This commit alters the behavior of the `Read::read_to_end()` method to zero all
memory instead of passing an uninitialized buffer to `read`. This change is
motivated by the [discussion on the internals forum][discuss] where the
conclusion has been that the standard library will not expose uninitialized
memory.
[discuss]: http://internals.rust-lang.org/t/uninitialized-memory/1652Closes#20314
I assume since both shifts say the same thing, I should fix both of them, but then I realized I don't strictly know about left shift.
Fixes#23421
r? @pnkfelix
There have been some recent panics on the bots and this commit is an attempt to
appease them. Previously it was considered invalid to run `rt::at_exit` after
the handlers had already started running. Due to the multithreaded nature of
applications, however, it is not always possible to guarantee this. For example
[this program][ex] will show off the abort.
[ex]: https://gist.github.com/alexcrichton/56300b87af6fa554e52d
The semantics of the `rt::at_exit` function have been modified as such:
* It is now legal to call `rt::at_exit` at any time. The return value now
indicates whether the closure was successfully registered or not. Callers must
now decide what to do with this information.
* The `rt::at_exit` handlers will now be run for a fixed number of iterations.
Common cases (such as the example shown) may end up registering a new handler
while others are running perhaps once or twice, so this common condition is
covered by re-running the handlers a fixed number of times, after which new
registrations are forbidden.
Some usage of `rt::at_exit` was updated to handle these new semantics, but
deprecated or unstable libraries calling `rt::at_exit` were not updated.
The primary motivation here is to sidestep #19032 -- for a time, I thought that we should improve coherence or otherwise extend the language, but I now think that any such changes will require more time to bake. In the meantime, inheritance amongst the fn traits is both logically correct *and* a simple solution to that obstacle. This change introduces inheritance and modifies the compiler so that it can properly generate impls for closures and fns.
Things enabled by this PR (but not included in this PR):
1. An impl of `FnMut` for `&mut F` where `F : FnMut` (https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/23015).
2. A better version of `Thunk` I've been calling `FnBox`.
I did not include either of these in the PR because:
1. Adding the impls in 1 currently induces a coherence conflict with the pattern trait. This is interesting and merits some discussion.
2. `FnBox` deserves to be a PR of its own.
The main downside to this design is (a) the need to write impls by hand; (b) the possibility of implementing `FnMut` with different semantics from `Fn`, etc. Point (a) is minor -- in particular, it does not affect normal closure usage -- and could be addressed in the future in many ways (better defaults; convenient macros; specialization; etc). Point (b) is unfortunate but "just a bug" from my POV, and certainly not unique to these traits (c.f. Copy/Clone, PartialEq/Eq, etc). (Until we lift the feature-gate on implementing the Fn traits, in any case, there is room to correct both of these if we find a nice way.)
Note that I believe this change is reversible in the future if we decide on another course of action, due to the feature gate on implementing the `Fn` traits, though I do not (currently) think we should reverse it.
Fixes#18835.
r? @nrc
This permits all coercions to be performed in casts, but adds lints to warn in those cases.
Part of this patch moves cast checking to a later stage of type checking. We acquire obligations to check casts as part of type checking where we previously checked them. Once we have type checked a function or module, then we check any cast obligations which have been acquired. That means we have more type information available to check casts (this was crucial to making coercions work properly in place of some casts), but it means that casts cannot feed input into type inference.
[breaking change]
* Adds two new lints for trivial casts and trivial numeric casts, these are warn by default, but can cause errors if you build with warnings as errors. Previously, trivial numeric casts and casts to trait objects were allowed.
* The unused casts lint has gone.
* Interactions between casting and type inference have changed in subtle ways. Two ways this might manifest are:
- You may need to 'direct' casts more with extra type information, for example, in some cases where `foo as _ as T` succeeded, you may now need to specify the type for `_`
- Casts do not influence inference of integer types. E.g., the following used to type check:
```
let x = 42;
let y = &x as *const u32;
```
Because the cast would inform inference that `x` must have type `u32`. This no longer applies and the compiler will fallback to `i32` for `x` and thus there will be a type error in the cast. The solution is to add more type information:
```
let x: u32 = 42;
let y = &x as *const u32;
```
This commit alters the behavior of the `Read::read_to_end()` method to zero all
memory instead of passing an uninitialized buffer to `read`. This change is
motivated by the [discussion on the internals forum][discuss] where the
conclusion has been that the standard library will not expose uninitialized
memory.
[discuss]: http://internals.rust-lang.org/t/uninitialized-memory/1652Closes#20314
This commit enables writing a stable implementation of the `Hasher` trait as
well as actually calculating the hash of a vlaue in a stable fashion. The
signature is stabilized as-is.
PR #23104 moved `is_null` and `offset` to an inherent impl on the raw pointer type.
I'm not sure whether or how it's possible to link to docs for that impl.
r? @steveklabnik
This commit marks as `#[stable]` the `Entry` types for the maps provided
by `std`. The main reason these had been left unstable previously was
uncertainty about an eventual trait design, but several plausible
designs have been proposed that all work fine with the current type definitions.
r? @Gankro
impls. This is a [breaking-change] (for gated code) in that when you
implement `Fn` (`FnMut`) you must also implement `FnOnce`. This commit
demonstrates how to fix it.
This commit marks as `#[stable]` the `Entry` types for the maps provided
by `std`. The main reason these had been left unstable previously was
uncertainty about an eventual trait design, but several plausible
designs have been proposed that all work fine with the current type definitions.
The method with which backwards compatibility was retained ended up leading to
documentation that rustdoc didn't handle well and largely ended up confusing.
This trait has proven quite useful when defining marker traits to avoid the
semi-confusing `PhantomFn` trait and it looks like it will continue to be a
useful tool for defining these traits.
