Matthias Krüger 7afed92749
Rollup merge of #109475 - scottmcm:simpler-shifts, r=WaffleLapkin
Simpler checked shifts in MIR building

Doing masking to check unsigned shift amounts is overcomplicated; just comparing the shift directly saves a statement and a temporary, as well as is much easier to read as a human.  And shifting by unsigned is the canonical case -- notably, all the library shifting methods (that don't support every type) take shift RHSs as `u32` -- so we might as well make that simpler since it's easy to do so.

This PR also changes *signed* shift amounts to `IntToInt` casts and then uses the same check as for unsigned.  The bit-masking is a nice trick, but for example LLVM actually canonicalizes it to an unsigned comparison anyway <https://rust.godbolt.org/z/8h59fMGT4> so I don't think it's worth the effort and the extra `Constant`.  (If MIR's `assert` was `assert_nz` then the masking might make sense, but when the `!=` uses another statement I think the comparison is better.)

To review, I suggest looking at 2ee0468c49 first -- that's the interesting code change and has a MIR diff.

My favourite part of the diff:
```diff
-        _20 = BitAnd(_19, const 340282366920938463463374607431768211448_u128); // scope 0 at $DIR/shifts.rs:+2:34: +2:44
-        _21 = Ne(move _20, const 0_u128); // scope 0 at $DIR/shifts.rs:+2:34: +2:44
-        assert(!move _21, "attempt to shift right by `{}`, which would overflow", _19) -> [success: bb3, unwind: bb7]; // scope 0 at $DIR/shifts.rs:+2:34: +2:44
+        _18 = Lt(_17, const 8_u128);     // scope 0 at $DIR/shifts.rs:+2:34: +2:44
+        assert(move _18, "attempt to shift right by `{}`, which would overflow", _17) -> [success: bb3, unwind: bb7]; // scope 0 at $DIR/shifts.rs:+2:34: +2:44
```
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This folder contains tests for MIR optimizations.

The mir-opt test format emits MIR to extra files that you can automatically update by specifying --bless on the command line (just like ui tests updating .stderr files).

--blessable test format

By default 32 bit and 64 bit targets use the same dump files, which can be problematic in the presence of pointers in constants or other bit width dependent things. In that case you can add

// EMIT_MIR_FOR_EACH_BIT_WIDTH

to your test, causing separate files to be generated for 32bit and 64bit systems.

Unit testing

If you are only testing the behavior of a particular mir-opt pass on some specific input (as is usually the case), you should add

// unit-test: PassName

to the top of the file. This makes sure that other passes don't run which means you'll get the input you expected and your test won't break when other code changes.

Emit a diff of the mir for a specific optimization

This is what you want most often when you want to see how an optimization changes the MIR.

// EMIT_MIR $file_name_of_some_mir_dump.diff

Emit mir after a specific optimization

Use this if you are just interested in the final state after an optimization.

// EMIT_MIR $file_name_of_some_mir_dump.after.mir

Emit mir before a specific optimization

This exists mainly for completeness and is rarely useful.

// EMIT_MIR $file_name_of_some_mir_dump.before.mir