698 lines
23 KiB
Rust
698 lines
23 KiB
Rust
// Copyright 2014 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
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// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
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// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
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//
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// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
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// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
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// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
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// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
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// except according to those terms.
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/// Entry point of thread panic, for details, see std::macros
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#[macro_export]
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#[allow_internal_unstable]
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#[stable(feature = "core", since = "1.6.0")]
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macro_rules! panic {
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() => (
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panic!("explicit panic")
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);
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($msg:expr) => ({
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static _MSG_FILE_LINE: (&'static str, &'static str, u32) = ($msg, file!(), line!());
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$crate::panicking::panic(&_MSG_FILE_LINE)
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});
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($fmt:expr, $($arg:tt)*) => ({
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// The leading _'s are to avoid dead code warnings if this is
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// used inside a dead function. Just `#[allow(dead_code)]` is
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// insufficient, since the user may have
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// `#[forbid(dead_code)]` and which cannot be overridden.
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static _FILE_LINE: (&'static str, u32) = (file!(), line!());
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$crate::panicking::panic_fmt(format_args!($fmt, $($arg)*), &_FILE_LINE)
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});
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}
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/// Ensure that a boolean expression is `true` at runtime.
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///
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/// This will invoke the `panic!` macro if the provided expression cannot be
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/// evaluated to `true` at runtime.
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///
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/// Assertions are always checked in both debug and release builds, and cannot
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/// be disabled. See `debug_assert!` for assertions that are not enabled in
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/// release builds by default.
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///
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/// Unsafe code relies on `assert!` to enforce run-time invariants that, if
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/// violated could lead to unsafety.
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///
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/// Other use-cases of `assert!` include [testing] and enforcing run-time
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/// invariants in safe code (whose violation cannot result in unsafety).
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///
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/// This macro has a second version, where a custom panic message can be provided.
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///
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/// [testing]: ../book/testing.html
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///
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/// # Examples
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///
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/// ```
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/// // the panic message for these assertions is the stringified value of the
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/// // expression given.
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/// assert!(true);
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///
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/// fn some_computation() -> bool { true } // a very simple function
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///
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/// assert!(some_computation());
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///
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/// // assert with a custom message
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/// let x = true;
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/// assert!(x, "x wasn't true!");
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///
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/// let a = 3; let b = 27;
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/// assert!(a + b == 30, "a = {}, b = {}", a, b);
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/// ```
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#[macro_export]
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#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
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macro_rules! assert {
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($cond:expr) => (
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if !$cond {
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panic!(concat!("assertion failed: ", stringify!($cond)))
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}
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);
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($cond:expr, $($arg:tt)+) => (
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if !$cond {
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panic!($($arg)+)
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}
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);
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}
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/// Asserts that two expressions are equal to each other.
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///
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/// On panic, this macro will print the values of the expressions with their
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/// debug representations.
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///
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/// # Examples
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///
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/// ```
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/// let a = 3;
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/// let b = 1 + 2;
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/// assert_eq!(a, b);
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/// ```
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#[macro_export]
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#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
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macro_rules! assert_eq {
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($left:expr , $right:expr) => ({
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match (&$left, &$right) {
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(left_val, right_val) => {
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if !(*left_val == *right_val) {
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panic!("assertion failed: `(left == right)` \
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(left: `{:?}`, right: `{:?}`)", left_val, right_val)
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}
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}
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}
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});
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($left:expr , $right:expr, $($arg:tt)*) => ({
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match (&($left), &($right)) {
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(left_val, right_val) => {
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if !(*left_val == *right_val) {
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panic!("assertion failed: `(left == right)` \
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(left: `{:?}`, right: `{:?}`): {}", left_val, right_val,
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format_args!($($arg)*))
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}
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}
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}
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});
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}
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/// Asserts that two expressions are not equal to each other.
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///
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/// On panic, this macro will print the values of the expressions with their
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/// debug representations.
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///
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/// # Examples
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///
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/// ```
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/// let a = 3;
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/// let b = 2;
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/// assert_ne!(a, b);
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/// ```
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#[macro_export]
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#[stable(feature = "assert_ne", since = "1.12.0")]
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macro_rules! assert_ne {
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($left:expr , $right:expr) => ({
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match (&$left, &$right) {
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(left_val, right_val) => {
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if *left_val == *right_val {
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panic!("assertion failed: `(left != right)` \
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(left: `{:?}`, right: `{:?}`)", left_val, right_val)
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}
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}
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}
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});
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($left:expr , $right:expr, $($arg:tt)*) => ({
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match (&($left), &($right)) {
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(left_val, right_val) => {
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if *left_val == *right_val {
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panic!("assertion failed: `(left != right)` \
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(left: `{:?}`, right: `{:?}`): {}", left_val, right_val,
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format_args!($($arg)*))
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}
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}
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}
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});
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}
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/// Ensure that a boolean expression is `true` at runtime.
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///
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/// This will invoke the `panic!` macro if the provided expression cannot be
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/// evaluated to `true` at runtime.
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///
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/// Like `assert!`, this macro also has a second version, where a custom panic
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/// message can be provided.
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///
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/// Unlike `assert!`, `debug_assert!` statements are only enabled in non
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/// optimized builds by default. An optimized build will omit all
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/// `debug_assert!` statements unless `-C debug-assertions` is passed to the
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/// compiler. This makes `debug_assert!` useful for checks that are too
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/// expensive to be present in a release build but may be helpful during
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/// development.
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///
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/// An unchecked assertion allows a program in an inconsistent state to keep
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/// running, which might have unexpected consequences but does not introduce
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/// unsafety as long as this only happens in safe code. The performance cost
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/// of assertions, is however, not measurable in general. Replacing `assert!`
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/// with `debug_assert!` is thus only encouraged after thorough profiling, and
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/// more importantly, only in safe code!
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///
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/// # Examples
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///
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/// ```
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/// // the panic message for these assertions is the stringified value of the
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/// // expression given.
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/// debug_assert!(true);
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///
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/// fn some_expensive_computation() -> bool { true } // a very simple function
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/// debug_assert!(some_expensive_computation());
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///
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/// // assert with a custom message
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/// let x = true;
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/// debug_assert!(x, "x wasn't true!");
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///
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/// let a = 3; let b = 27;
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/// debug_assert!(a + b == 30, "a = {}, b = {}", a, b);
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/// ```
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#[macro_export]
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#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
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macro_rules! debug_assert {
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($($arg:tt)*) => (if cfg!(debug_assertions) { assert!($($arg)*); })
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}
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/// Asserts that two expressions are equal to each other.
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///
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/// On panic, this macro will print the values of the expressions with their
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/// debug representations.
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///
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/// Unlike `assert_eq!`, `debug_assert_eq!` statements are only enabled in non
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/// optimized builds by default. An optimized build will omit all
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/// `debug_assert_eq!` statements unless `-C debug-assertions` is passed to the
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/// compiler. This makes `debug_assert_eq!` useful for checks that are too
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/// expensive to be present in a release build but may be helpful during
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/// development.
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///
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/// # Examples
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///
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/// ```
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/// let a = 3;
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/// let b = 1 + 2;
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/// debug_assert_eq!(a, b);
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/// ```
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#[macro_export]
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#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
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macro_rules! debug_assert_eq {
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($($arg:tt)*) => (if cfg!(debug_assertions) { assert_eq!($($arg)*); })
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}
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/// Asserts that two expressions are not equal to each other.
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///
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/// On panic, this macro will print the values of the expressions with their
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/// debug representations.
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///
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/// Unlike `assert_ne!`, `debug_assert_ne!` statements are only enabled in non
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/// optimized builds by default. An optimized build will omit all
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/// `debug_assert_ne!` statements unless `-C debug-assertions` is passed to the
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/// compiler. This makes `debug_assert_ne!` useful for checks that are too
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/// expensive to be present in a release build but may be helpful during
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/// development.
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///
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/// # Examples
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///
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/// ```
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/// let a = 3;
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/// let b = 2;
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/// debug_assert_ne!(a, b);
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/// ```
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#[macro_export]
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#[stable(feature = "assert_ne", since = "1.12.0")]
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macro_rules! debug_assert_ne {
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($($arg:tt)*) => (if cfg!(debug_assertions) { assert_ne!($($arg)*); })
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}
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/// Helper macro for reducing boilerplate code for matching `Result` together
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/// with converting downstream errors.
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///
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/// Prefer using `?` syntax to `try!`. `?` is built in to the language and is
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/// more succinct than `try!`. It is the standard method for error propagation.
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///
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/// `try!` matches the given `Result`. In case of the `Ok` variant, the
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/// expression has the value of the wrapped value.
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///
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/// In case of the `Err` variant, it retrieves the inner error. `try!` then
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/// performs conversion using `From`. This provides automatic conversion
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/// between specialized errors and more general ones. The resulting
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/// error is then immediately returned.
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///
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/// Because of the early return, `try!` can only be used in functions that
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/// return `Result`.
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///
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/// # Examples
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///
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/// ```
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/// use std::io;
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/// use std::fs::File;
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/// use std::io::prelude::*;
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///
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/// enum MyError {
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/// FileWriteError
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/// }
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///
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/// impl From<io::Error> for MyError {
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/// fn from(e: io::Error) -> MyError {
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/// MyError::FileWriteError
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/// }
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/// }
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///
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/// fn write_to_file_using_try() -> Result<(), MyError> {
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/// let mut file = try!(File::create("my_best_friends.txt"));
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/// try!(file.write_all(b"This is a list of my best friends."));
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/// println!("I wrote to the file");
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/// Ok(())
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/// }
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/// // This is equivalent to:
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/// fn write_to_file_using_match() -> Result<(), MyError> {
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/// let mut file = try!(File::create("my_best_friends.txt"));
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/// match file.write_all(b"This is a list of my best friends.") {
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/// Ok(v) => v,
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/// Err(e) => return Err(From::from(e)),
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/// }
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/// println!("I wrote to the file");
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/// Ok(())
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/// }
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/// ```
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#[macro_export]
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#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
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macro_rules! try {
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($expr:expr) => (match $expr {
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$crate::result::Result::Ok(val) => val,
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$crate::result::Result::Err(err) => {
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return $crate::result::Result::Err($crate::convert::From::from(err))
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}
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})
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}
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/// Write formatted data into a buffer
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///
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/// This macro accepts a 'writer' (any value with a `write_fmt` method), a format string, and a
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/// list of arguments to format.
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///
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/// The `write_fmt` method usually comes from an implementation of [`std::fmt::Write`][fmt_write]
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/// or [`std::io::Write`][io_write] traits. The term 'writer' refers to an implementation of one of
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/// these two traits.
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///
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/// Passed arguments will be formatted according to the specified format string and the resulting
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/// string will be passed to the writer.
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///
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/// See [`std::fmt`][fmt] for more information on format syntax.
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///
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/// `write!` returns whatever the 'write_fmt' method returns.
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///
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/// Common return values include: [`fmt::Result`][fmt_result], [`io::Result`][io_result]
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///
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/// [fmt]: ../std/fmt/index.html
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/// [fmt_write]: ../std/fmt/trait.Write.html
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/// [io_write]: ../std/io/trait.Write.html
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/// [fmt_result]: ../std/fmt/type.Result.html
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/// [io_result]: ../std/io/type.Result.html
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///
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/// # Examples
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///
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/// ```
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/// use std::io::Write;
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///
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/// let mut w = Vec::new();
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/// write!(&mut w, "test").unwrap();
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/// write!(&mut w, "formatted {}", "arguments").unwrap();
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///
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/// assert_eq!(w, b"testformatted arguments");
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/// ```
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///
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/// A module can import both `std::fmt::Write` and `std::io::Write` and call `write!` on objects
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/// implementing either, as objects do not typically implement both. However, the module must
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/// import the traits qualified so their names do not conflict:
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///
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/// ```
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/// use std::fmt::Write as FmtWrite;
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/// use std::io::Write as IoWrite;
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///
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/// let mut s = String::new();
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/// let mut v = Vec::new();
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/// write!(&mut s, "{} {}", "abc", 123).unwrap(); // uses fmt::Write::write_fmt
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/// write!(&mut v, "s = {:?}", s).unwrap(); // uses io::Write::write_fmt
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/// assert_eq!(v, b"s = \"abc 123\"");
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/// ```
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#[macro_export]
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#[stable(feature = "core", since = "1.6.0")]
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macro_rules! write {
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($dst:expr, $($arg:tt)*) => ($dst.write_fmt(format_args!($($arg)*)))
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}
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/// Write formatted data into a buffer, with a newline appended.
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///
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/// On all platforms, the newline is the LINE FEED character (`\n`/`U+000A`) alone
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/// (no additional CARRIAGE RETURN (`\r`/`U+000D`).
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///
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/// This macro accepts a 'writer' (any value with a `write_fmt` method), a format string, and a
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/// list of arguments to format.
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///
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/// The `write_fmt` method usually comes from an implementation of [`std::fmt::Write`][fmt_write]
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/// or [`std::io::Write`][io_write] traits. The term 'writer' refers to an implementation of one of
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/// these two traits.
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///
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/// Passed arguments will be formatted according to the specified format string and the resulting
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/// string will be passed to the writer, along with the appended newline.
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///
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/// See [`std::fmt`][fmt] for more information on format syntax.
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///
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/// `write!` returns whatever the 'write_fmt' method returns.
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///
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/// Common return values include: [`fmt::Result`][fmt_result], [`io::Result`][io_result]
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///
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/// [fmt]: ../std/fmt/index.html
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/// [fmt_write]: ../std/fmt/trait.Write.html
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/// [io_write]: ../std/io/trait.Write.html
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/// [fmt_result]: ../std/fmt/type.Result.html
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/// [io_result]: ../std/io/type.Result.html
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///
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/// # Examples
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///
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/// ```
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/// use std::io::Write;
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///
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/// let mut w = Vec::new();
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/// writeln!(&mut w, "test").unwrap();
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/// writeln!(&mut w, "formatted {}", "arguments").unwrap();
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///
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/// assert_eq!(&w[..], "test\nformatted arguments\n".as_bytes());
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/// ```
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///
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/// A module can import both `std::fmt::Write` and `std::io::Write` and call `write!` on objects
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/// implementing either, as objects do not typically implement both. However, the module must
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/// import the traits qualified so their names do not conflict:
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///
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/// ```
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/// use std::fmt::Write as FmtWrite;
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/// use std::io::Write as IoWrite;
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///
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/// let mut s = String::new();
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/// let mut v = Vec::new();
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/// writeln!(&mut s, "{} {}", "abc", 123).unwrap(); // uses fmt::Write::write_fmt
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/// writeln!(&mut v, "s = {:?}", s).unwrap(); // uses io::Write::write_fmt
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/// assert_eq!(v, b"s = \"abc 123\\n\"\n");
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/// ```
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#[macro_export]
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#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
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macro_rules! writeln {
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($dst:expr, $fmt:expr) => (
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write!($dst, concat!($fmt, "\n"))
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);
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($dst:expr, $fmt:expr, $($arg:tt)*) => (
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write!($dst, concat!($fmt, "\n"), $($arg)*)
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);
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}
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/// A utility macro for indicating unreachable code.
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///
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/// This is useful any time that the compiler can't determine that some code is unreachable. For
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/// example:
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///
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/// * Match arms with guard conditions.
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/// * Loops that dynamically terminate.
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/// * Iterators that dynamically terminate.
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///
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/// # Panics
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///
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/// This will always panic.
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///
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/// # Examples
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///
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/// Match arms:
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///
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/// ```
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/// # #[allow(dead_code)]
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/// fn foo(x: Option<i32>) {
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/// match x {
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/// Some(n) if n >= 0 => println!("Some(Non-negative)"),
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/// Some(n) if n < 0 => println!("Some(Negative)"),
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/// Some(_) => unreachable!(), // compile error if commented out
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/// None => println!("None")
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/// }
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/// }
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/// ```
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///
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/// Iterators:
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///
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|
/// ```
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/// # #[allow(dead_code)]
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|
/// fn divide_by_three(x: u32) -> u32 { // one of the poorest implementations of x/3
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/// for i in 0.. {
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/// if 3*i < i { panic!("u32 overflow"); }
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/// if x < 3*i { return i-1; }
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/// }
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/// unreachable!();
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/// }
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/// ```
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#[macro_export]
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|
#[stable(feature = "core", since = "1.6.0")]
|
|
macro_rules! unreachable {
|
|
() => ({
|
|
panic!("internal error: entered unreachable code")
|
|
});
|
|
($msg:expr) => ({
|
|
unreachable!("{}", $msg)
|
|
});
|
|
($fmt:expr, $($arg:tt)*) => ({
|
|
panic!(concat!("internal error: entered unreachable code: ", $fmt), $($arg)*)
|
|
});
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/// A standardized placeholder for marking unfinished code. It panics with the
|
|
/// message `"not yet implemented"` when executed.
|
|
///
|
|
/// This can be useful if you are prototyping and are just looking to have your
|
|
/// code typecheck, or if you're implementing a trait that requires multiple
|
|
/// methods, and you're only planning on using one of them.
|
|
///
|
|
/// # Examples
|
|
///
|
|
/// Here's an example of some in-progress code. We have a trait `Foo`:
|
|
///
|
|
/// ```
|
|
/// trait Foo {
|
|
/// fn bar(&self);
|
|
/// fn baz(&self);
|
|
/// }
|
|
/// ```
|
|
///
|
|
/// We want to implement `Foo` on one of our types, but we also want to work on
|
|
/// just `bar()` first. In order for our code to compile, we need to implement
|
|
/// `baz()`, so we can use `unimplemented!`:
|
|
///
|
|
/// ```
|
|
/// # trait Foo {
|
|
/// # fn bar(&self);
|
|
/// # fn baz(&self);
|
|
/// # }
|
|
/// struct MyStruct;
|
|
///
|
|
/// impl Foo for MyStruct {
|
|
/// fn bar(&self) {
|
|
/// // implementation goes here
|
|
/// }
|
|
///
|
|
/// fn baz(&self) {
|
|
/// // let's not worry about implementing baz() for now
|
|
/// unimplemented!();
|
|
/// }
|
|
/// }
|
|
///
|
|
/// fn main() {
|
|
/// let s = MyStruct;
|
|
/// s.bar();
|
|
///
|
|
/// // we aren't even using baz() yet, so this is fine.
|
|
/// }
|
|
/// ```
|
|
#[macro_export]
|
|
#[stable(feature = "core", since = "1.6.0")]
|
|
macro_rules! unimplemented {
|
|
() => (panic!("not yet implemented"))
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/// Built-in macros to the compiler itself.
|
|
///
|
|
/// These macros do not have any corresponding definition with a `macro_rules!`
|
|
/// macro, but are documented here. Their implementations can be found hardcoded
|
|
/// into libsyntax itself.
|
|
///
|
|
/// For more information, see documentation for `std`'s macros.
|
|
mod builtin {
|
|
/// The core macro for formatted string creation & output.
|
|
///
|
|
/// For more information, see the documentation for [`std::format_args!`].
|
|
///
|
|
/// [`std::format_args!`]: ../std/macro.format_args.html
|
|
#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
|
|
#[macro_export]
|
|
#[cfg(dox)]
|
|
macro_rules! format_args { ($fmt:expr, $($args:tt)*) => ({
|
|
/* compiler built-in */
|
|
}) }
|
|
|
|
/// Inspect an environment variable at compile time.
|
|
///
|
|
/// For more information, see the documentation for [`std::env!`].
|
|
///
|
|
/// [`std::env!`]: ../std/macro.env.html
|
|
#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
|
|
#[macro_export]
|
|
#[cfg(dox)]
|
|
macro_rules! env { ($name:expr) => ({ /* compiler built-in */ }) }
|
|
|
|
/// Optionally inspect an environment variable at compile time.
|
|
///
|
|
/// For more information, see the documentation for [`std::option_env!`].
|
|
///
|
|
/// [`std::option_env!`]: ../std/macro.option_env.html
|
|
#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
|
|
#[macro_export]
|
|
#[cfg(dox)]
|
|
macro_rules! option_env { ($name:expr) => ({ /* compiler built-in */ }) }
|
|
|
|
/// Concatenate identifiers into one identifier.
|
|
///
|
|
/// For more information, see the documentation for [`std::concat_idents!`].
|
|
///
|
|
/// [`std::concat_idents!`]: ../std/macro.concat_idents.html
|
|
#[unstable(feature = "concat_idents_macro", issue = "29599")]
|
|
#[macro_export]
|
|
#[cfg(dox)]
|
|
macro_rules! concat_idents {
|
|
($($e:ident),*) => ({ /* compiler built-in */ })
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/// Concatenates literals into a static string slice.
|
|
///
|
|
/// For more information, see the documentation for [`std::concat!`].
|
|
///
|
|
/// [`std::concat!`]: ../std/macro.concat.html
|
|
#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
|
|
#[macro_export]
|
|
#[cfg(dox)]
|
|
macro_rules! concat { ($($e:expr),*) => ({ /* compiler built-in */ }) }
|
|
|
|
/// A macro which expands to the line number on which it was invoked.
|
|
///
|
|
/// For more information, see the documentation for [`std::line!`].
|
|
///
|
|
/// [`std::line!`]: ../std/macro.line.html
|
|
#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
|
|
#[macro_export]
|
|
#[cfg(dox)]
|
|
macro_rules! line { () => ({ /* compiler built-in */ }) }
|
|
|
|
/// A macro which expands to the column number on which it was invoked.
|
|
///
|
|
/// For more information, see the documentation for [`std::column!`].
|
|
///
|
|
/// [`std::column!`]: ../std/macro.column.html
|
|
#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
|
|
#[macro_export]
|
|
#[cfg(dox)]
|
|
macro_rules! column { () => ({ /* compiler built-in */ }) }
|
|
|
|
/// A macro which expands to the file name from which it was invoked.
|
|
///
|
|
/// For more information, see the documentation for [`std::file!`].
|
|
///
|
|
/// [`std::file!`]: ../std/macro.file.html
|
|
#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
|
|
#[macro_export]
|
|
#[cfg(dox)]
|
|
macro_rules! file { () => ({ /* compiler built-in */ }) }
|
|
|
|
/// A macro which stringifies its argument.
|
|
///
|
|
/// For more information, see the documentation for [`std::stringify!`].
|
|
///
|
|
/// [`std::stringify!`]: ../std/macro.stringify.html
|
|
#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
|
|
#[macro_export]
|
|
#[cfg(dox)]
|
|
macro_rules! stringify { ($t:tt) => ({ /* compiler built-in */ }) }
|
|
|
|
/// Includes a utf8-encoded file as a string.
|
|
///
|
|
/// For more information, see the documentation for [`std::include_str!`].
|
|
///
|
|
/// [`std::include_str!`]: ../std/macro.include_str.html
|
|
#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
|
|
#[macro_export]
|
|
#[cfg(dox)]
|
|
macro_rules! include_str { ($file:expr) => ({ /* compiler built-in */ }) }
|
|
|
|
/// Includes a file as a reference to a byte array.
|
|
///
|
|
/// For more information, see the documentation for [`std::include_bytes!`].
|
|
///
|
|
/// [`std::include_bytes!`]: ../std/macro.include_bytes.html
|
|
#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
|
|
#[macro_export]
|
|
#[cfg(dox)]
|
|
macro_rules! include_bytes { ($file:expr) => ({ /* compiler built-in */ }) }
|
|
|
|
/// Expands to a string that represents the current module path.
|
|
///
|
|
/// For more information, see the documentation for [`std::module_path!`].
|
|
///
|
|
/// [`std::module_path!`]: ../std/macro.module_path.html
|
|
#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
|
|
#[macro_export]
|
|
#[cfg(dox)]
|
|
macro_rules! module_path { () => ({ /* compiler built-in */ }) }
|
|
|
|
/// Boolean evaluation of configuration flags.
|
|
///
|
|
/// For more information, see the documentation for [`std::cfg!`].
|
|
///
|
|
/// [`std::cfg!`]: ../std/macro.cfg.html
|
|
#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
|
|
#[macro_export]
|
|
#[cfg(dox)]
|
|
macro_rules! cfg { ($($cfg:tt)*) => ({ /* compiler built-in */ }) }
|
|
|
|
/// Parse a file as an expression or an item according to the context.
|
|
///
|
|
/// For more information, see the documentation for [`std::include!`].
|
|
///
|
|
/// [`std::include!`]: ../std/macro.include.html
|
|
#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
|
|
#[macro_export]
|
|
#[cfg(dox)]
|
|
macro_rules! include { ($file:expr) => ({ /* compiler built-in */ }) }
|
|
}
|