Implement support for DWARF version 5.
DWARF version 5 brings a number of improvements over version 4. Quoting from
the announcement [1]:
> Version 5 incorporates improvements in many areas: better data compression,
> separation of debugging data from executable files, improved description of
> macros and source files, faster searching for symbols, improved debugging
> optimized code, as well as numerous improvements in functionality and
> performance.
On platforms where DWARF version 5 is supported (Linux, primarily), this commit
adds support for it behind a new `-Z dwarf-version=5` flag.
[1]: https://dwarfstd.org/Public_Review.php
r? ``@michaelwoerister``
fd4f11dd76