Add `kernel-address` sanitizer support for freestanding targets
This PR adds support for KASan (kernel address sanitizer) instrumentation in freestanding targets. I included the minimal set of `x86_64-unknown-none`, `riscv64{imac, gc}-unknown-none-elf`, and `aarch64-unknown-none` but there's likely other targets it can be added to. (`linux_kernel_base.rs`?) KASan uses the address sanitizer attributes but has the `CompileKernel` parameter set to `true` in the pass creation.
The operators are all overridden in full for tuples, so those parts pass easily, but they're worth pinning.
Going via `Ord::cmp`, though, doesn't optimize away for anything but `cmp`+`is_le`. So this leaves `FIXME`s in the tests for the others.
Update the minimum external LLVM to 14
With this change, we'll have stable support for LLVM 14 through 16 (pending release).
For reference, the previous increase to LLVM 13 was #100460.
Improve the `array::map` codegen
The `map` method on arrays [is documented as sometimes performing poorly](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/primitive.array.html#note-on-performance-and-stack-usage), and after [a question on URLO](https://users.rust-lang.org/t/try-trait-residual-o-trait-and-try-collect-into-array/88510?u=scottmcm) prompted me to take another look at the core [`try_collect_into_array`](7c46fb2111/library/core/src/array/mod.rs (L865-L912)) function, I had some ideas that ended up working better than I'd expected.
There's three main ideas in here, split over three commits:
1. Don't use `array::IntoIter` when we can avoid it, since that seems to not get SRoA'd, meaning that every step writes things like loop counters into the stack unnecessarily
2. Don't return arrays in `Result`s unnecessarily, as that doesn't seem to optimize away even with `unwrap_unchecked` (perhaps because it needs to get moved into a new LLVM type to account for the discriminant)
3. Don't distract LLVM with all the `Option` dances when we know for sure we have enough items (like in `map` and `zip`). This one's a larger commit as to do it I ended up adding a new `pub(crate)` trait, but hopefully those changes are still straight-forward.
(No libs-api changes; everything should be completely implementation-detail-internal.)
It's still not completely fixed -- I think it needs pcwalton's `memcpy` optimizations still (#103830) to get further -- but this seems to go much better than before. And the remaining `memcpy`s are just `transmute`-equivalent (`[T; N] -> ManuallyDrop<[T; N]>` and `[MaybeUninit<T>; N] -> [T; N]`), so hopefully those will be easier to remove with LLVM16 than the previous subobject copies 🤞
r? `@thomcc`
As a simple example, this test
```rust
pub fn long_integer_map(x: [u32; 64]) -> [u32; 64] {
x.map(|x| 13 * x + 7)
}
```
On nightly <https://rust.godbolt.org/z/xK7548TGj> takes `sub rsp, 808`
```llvm
start:
%array.i.i.i.i = alloca [64 x i32], align 4
%_3.sroa.5.i.i.i = alloca [65 x i32], align 4
%_5.i = alloca %"core::iter::adapters::map::Map<core::array::iter::IntoIter<u32, 64>, [closure@/app/example.rs:2:11: 2:14]>", align 8
```
(and yes, that's a 6**5**-element array `alloca` despite 6**4**-element input and output)
But with this PR it's only `sub rsp, 520`
```llvm
start:
%array.i.i.i.i.i.i = alloca [64 x i32], align 4
%array1.i.i.i = alloca %"core::mem::manually_drop::ManuallyDrop<[u32; 64]>", align 4
```
Similarly, the loop it emits on nightly is scalar-only and horrifying
```nasm
.LBB0_1:
mov esi, 64
mov edi, 0
cmp rdx, 64
je .LBB0_3
lea rsi, [rdx + 1]
mov qword ptr [rsp + 784], rsi
mov r8d, dword ptr [rsp + 4*rdx + 528]
mov edi, 1
lea edx, [r8 + 2*r8]
lea r8d, [r8 + 4*rdx]
add r8d, 7
.LBB0_3:
test edi, edi
je .LBB0_11
mov dword ptr [rsp + 4*rcx + 272], r8d
cmp rsi, 64
jne .LBB0_6
xor r8d, r8d
mov edx, 64
test r8d, r8d
jne .LBB0_8
jmp .LBB0_11
.LBB0_6:
lea rdx, [rsi + 1]
mov qword ptr [rsp + 784], rdx
mov edi, dword ptr [rsp + 4*rsi + 528]
mov r8d, 1
lea esi, [rdi + 2*rdi]
lea edi, [rdi + 4*rsi]
add edi, 7
test r8d, r8d
je .LBB0_11
.LBB0_8:
mov dword ptr [rsp + 4*rcx + 276], edi
add rcx, 2
cmp rcx, 64
jne .LBB0_1
```
whereas with this PR it's unrolled and vectorized
```nasm
vpmulld ymm1, ymm0, ymmword ptr [rsp + 64]
vpaddd ymm1, ymm1, ymm2
vmovdqu ymmword ptr [rsp + 328], ymm1
vpmulld ymm1, ymm0, ymmword ptr [rsp + 96]
vpaddd ymm1, ymm1, ymm2
vmovdqu ymmword ptr [rsp + 360], ymm1
```
(though sadly still stack-to-stack)
Now that the compiler accepts "-Z instrument-xray" option only when
targeting one of the supported targets, make sure to not run the
codegen tests where the compiler will fail.
Like with other compiletests, we don't have access to internals,
so simply hardcode a list of supported architectures here.
Let's add at least some tests to verify that this option is accepted
and produces expected LLVM attributes. More tests can be added later
with attribute support.
The code that consumes PointerKind (`adjust_for_rust_scalar` in rustc_ty_utils)
ended up using PointerKind variants to talk about Rust reference types (& and
&mut) anyway, making the old code structure quite confusing: one always had to
keep in mind which PointerKind corresponds to which type. So this changes
PointerKind to directly reflect the type.
This does not change behavior.
Don't merge vtables when full debuginfo is enabled.
This PR makes the compiler not emit the `unnamed_addr` attribute for vtables when full debuginfo is enabled, so that they don't get merged even if they have the same contents. This allows debuggers to more reliably map from a dyn pointer to the self-type of a trait object by looking at the vtable's debuginfo.
The PR only changes the behavior of the LLVM backend as other backends don't emit vtable debuginfo (as far as I can tell).
The performance impact of this change should be small as [measured](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/103514#issuecomment-1290833854) in a previous PR.
...and remove it from `PointeeInfo`, which isn't meant for this.
There are still various places (marked with FIXMEs) that assume all pointers
have the same size and alignment. Fixing this requires parsing non-default
address spaces in the data layout string, which will be done in a followup.
Implement `alloc::vec::IsZero` for `Option<$NUM>` types
Fixes#106911
Mirrors the `NonZero$NUM` implementations with an additional `assert_zero_valid`.
`None::<i32>` doesn't stricly satisfy `IsZero` but for the purpose of allocating we can produce more efficient codegen.
Previously, it was only put on scalars with range validity invariants
like bool, was uninit was obviously invalid for those.
Since then, we have normatively declared all uninit primitives to be
undefined behavior and can therefore put `noundef` on them.
The remaining concern was the `mem::uninitialized` function, which cause
quite a lot of UB in the older parts of the ecosystem. This function now
doesn't return uninit values anymore, making users of it safe from this
change.
The only real sources of UB where people could encounter uninit
primitives are `MaybeUninit::uninit().assume_init()`, which has always
be clear in the docs about being UB and from heap allocations (like
reading from the spare capacity of a vec. This is hopefully rare enough
to not break anything.
