resolve: prohibit anon const non-static lifetimes
Fixes#75323, fixes#74447 and fixes#73375.
This PR prohibits non-static lifetimes in anonymous constants when only the `min_const_generics` feature is enabled. ~~To do so, `to_region_vid`'s `bug!` had to be changed into a delayed bug, which unfortunately required providing it a `TyCtxt`.~~
---
~~While I am happy with how the implementation of the error turned out in `rustc_passes::check_const`, emitting an error wasn't sufficient to avoid hitting the ICE later. I also tried implementing the error in `rustc_mir::transform::check_consts::validation` and that worked, but it didn't silence the ICE either. To silence the ICE, I changed it to a delayed bug which worked but was more invasive that I would have liked, and required I return an incorrect lifetime. It's possible that this check should be implemented earlier in the compiler to make the invasive changes unnecessary, but I wasn't sure where that would be and wanted to get some feedback first.~~
The approach taken by this PR has been changed to implement the error in name resolution, which ended up being much simpler.
cc @rust-lang/wg-const-eval
r? @lcnr
c8eb2059da