The `each_line` function in `ReaderUtil` acts very differently to equivalent functions in Python, Ruby, Clojure etc. E.g. given a file `t` with contents `trailing\nnew line\n` and `n` containing `no trailing\nnew line`:
Rust:
```Rust
t: ~[~"trailing", ~"new line", ~""]
n: ~[~"no trailing", ~"new line"]
```
Python:
```Python
>>> open('t').readlines()
['trailing\n', 'new line\n']
>>> open('n').readlines()
['no trailing\n', 'new line']
```
Ruby:
```Ruby
irb(main):001:0> File.readlines('t')
=> ["trailing\n", "new line\n"]
irb(main):002:0> File.readlines('n')
=> ["no trailing\n", "new line"]
```
Clojure
```Clojure
user=> (read-lines "t")
("trailing" "new line")
user=> (read-lines "n")
("no trailing" "new line")
```
The extra string that rust includes at the end is inconsistent, and means that it is impossible to distinguish between the "real" empty line a file that ends `...\n\n`, and the "fake" one after the last `\n`.
The code attached makes Rust's `each_line` act like Clojure (and PHP, i.e. not including the `\n`), as well as adjusting `str::lines` to fix the trailing empty line problem.
Also, add a convenience `read_lines` method to read all the lines in a file into a vector.
Specifically, `lines` and `each_line` will not emit a trailing empty string
when given "...\n". Also, add `read_lines`, which just collects all of
`each_line` into a vector, and `split_*_no_trailing` which will is the
generalised version of `lines`.
7.3x speedup in string map search speed on a microbenchmark of pure hashmap
searching against a constant string, due to the lack of allocations.
I ran into a few snags.
1. The way the coherence check is set up, I can't implement `Equiv<@str>` and
`Equiv<~str>` for `&str` simultaneously.
2. I wanted to implement `Equiv<T>` for all `T:Eq` (i.e. every type can be
compared to itself if it implements `Eq`), but the coherence check didn't
like that either.
3. I couldn't add this to the `Map` trait because `LinearMap` needs special
handling for its `Q` type parameter: it must not only implement `Equiv<T>`
but also `Hash` and `Eq`.
4. `find_equiv(&&"foo")` doesn't parse, because of the double ampersand. It has
to be written `find_equiv(& &"foo")`. We can probably just fix this.
Nevertheless, this is a huge win; it should address a major source of
performance problems, including the one here:
http://maniagnosis.crsr.net/2013/02/creating-letterpress-cheating-program.html
This allows `TreeMap`/`TreeSet` to fully express their requirements and reduces the comparisons from ~1.5 per level to 1 which really helps for string keys.
I also added `ReverseIter` to the prelude exports because I forgot when I originally added it.
values to be copied. Rewrite kind computation so that instead of directly
computing the kind it computes what kinds of values are present in the type,
and then derive kinds based on that. I find this easier to think about.
Fixes#4821.
