[libs] Simplify `unchecked_{shl,shr}`
There's no need for the `const_eval_select` dance here. And while I originally wrote the `.try_into().unwrap_unchecked()` implementation here, it's kinda a mess in MIR -- this new one is substantially simpler, as shown by the old one being above the inlining threshold but the new one being below it in the `mir-opt/inline/unchecked_shifts` tests.
We don't need `u32::checked_shl` doing a dance through both `Result` *and* `Option` 🙃
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