This refactors handling of `Rvalue::{Unary,Binary}Op` in the
const-checker. Now we `span_bug` if there's an unexpected type in a
primitive operation. This also allows unary negation on
`char` values through the const-checker because it makes the code a bit
cleaner. `char` does not actually support these operations, and if it
did, we could evaluate them at compile-time.