Fix bugs in Peekable and Flatten when using non-fused iterators
I fixed a couple of bugs with regard to the `Peekable` and `Flatten`/`FlatMap` iterators when the underlying iterator isn't fused. For testing, I also added a `NonFused` iterator wrapper that panics when `next` or `next_back` is called on an iterator that has returned `None` before, which will hopefully make it easier to spot these mistakes in the future.
### Peekable
`Peekable::next_back` was implemented as
```rust
self.iter.next_back().or_else(|| self.peeked.take().and_then(|x| x))
```
which is incorrect because when the `peeked` field is `Some(None)`, then `None` has already been returned from the inner iterator and what it returns from `next_back` can no longer be relied upon. `test_peekable_non_fused` tests this.
### Flatten
When a `FlattenCompat` instance only has a `backiter` remaining (i.e. `self.frontiter` is `None` and `self.iter` is empty), then `next` will call `self.iter.next()` every time, so the `iter` field needs to be fused. I fixed it by giving it the type `Fuse<I>` instead of `I`, I think this is the only way to fix it. `test_flatten_non_fused_outer` tests this.
Furthermore, previously `FlattenCompat::next` did not set `self.frontiter` to `None` after it returned `None`, which is incorrect when the inner iterator type isn't fused. I just delegated it to `try_fold` because that already handles it correctly. `test_flatten_non_fused_inner` tests this.
r? @scottmcm
d939f708d9