Return nested obligations from canonical response var unification
Handle alias-eq obligations being emitted from `instantiate_and_apply_query_response` in:
* `EvalCtxt` - by processing the nested obligations in the next loop by `new_goals`
* `FulfillCtxt` - by adding the nested obligations to the fulfillment's pending obligations
* `InferCtxt::evaluate_obligation` - ~~by returning `EvaluationResult::EvaluatedToAmbig` (boo 👎, see the FIXME)~~ same behavior as above, since we use fulfillment and `select_where_possible`
The only one that's truly sketchy is `evaluate_obligation`, but it's not hard to modify this behavior moving forward.
From #109037, I think a smaller repro could be crafted if I were smarter, but I am not, so I just took this from #105878.
r? `@lcnr` cc `@BoxyUwU`
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