Relax priv-in-pub lint on generic bounds and where clauses of trait impls.
The priv-in-pub lint is a legacy mechanism of the compiler, supplanted by a reachability-based [type privacy](https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/2145-type-privacy.md) analysis. This PR does **not** relax type privacy; it only relaxes the lint (as proposed by the type privacy RFC) in the case of trait impls.
## Current Behavior
On public trait impls, it's currently an **error** to have a `where` bound constraining a private type with a trait:
```rust
pub trait Trait {}
pub struct Type {}
struct Priv {}
impl Trait for Priv {}
impl Trait for Type
where
Priv: Trait // ERROR
{}
```
...and it's a **warning** to have have a public type constrained by a private trait:
```rust
pub trait Trait {}
pub struct Type {}
pub struct Pub {}
trait Priv {}
impl Priv for Pub {}
impl Trait for Type
where
Pub: Priv // WARNING
{}
```
This lint applies to `where` clauses in other contexts, too; e.g. on free functions:
```rust
struct Priv<T>(T);
pub trait Pub {}
impl<T: Pub> Pub for Priv<T> {}
pub fn function<T>()
where
Priv<T>: Pub // WARNING
{}
```
**These constraints could be relaxed without issue.**
## New Behavior
This lint is relaxed for `where` clauses on trait impls, such that it's okay to have a `where` bound constraining a private type with a trait:
```rust
pub trait Trait {}
pub struct Type {}
struct Priv {}
impl Trait for Priv {}
impl Trait for Type
where
Priv: Trait // OK
{}
```
...and it's okay to have a public type constrained by a private trait:
```rust
pub trait Trait {}
pub struct Type {}
pub struct Pub {}
trait Priv {}
impl Priv for Pub {}
impl Trait for Type
where
Pub: Priv // OK
{}
```
## Rationale
While the priv-in-pub lint is not essential for soundness, it *can* help programmers avoid pitfalls that would make their libraries difficult to use by others. For instance, such a lint *is* useful for free functions; e.g. if a downstream crate tries to call the `function` in the previous snippet in a generic context:
```rust
fn callsite<T>()
where
Priv<T>: Pub // ERROR: omitting this bound is a compile error, but including it is too
{
function::<T>()
}
```
...it cannot do so without repeating `function`'s `where` bound, which we cannot do because `Priv` is out-of-scope. A lint for this case is arguably helpful.
However, this same reasoning **doesn't** hold for trait impls. To call an unconstrained method on a public trait impl with private bounds, you don't need to forward those private bounds, you can forward the public trait:
```rust
mod upstream {
pub trait Trait {
fn method(&self) {}
}
pub struct Type<T>(T);
pub struct Pub<T>(T);
trait Priv {}
impl<T: Priv> Priv for Pub<T> {}
impl<T> Trait for Type<T>
where
Pub<T>: Priv // WARNING
{}
}
mod downstream {
use super::upstream::*;
fn function<T>(value: Type<T>)
where
Type<T>: Trait // <- no private deets!
{
value.method();
}
}
```
**This PR only eliminates the lint on trait impls.** It leaves it intact for all other contexts, including trait definitions, inherent impls, and function definitions. It doesn't need to exist in those cases either, but I figured I'd first target a case where it's mostly pointless.
## Other Notes
- See discussion [on zulip](https://rust-lang.zulipchat.com/#narrow/stream/213817-t-lang/topic/relax.20priv-in-pub.20lint.20for.20trait.20impl.20.60where.60.20bounds/near/222458397).
- This PR effectively reverts #79291.
b57a6b38c5