rust/compiler/rustc_hir/src/lib.rs
bors 76c500ec6c Auto merge of #81635 - michaelwoerister:structured_def_path_hash, r=pnkfelix
Let a portion of DefPathHash uniquely identify the DefPath's crate.

This allows to directly map from a `DefPathHash` to the crate it originates from, without constructing side tables to do that mapping -- something that is useful for incremental compilation where we deal with `DefPathHash` instead of `DefId` a lot.

It also allows to reliably and cheaply check for `DefPathHash` collisions which allows the compiler to gracefully abort compilation instead of running into a subsequent ICE at some random place in the code.

The following new piece of documentation describes the most interesting aspects of the changes:

```rust
/// A `DefPathHash` is a fixed-size representation of a `DefPath` that is
/// stable across crate and compilation session boundaries. It consists of two
/// separate 64-bit hashes. The first uniquely identifies the crate this
/// `DefPathHash` originates from (see [StableCrateId]), and the second
/// uniquely identifies the corresponding `DefPath` within that crate. Together
/// they form a unique identifier within an entire crate graph.
///
/// There is a very small chance of hash collisions, which would mean that two
/// different `DefPath`s map to the same `DefPathHash`. Proceeding compilation
/// with such a hash collision would very probably lead to an ICE and, in the
/// worst case, to a silent mis-compilation. The compiler therefore actively
/// and exhaustively checks for such hash collisions and aborts compilation if
/// it finds one.
///
/// `DefPathHash` uses 64-bit hashes for both the crate-id part and the
/// crate-internal part, even though it is likely that there are many more
/// `LocalDefId`s in a single crate than there are individual crates in a crate
/// graph. Since we use the same number of bits in both cases, the collision
/// probability for the crate-local part will be quite a bit higher (though
/// still very small).
///
/// This imbalance is not by accident: A hash collision in the
/// crate-local part of a `DefPathHash` will be detected and reported while
/// compiling the crate in question. Such a collision does not depend on
/// outside factors and can be easily fixed by the crate maintainer (e.g. by
/// renaming the item in question or by bumping the crate version in a harmless
/// way).
///
/// A collision between crate-id hashes on the other hand is harder to fix
/// because it depends on the set of crates in the entire crate graph of a
/// compilation session. Again, using the same crate with a different version
/// number would fix the issue with a high probability -- but that might be
/// easier said then done if the crates in questions are dependencies of
/// third-party crates.
///
/// That being said, given a high quality hash function, the collision
/// probabilities in question are very small. For example, for a big crate like
/// `rustc_middle` (with ~50000 `LocalDefId`s as of the time of writing) there
/// is a probability of roughly 1 in 14,750,000,000 of a crate-internal
/// collision occurring. For a big crate graph with 1000 crates in it, there is
/// a probability of 1 in 36,890,000,000,000 of a `StableCrateId` collision.
```

Given the probabilities involved I hope that no one will ever actually see the error messages. Nonetheless, I'd be glad about some feedback on how to improve them. Should we create a GH issue describing the problem and possible solutions to point to? Or a page in the rustc book?

r? `@pnkfelix` (feel free to re-assign)
2021-03-07 23:45:57 +00:00

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885 B
Rust

//! HIR datatypes. See the [rustc dev guide] for more info.
//!
//! [rustc dev guide]: https://rustc-dev-guide.rust-lang.org/hir.html
#![feature(crate_visibility_modifier)]
#![feature(const_fn)] // For the unsizing cast on `&[]`
#![feature(const_panic)]
#![feature(in_band_lifetimes)]
#![feature(once_cell)]
#![feature(or_patterns)]
#![recursion_limit = "256"]
#[macro_use]
extern crate rustc_macros;
#[macro_use]
extern crate rustc_data_structures;
mod arena;
pub mod def;
pub mod definitions;
pub use rustc_span::def_id;
mod hir;
pub mod hir_id;
pub mod intravisit;
pub mod itemlikevisit;
pub mod lang_items;
pub mod pat_util;
mod stable_hash_impls;
mod target;
pub mod weak_lang_items;
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests;
pub use hir::*;
pub use hir_id::*;
pub use lang_items::{LangItem, LanguageItems};
pub use stable_hash_impls::HashStableContext;
pub use target::{MethodKind, Target};