- Most functions that used to return `~[~str]` for a list of substrings got turned into iterators over `&str` slices
- Some cleanup of apis, docs and code layout
This currently requires workarounds for the borrow checker not being flow-sensitive for `LinearMap` and `TrieMap`, but it can already be expressed for `TreeMap` and `SmallIntMap` without that.
Kills some warnings, and implements str::each_char_reverse so that it actually iterates. The test case wasn't detecting a failure, since the loop body was never executed.
This is a minor step towards #3571, although I'm sure there's still more work to be done. Previously, `fmt!` collected a bunch of strings in a vector and then called `str::concat`. This changes the behavior by maintaining only one buffer and appending directly into that buffer. This avoids doubly-allocating memory, and it has the added bonus of reducing some allocations in `core::unstable::extfmt`
One of the unfortunate side effects of this is that the `rt` module in `extfmt.rs` had to be duplicated to avoid `stage0` errors. Dealing with the change in conversion functions may require a bit of a dance when a snapshot happens, but I think it's doable.
If the second speedup commit isn't deemed necessary, I got about a 15% speedup with just the first patch which doesn't require any modification of `extfmt.rs`, so no snapshot weirdness.
Here's some other things I ran into when looking at `fmt!`:
* I don't think that #2249 is relevant any more except for maybe removing one of `%i` or `%d`
* I'm not sure what was in mind for using traits with #3571, but I thought that formatters like `%u` could invoke the `to_uint()` method on the `NumCast` trait, but I ran into some problems like those in #5462
I'm having trouble thinking of other wins for `fmt!`, but if there's some suggestions I'd be more than willing to look into if they'd work out or not.
