s and uses it to implement `RegionEscape` and `HasProjectionTypes`, fixing cleanup issue #20298.
This is a pure refactoring.
It was recently realized that we accept defaulted type parameters everywhere, without feature gate, even though the only place that we really *intended* to accept them were on types. This PR adds a lint warning unless the "type-parameter-defaults" feature is enabled. This should eventually become a hard error.
This is a [breaking-change] in that new feature gates are required (or simply removing the defaults, which is probably a better choice as they have little effect at this time). Results of a [crater run][crater] suggest that approximately 5-15 crates are affected. I didn't do the measurement quite right so that run cannot distinguish "true" regressions from "non-root" regressions, but even the upper bound of 15 affected crates seems relatively minimal.
[crater]: https://gist.github.com/nikomatsakis/760c6a67698bd24253bf
cc @rust-lang/lang
r? @pnkfelix
Assign a default unit value to the destinations of block expressions without trailing expression,
return expressions without return value (i.e. `return;`) and conditionals without else clause.
In a straight-through read of "Syntax and Semantics," the concept of a
"reference" is used here before it is explained. Mention that and link to
the section explaining references.
In a straight-through read of "Syntax and Semantics," the first time we
meet a generic, and the first time we meet a vector, is when a Vec<T> shows
up in this example. I'm not sure that I could argue that the whole section
should appear later in the book than the ones on vectors and generics, so
instead just give the reader a brief introduction to both and a promise to
follow up later.
heap::deallocate expects a *mut u8, but here a *mut T is given as the type of the argument. This would not compile. The final code is correct, however.
Rust differs in that behavior from C: In C, the newline escapes are resolved
before anything else, and in Rust this depends on whether the backslash is
escaped itself.
A difference can be observed in the following two programs:
```c
int main()
{
printf("\\
n\n");
return 0;
}
```
```rust
fn main() {
println!("\\
n");
}
```
The first program prints two newlines, the second one prints a backslash, a
newline, the latin character n and a final newline.
I noticed the alignment was off in the error handling part of the book. This was caused because two tabs had crept into the file. I have changed these for spaces.
The motivation (other than removing boilerplate) is that this is a baby step towards a parser with error recovery.
[breaking-change] if you use any of the changed functions, you'll need to remove a try! or panictry!
This is roughly the same as my previous PR that created a dependency graph, but that:
1. The dependency graph is only optionally constructed, though this doesn't seem to make much of a difference in terms of overhead (see measurements below).
2. The dependency graph is simpler (I combined a lot of nodes).
3. The dependency graph debugging facilities are much better: you can now use `RUST_DEP_GRAPH_FILTER` to filter the dep graph to just the nodes you are interested in, which is super help.
4. The tests are somewhat more elaborate, including a few known bugs I need to fix in a second pass.
This is potentially a `[breaking-change]` for plugin authors. If you are poking about in tcx state or something like that, you probably want to add `let _ignore = tcx.dep_graph.in_ignore();`, which will cause your reads/writes to be ignored and not affect the dep-graph.
After this, or perhaps as an add-on to this PR in some cases, what I would like to do is the following:
- [x] Write-up a little guide to how to use this system, the debugging options available, and what the possible failure modes are.
- [ ] Introduce read-only and perhaps the `Meta` node
- [x] Replace "memoization tasks" with node from the map itself
- [ ] Fix the shortcomings, obviously! Notably, the HIR map needs to register reads, and there is some state that is not yet tracked. (Maybe as a separate PR.)
- [x] Refactor the dep-graph code so that the actual maintenance of the dep-graph occurs in a parallel thread, and the main thread simply throws things into a shared channel (probably a fixed-size channel). There is no reason for dep-graph construction to be on the main thread. (Maybe as a separate PR.)
Regarding performance: adding this tracking does add some overhead, approximately 2% in my measurements (I was comparing the build times for rustdoc). Interestingly, enabling or disabling tracking doesn't seem to do very much. I want to poke at this some more and gather a bit more data -- in some tests I've seen that 2% go away, but on others it comes back. It's not entirely clear to me if that 2% is truly due to constructing the dep-graph at all.
The next big step after this is write some code to dump the dep-graph to disk and reload it.
r? @michaelwoerister
