Retry failed macro matching for diagnostics
When a declarative macro fails to match, retry the matching to collect diagnostic info instead of collecting it on the fly in the hot path. Split out of #103439.
You made a bunch of changes to declarative macro matching, so
r? `@nnethercote`
This change should produce a few small perf wins: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/103439#issuecomment-1294249602
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