rust/src/libstd/map.rs

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//! A map type
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#[warn(deprecated_mode)];
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import io::WriterUtil;
import to_str::ToStr;
import managed::Managed;
import send_map::linear::LinearMap;
export hashmap, hashfn, eqfn, set, map, chained, hashmap, str_hash;
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export box_str_hash;
export bytes_hash, int_hash, uint_hash, set_add;
export hash_from_vec, hash_from_strs, hash_from_bytes;
export hash_from_ints, hash_from_uints;
export vec_from_set;
/**
* A function that returns a hash of a value
*
* The hash should concentrate entropy in the lower bits.
*/
type hashfn<K> = fn~(key: &K) -> uint;
type eqfn<K> = fn~(key1: &K, key2: &K) -> bool;
/// A convenience type to treat a hashmap as a set
type set<K> = hashmap<K, ()>;
type hashmap<K, V> = chained::t<K, V>;
trait map<K: copy, V: copy> {
/// Return the number of elements in the map
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fn size() -> uint;
/**
* Add a value to the map.
*
* If the map already contains a value for the specified key then the
* original value is replaced.
*
* Returns true if the key did not already exist in the map
*/
fn insert(+K, +V) -> bool;
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/// Returns true if the map contains a value for the specified key
fn contains_key(+key: K) -> bool;
/// Returns true if the map contains a value for the specified
/// key, taking the key by reference.
fn contains_key_ref(key: &K) -> bool;
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/**
* Get the value for the specified key. Fails if the key does not exist in
* the map.
*/
fn get(+key: K) -> V;
/**
* Get the value for the specified key. If the key does not exist in
* the map then returns none.
*/
fn find(+key: K) -> option<V>;
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/**
* Remove and return a value from the map. Returns true if the
* key was present in the map, otherwise false.
*/
fn remove(+key: K) -> bool;
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/// Clear the map, removing all key/value pairs.
fn clear();
/// Iterate over all the key/value pairs in the map by value
fn each(fn(+key: K, +value: V) -> bool);
/// Iterate over all the keys in the map by value
fn each_key(fn(+key: K) -> bool);
/// Iterate over all the values in the map by value
fn each_value(fn(+value: V) -> bool);
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/// Iterate over all the key/value pairs in the map by reference
fn each_ref(fn(key: &K, value: &V) -> bool);
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/// Iterate over all the keys in the map by reference
fn each_key_ref(fn(key: &K) -> bool);
/// Iterate over all the values in the map by reference
fn each_value_ref(fn(value: &V) -> bool);
}
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mod util {
type rational = {num: int, den: int}; // : int::positive(*.den);
pure fn rational_leq(x: rational, y: rational) -> bool {
// NB: Uses the fact that rationals have positive denominators WLOG:
x.num * y.den <= y.num * x.den
}
}
// FIXME (#2344): package this up and export it as a datatype usable for
// external code that doesn't want to pay the cost of a box.
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mod chained {
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export t, mk, hashmap;
const initial_capacity: uint = 32u; // 2^5
struct entry<K, V> {
hash: uint;
key: K;
value: V;
mut next: option<@entry<K, V>>;
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}
struct hashmap_<K, V> {
mut count: uint;
mut chains: ~[mut option<@entry<K,V>>];
hasher: hashfn<K>;
eqer: eqfn<K>;
}
type t<K, V> = @hashmap_<K, V>;
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enum search_result<K, V> {
not_found,
found_first(uint, @entry<K,V>),
found_after(@entry<K,V>, @entry<K,V>)
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}
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priv impl<K, V: copy> t<K, V> {
fn search_rem(k: &K, h: uint, idx: uint,
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e_root: @entry<K,V>) -> search_result<K,V> {
let mut e0 = e_root;
let mut comp = 1u; // for logging
loop {
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match copy e0.next {
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none => {
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debug!("search_tbl: absent, comp %u, hash %u, idx %u",
comp, h, idx);
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return not_found;
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}
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some(e1) => {
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comp += 1u;
if e1.hash == h && self.eqer(&e1.key, k) {
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debug!("search_tbl: present, comp %u, \
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hash %u, idx %u",
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comp, h, idx);
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return found_after(e0, e1);
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} else {
e0 = e1;
}
}
}
};
}
fn search_tbl(k: &K, h: uint) -> search_result<K,V> {
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let idx = h % vec::len(self.chains);
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match copy self.chains[idx] {
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none => {
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debug!("search_tbl: none, comp %u, hash %u, idx %u",
0u, h, idx);
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return not_found;
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}
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some(e) => {
if e.hash == h && self.eqer(&e.key, k) {
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debug!("search_tbl: present, comp %u, hash %u, idx %u",
1u, h, idx);
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return found_first(idx, e);
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} else {
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return self.search_rem(k, h, idx, e);
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}
}
}
}
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fn rehash() {
let n_old_chains = self.chains.len();
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let n_new_chains: uint = uint::next_power_of_two(n_old_chains+1u);
let new_chains = chains(n_new_chains);
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for self.each_entry |entry| {
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let idx = entry.hash % n_new_chains;
entry.next = new_chains[idx];
new_chains[idx] = some(entry);
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}
self.chains = new_chains;
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}
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fn each_entry(blk: fn(@entry<K,V>) -> bool) {
// n.b. we can't use vec::iter() here because self.chains
// is stored in a mutable location.
let mut i = 0u, n = self.chains.len();
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while i < n {
let mut chain = self.chains[i];
loop {
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chain = match chain {
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none => break,
some(entry) => {
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let next = entry.next;
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if !blk(entry) { return; }
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next
}
}
}
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i += 1u;
}
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}
}
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impl<K: copy, V: copy> t<K, V>: map<K, V> {
fn size() -> uint { self.count }
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fn contains_key(+k: K) -> bool {
self.contains_key_ref(&k)
}
fn contains_key_ref(k: &K) -> bool {
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let hash = self.hasher(k);
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match self.search_tbl(k, hash) {
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not_found => false,
found_first(*) | found_after(*) => true
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}
}
fn insert(+k: K, +v: V) -> bool {
let hash = self.hasher(&k);
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match self.search_tbl(&k, hash) {
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not_found => {
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self.count += 1u;
let idx = hash % vec::len(self.chains);
let old_chain = self.chains[idx];
self.chains[idx] = some(@entry {
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hash: hash,
key: k,
value: v,
next: old_chain});
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// consider rehashing if more 3/4 full
let nchains = vec::len(self.chains);
let load = {num: (self.count + 1u) as int,
den: nchains as int};
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if !util::rational_leq(load, {num:3, den:4}) {
self.rehash();
}
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return true;
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}
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found_first(idx, entry) => {
self.chains[idx] = some(@entry {
hash: hash,
key: k,
value: v,
next: entry.next});
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return false;
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}
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found_after(prev, entry) => {
prev.next = some(@entry {
hash: hash,
key: k,
value: v,
next: entry.next});
return false;
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}
}
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}
fn find(+k: K) -> option<V> {
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match self.search_tbl(&k, self.hasher(&k)) {
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not_found => none,
found_first(_, entry) => some(entry.value),
found_after(_, entry) => some(entry.value)
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}
}
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fn get(+k: K) -> V {
let opt_v = self.find(k);
if opt_v.is_none() {
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fail fmt!("Key not found in table: %?", k);
}
option::unwrap(opt_v)
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}
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fn remove(+k: K) -> bool {
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match self.search_tbl(&k, self.hasher(&k)) {
not_found => false,
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found_first(idx, entry) => {
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self.count -= 1u;
self.chains[idx] = entry.next;
true
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}
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found_after(eprev, entry) => {
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self.count -= 1u;
eprev.next = entry.next;
true
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}
}
}
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fn clear() {
self.count = 0u;
self.chains = chains(initial_capacity);
}
fn each(blk: fn(+key: K, +value: V) -> bool) {
self.each_ref(|k, v| blk(*k, *v))
}
fn each_key(blk: fn(+key: K) -> bool) {
self.each_key_ref(|p| blk(*p))
}
fn each_value(blk: fn(+value: V) -> bool) {
self.each_value_ref(|p| blk(*p))
}
fn each_ref(blk: fn(key: &K, value: &V) -> bool) {
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for self.each_entry |entry| {
if !blk(&entry.key, &entry.value) { break; }
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}
}
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fn each_key_ref(blk: fn(key: &K) -> bool) {
self.each_ref(|k, _v| blk(k))
}
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fn each_value_ref(blk: fn(value: &V) -> bool) {
self.each_ref(|_k, v| blk(v))
}
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}
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impl<K: copy ToStr, V: ToStr copy> t<K, V>: ToStr {
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fn to_writer(wr: io::Writer) {
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if self.count == 0u {
wr.write_str(~"{}");
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return;
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}
wr.write_str(~"{ ");
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let mut first = true;
for self.each_entry |entry| {
if !first {
wr.write_str(~", ");
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}
first = false;
wr.write_str(entry.key.to_str());
wr.write_str(~": ");
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wr.write_str((copy entry.value).to_str());
};
wr.write_str(~" }");
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}
fn to_str() -> ~str {
do io::with_str_writer |wr| { self.to_writer(wr) }
}
}
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impl<K: copy, V: copy> t<K, V>: ops::index<K, V> {
pure fn index(&&k: K) -> V {
unchecked {
self.get(k)
}
}
}
fn chains<K,V>(nchains: uint) -> ~[mut option<@entry<K,V>>] {
vec::to_mut(vec::from_elem(nchains, none))
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}
fn mk<K, V: copy>(+hasher: hashfn<K>, +eqer: eqfn<K>) -> t<K,V> {
let slf: t<K, V> = @hashmap_ {count: 0u,
chains: chains(initial_capacity),
hasher: hasher,
eqer: eqer};
slf
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}
}
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/*
Function: hashmap
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Construct a hashmap.
Parameters:
hasher - The hash function for key type K
eqer - The equality function for key type K
*/
fn hashmap<K: const, V: copy>(+hasher: hashfn<K>, +eqer: eqfn<K>)
-> hashmap<K, V> {
chained::mk(hasher, eqer)
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}
/// Construct a hashmap for string-slice keys
fn str_slice_hash<V: copy>() -> hashmap<&str, V> {
return hashmap(|s| hash::hash_str(*s) as uint,
|a,b| str::eq_slice(*a, *b));
}
/// Construct a hashmap for string keys
fn str_hash<V: copy>() -> hashmap<~str, V> {
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return hashmap(str::hash, str::eq);
}
/// Construct a hashmap for boxed string keys
fn box_str_hash<V: copy>() -> hashmap<@~str, V> {
hashmap(|x: &@~str| str::hash(&**x),
|x: &@~str, y: &@~str| str::eq(&**x, &**y))
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}
/// Construct a hashmap for byte string keys
fn bytes_hash<V: copy>() -> hashmap<~[u8], V> {
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return hashmap(vec::u8::hash, vec::u8::eq);
}
/// Construct a hashmap for int keys
fn int_hash<V: copy>() -> hashmap<int, V> {
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return hashmap(int::hash, int::eq);
}
/// Construct a hashmap for uint keys
fn uint_hash<V: copy>() -> hashmap<uint, V> {
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return hashmap(uint::hash, uint::eq);
}
/// Convenience function for adding keys to a hashmap with nil type keys
fn set_add<K: const copy>(set: set<K>, +key: K) -> bool {
set.insert(key, ())
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}
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/// Convert a set into a vector.
fn vec_from_set<T: copy>(s: set<T>) -> ~[T] {
let mut v = ~[];
vec::reserve(v, s.size());
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do s.each_key() |k| {
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vec::push(v, k);
true
};
v
}
/// Construct a hashmap from a vector
fn hash_from_vec<K: const copy, V: copy>(+hasher: hashfn<K>, +eqer: eqfn<K>,
items: &[(K, V)]) -> hashmap<K, V> {
let map = hashmap(hasher, eqer);
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do vec::iter(items) |item| {
let (key, value) = item;
map.insert(key, value);
}
map
}
/// Construct a hashmap from a vector with string keys
fn hash_from_strs<V: copy>(items: &[(~str, V)]) -> hashmap<~str, V> {
hash_from_vec(str::hash, str::eq, items)
}
/// Construct a hashmap from a vector with byte keys
fn hash_from_bytes<V: copy>(items: &[(~[u8], V)]) -> hashmap<~[u8], V> {
hash_from_vec(vec::u8::hash, vec::u8::eq, items)
}
/// Construct a hashmap from a vector with int keys
fn hash_from_ints<V: copy>(items: &[(int, V)]) -> hashmap<int, V> {
hash_from_vec(int::hash, int::eq, items)
}
/// Construct a hashmap from a vector with uint keys
fn hash_from_uints<V: copy>(items: &[(uint, V)]) -> hashmap<uint, V> {
hash_from_vec(uint::hash, uint::eq, items)
}
// XXX Transitionary
impl<K: copy, V: copy> Managed<LinearMap<K, V>>: map<K, V> {
fn size() -> uint {
do self.borrow_const |p| {
p.len()
}
}
fn insert(+key: K, +value: V) -> bool {
do self.borrow_mut |p| {
p.insert(key, value)
}
}
fn contains_key(+key: K) -> bool {
do self.borrow_const |p| {
p.contains_key(&key)
}
}
fn contains_key_ref(key: &K) -> bool {
do self.borrow_const |p| {
p.contains_key(key)
}
}
fn get(+key: K) -> V {
do self.borrow_const |p| {
p.get(&key)
}
}
fn find(+key: K) -> option<V> {
do self.borrow_const |p| {
p.find(&key)
}
}
fn remove(+key: K) -> bool {
do self.borrow_mut |p| {
p.remove(&key)
}
}
fn clear() {
do self.borrow_mut |p| {
p.clear()
}
}
fn each(op: fn(+key: K, +value: V) -> bool) {
do self.borrow_imm |p| {
p.each(op)
}
}
fn each_key(op: fn(+key: K) -> bool) {
do self.borrow_imm |p| {
p.each_key(op)
}
}
fn each_value(op: fn(+value: V) -> bool) {
do self.borrow_imm |p| {
p.each_value(op)
}
}
fn each_ref(op: fn(key: &K, value: &V) -> bool) {
do self.borrow_imm |p| {
p.each_ref(op)
}
}
fn each_key_ref(op: fn(key: &K) -> bool) {
do self.borrow_imm |p| {
p.each_key_ref(op)
}
}
fn each_value_ref(op: fn(value: &V) -> bool) {
do self.borrow_imm |p| {
p.each_value_ref(op)
}
}
}
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#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
#[test]
fn test_simple() {
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debug!("*** starting test_simple");
pure fn eq_uint(x: &uint, y: &uint) -> bool { *x == *y }
pure fn uint_id(x: &uint) -> uint { *x }
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let hasher_uint: map::hashfn<uint> = uint_id;
let eqer_uint: map::eqfn<uint> = eq_uint;
let hasher_str: map::hashfn<~str> = str::hash;
let eqer_str: map::eqfn<~str> = str::eq;
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debug!("uint -> uint");
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let hm_uu: map::hashmap<uint, uint> =
map::hashmap::<uint, uint>(copy hasher_uint, copy eqer_uint);
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assert (hm_uu.insert(10u, 12u));
assert (hm_uu.insert(11u, 13u));
assert (hm_uu.insert(12u, 14u));
assert (hm_uu.get(11u) == 13u);
assert (hm_uu.get(12u) == 14u);
assert (hm_uu.get(10u) == 12u);
assert (!hm_uu.insert(12u, 14u));
assert (hm_uu.get(12u) == 14u);
assert (!hm_uu.insert(12u, 12u));
assert (hm_uu.get(12u) == 12u);
let ten: ~str = ~"ten";
let eleven: ~str = ~"eleven";
let twelve: ~str = ~"twelve";
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debug!("str -> uint");
let hm_su: map::hashmap<~str, uint> =
map::hashmap::<~str, uint>(copy hasher_str, copy eqer_str);
assert (hm_su.insert(~"ten", 12u));
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assert (hm_su.insert(eleven, 13u));
assert (hm_su.insert(~"twelve", 14u));
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assert (hm_su.get(eleven) == 13u);
assert (hm_su.get(~"eleven") == 13u);
assert (hm_su.get(~"twelve") == 14u);
assert (hm_su.get(~"ten") == 12u);
assert (!hm_su.insert(~"twelve", 14u));
assert (hm_su.get(~"twelve") == 14u);
assert (!hm_su.insert(~"twelve", 12u));
assert (hm_su.get(~"twelve") == 12u);
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debug!("uint -> str");
let hm_us: map::hashmap<uint, ~str> =
map::hashmap::<uint, ~str>(copy hasher_uint, copy eqer_uint);
assert (hm_us.insert(10u, ~"twelve"));
assert (hm_us.insert(11u, ~"thirteen"));
assert (hm_us.insert(12u, ~"fourteen"));
assert hm_us.get(11u) == ~"thirteen";
assert hm_us.get(12u) == ~"fourteen";
assert hm_us.get(10u) == ~"twelve";
assert (!hm_us.insert(12u, ~"fourteen"));
assert hm_us.get(12u) == ~"fourteen";
assert (!hm_us.insert(12u, ~"twelve"));
assert hm_us.get(12u) == ~"twelve";
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debug!("str -> str");
let hm_ss: map::hashmap<~str, ~str> =
map::hashmap::<~str, ~str>(copy hasher_str, copy eqer_str);
assert (hm_ss.insert(ten, ~"twelve"));
assert (hm_ss.insert(eleven, ~"thirteen"));
assert (hm_ss.insert(twelve, ~"fourteen"));
assert hm_ss.get(~"eleven") == ~"thirteen";
assert hm_ss.get(~"twelve") == ~"fourteen";
assert hm_ss.get(~"ten") == ~"twelve";
assert (!hm_ss.insert(~"twelve", ~"fourteen"));
assert hm_ss.get(~"twelve") == ~"fourteen";
assert (!hm_ss.insert(~"twelve", ~"twelve"));
assert hm_ss.get(~"twelve") == ~"twelve";
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debug!("*** finished test_simple");
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}
/**
* Force map growth
*/
#[test]
fn test_growth() {
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debug!("*** starting test_growth");
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let num_to_insert: uint = 64u;
pure fn eq_uint(x: &uint, y: &uint) -> bool { *x == *y }
pure fn uint_id(x: &uint) -> uint { *x }
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debug!("uint -> uint");
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let hasher_uint: map::hashfn<uint> = uint_id;
let eqer_uint: map::eqfn<uint> = eq_uint;
let hm_uu: map::hashmap<uint, uint> =
map::hashmap::<uint, uint>(hasher_uint, eqer_uint);
let mut i: uint = 0u;
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while i < num_to_insert {
assert (hm_uu.insert(i, i * i));
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debug!("inserting %u -> %u", i, i*i);
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i += 1u;
}
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debug!("-----");
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i = 0u;
while i < num_to_insert {
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debug!("get(%u) = %u", i, hm_uu.get(i));
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assert (hm_uu.get(i) == i * i);
i += 1u;
}
assert (hm_uu.insert(num_to_insert, 17u));
assert (hm_uu.get(num_to_insert) == 17u);
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debug!("-----");
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i = 0u;
while i < num_to_insert {
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debug!("get(%u) = %u", i, hm_uu.get(i));
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assert (hm_uu.get(i) == i * i);
i += 1u;
}
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debug!("str -> str");
let hasher_str: map::hashfn<~str> = str::hash;
let eqer_str: map::eqfn<~str> = str::eq;
let hm_ss: map::hashmap<~str, ~str> =
map::hashmap::<~str, ~str>(hasher_str, eqer_str);
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i = 0u;
while i < num_to_insert {
assert hm_ss.insert(uint::to_str(i, 2u), uint::to_str(i * i, 2u));
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debug!("inserting \"%s\" -> \"%s\"",
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uint::to_str(i, 2u),
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uint::to_str(i*i, 2u));
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i += 1u;
}
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debug!("-----");
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i = 0u;
while i < num_to_insert {
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debug!("get(\"%s\") = \"%s\"",
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uint::to_str(i, 2u),
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hm_ss.get(uint::to_str(i, 2u)));
assert hm_ss.get(uint::to_str(i, 2u)) == uint::to_str(i * i, 2u);
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i += 1u;
}
assert (hm_ss.insert(uint::to_str(num_to_insert, 2u),
uint::to_str(17u, 2u)));
assert hm_ss.get(uint::to_str(num_to_insert, 2u)) ==
uint::to_str(17u, 2u);
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debug!("-----");
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i = 0u;
while i < num_to_insert {
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debug!("get(\"%s\") = \"%s\"",
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uint::to_str(i, 2u),
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hm_ss.get(uint::to_str(i, 2u)));
assert hm_ss.get(uint::to_str(i, 2u)) == uint::to_str(i * i, 2u);
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i += 1u;
}
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debug!("*** finished test_growth");
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}
#[test]
fn test_removal() {
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debug!("*** starting test_removal");
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let num_to_insert: uint = 64u;
fn eq(x: &uint, y: &uint) -> bool { *x == *y }
fn hash(u: &uint) -> uint {
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// This hash function intentionally causes collisions between
// consecutive integer pairs.
*u / 2u * 2u
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}
assert (hash(&0u) == hash(&1u));
assert (hash(&2u) == hash(&3u));
assert (hash(&0u) != hash(&2u));
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let hasher: map::hashfn<uint> = hash;
let eqer: map::eqfn<uint> = eq;
let hm: map::hashmap<uint, uint> =
map::hashmap::<uint, uint>(hasher, eqer);
let mut i: uint = 0u;
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while i < num_to_insert {
assert (hm.insert(i, i * i));
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debug!("inserting %u -> %u", i, i*i);
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i += 1u;
}
assert (hm.size() == num_to_insert);
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debug!("-----");
debug!("removing evens");
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i = 0u;
while i < num_to_insert {
let v = hm.remove(i);
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assert v;
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i += 2u;
}
assert (hm.size() == num_to_insert / 2u);
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debug!("-----");
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i = 1u;
while i < num_to_insert {
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debug!("get(%u) = %u", i, hm.get(i));
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assert (hm.get(i) == i * i);
i += 2u;
}
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debug!("-----");
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i = 1u;
while i < num_to_insert {
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debug!("get(%u) = %u", i, hm.get(i));
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assert (hm.get(i) == i * i);
i += 2u;
}
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debug!("-----");
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i = 0u;
while i < num_to_insert {
assert (hm.insert(i, i * i));
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debug!("inserting %u -> %u", i, i*i);
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i += 2u;
}
assert (hm.size() == num_to_insert);
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debug!("-----");
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i = 0u;
while i < num_to_insert {
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debug!("get(%u) = %u", i, hm.get(i));
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assert (hm.get(i) == i * i);
i += 1u;
}
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debug!("-----");
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assert (hm.size() == num_to_insert);
i = 0u;
while i < num_to_insert {
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debug!("get(%u) = %u", i, hm.get(i));
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assert (hm.get(i) == i * i);
i += 1u;
}
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debug!("*** finished test_removal");
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}
#[test]
fn test_contains_key() {
let key = ~"k";
let map = map::hashmap::<~str, ~str>(str::hash, str::eq);
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assert (!map.contains_key(key));
map.insert(key, ~"val");
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assert (map.contains_key(key));
}
#[test]
fn test_find() {
let key = ~"k";
let map = map::hashmap::<~str, ~str>(str::hash, str::eq);
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assert (option::is_none(map.find(key)));
map.insert(key, ~"val");
assert (option::get(map.find(key)) == ~"val");
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}
#[test]
fn test_clear() {
let key = ~"k";
let map = map::hashmap::<~str, ~str>(str::hash, str::eq);
map.insert(key, ~"val");
assert (map.size() == 1);
assert (map.contains_key(key));
map.clear();
assert (map.size() == 0);
assert (!map.contains_key(key));
}
#[test]
fn test_hash_from_vec() {
let map = map::hash_from_strs(~[
(~"a", 1),
(~"b", 2),
(~"c", 3)
]);
assert map.size() == 3u;
assert map.get(~"a") == 1;
assert map.get(~"b") == 2;
assert map.get(~"c") == 3;
}
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}