resolve: record pattern def when `resolve_pattern` returns `Err(true)`
I propose a fix for issue #33293.
In 1a374b8, (pr #33046) fixed the error reporting of a specific case, but the change that was introduced did not make sure that `record_def` was called in all cases, which lead to an ICE in [1].
This change restores the original `else` case, but keeps the changes that were committed in 1a374b8.
[1] `rustc::middle::mem_categorization::MemCategorizationContext::cat_pattern_`