rust/src/libgreen/sched.rs
Huon Wilson 76a59fd6e2 std: add an RAII unlocker to Mutex.
This automatically unlocks its lock when it goes out of scope, and
provides a safe(ish) method to call .wait.
2014-02-16 10:13:56 +11:00

1518 lines
55 KiB
Rust

// Copyright 2013-2014 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
// except according to those terms.
use std::cast;
use std::rand::{XorShiftRng, Rng, Rand};
use std::rt::local::Local;
use std::rt::rtio::{RemoteCallback, PausableIdleCallback, Callback, EventLoop};
use std::rt::task::BlockedTask;
use std::rt::task::Task;
use std::sync::deque;
use std::unstable::mutex::Mutex;
use std::unstable::raw;
use TaskState;
use context::Context;
use coroutine::Coroutine;
use sleeper_list::SleeperList;
use stack::StackPool;
use task::{TypeSched, GreenTask, HomeSched, AnySched};
use msgq = message_queue;
/// A scheduler is responsible for coordinating the execution of Tasks
/// on a single thread. The scheduler runs inside a slightly modified
/// Rust Task. When not running this task is stored in the scheduler
/// struct. The scheduler struct acts like a baton, all scheduling
/// actions are transfers of the baton.
///
/// FIXME: This creates too many callbacks to run_sched_once, resulting
/// in too much allocation and too many events.
pub struct Scheduler {
/// ID number of the pool that this scheduler is a member of. When
/// reawakening green tasks, this is used to ensure that tasks aren't
/// reawoken on the wrong pool of schedulers.
pool_id: uint,
/// There are N work queues, one per scheduler.
work_queue: deque::Worker<~GreenTask>,
/// Work queues for the other schedulers. These are created by
/// cloning the core work queues.
work_queues: ~[deque::Stealer<~GreenTask>],
/// The queue of incoming messages from other schedulers.
/// These are enqueued by SchedHandles after which a remote callback
/// is triggered to handle the message.
message_queue: msgq::Consumer<SchedMessage>,
/// Producer used to clone sched handles from
message_producer: msgq::Producer<SchedMessage>,
/// A shared list of sleeping schedulers. We'll use this to wake
/// up schedulers when pushing work onto the work queue.
sleeper_list: SleeperList,
/// Indicates that we have previously pushed a handle onto the
/// SleeperList but have not yet received the Wake message.
/// Being `true` does not necessarily mean that the scheduler is
/// not active since there are multiple event sources that may
/// wake the scheduler. It just prevents the scheduler from pushing
/// multiple handles onto the sleeper list.
sleepy: bool,
/// A flag to indicate we've received the shutdown message and should
/// no longer try to go to sleep, but exit instead.
no_sleep: bool,
stack_pool: StackPool,
/// The scheduler runs on a special task. When it is not running
/// it is stored here instead of the work queue.
sched_task: Option<~GreenTask>,
/// An action performed after a context switch on behalf of the
/// code running before the context switch
cleanup_job: Option<CleanupJob>,
/// If the scheduler shouldn't run some tasks, a friend to send
/// them to.
friend_handle: Option<SchedHandle>,
/// Should this scheduler run any task, or only pinned tasks?
run_anything: bool,
/// A fast XorShift rng for scheduler use
rng: XorShiftRng,
/// A togglable idle callback
idle_callback: Option<~PausableIdleCallback>,
/// A countdown that starts at a random value and is decremented
/// every time a yield check is performed. When it hits 0 a task
/// will yield.
yield_check_count: uint,
/// A flag to tell the scheduler loop it needs to do some stealing
/// in order to introduce randomness as part of a yield
steal_for_yield: bool,
/// Bookeeping for the number of tasks which are currently running around
/// inside this pool of schedulers
task_state: TaskState,
// n.b. currently destructors of an object are run in top-to-bottom in order
// of field declaration. Due to its nature, the pausable idle callback
// must have some sort of handle to the event loop, so it needs to get
// destroyed before the event loop itself. For this reason, we destroy
// the event loop last to ensure that any unsafe references to it are
// destroyed before it's actually destroyed.
/// The event loop used to drive the scheduler and perform I/O
event_loop: ~EventLoop,
}
/// An indication of how hard to work on a given operation, the difference
/// mainly being whether memory is synchronized or not
#[deriving(Eq)]
enum EffortLevel {
DontTryTooHard,
GiveItYourBest
}
static MAX_YIELD_CHECKS: uint = 20000;
fn reset_yield_check(rng: &mut XorShiftRng) -> uint {
let r: uint = Rand::rand(rng);
r % MAX_YIELD_CHECKS + 1
}
impl Scheduler {
// * Initialization Functions
pub fn new(pool_id: uint,
event_loop: ~EventLoop,
work_queue: deque::Worker<~GreenTask>,
work_queues: ~[deque::Stealer<~GreenTask>],
sleeper_list: SleeperList,
state: TaskState)
-> Scheduler {
Scheduler::new_special(pool_id, event_loop, work_queue, work_queues,
sleeper_list, true, None, state)
}
pub fn new_special(pool_id: uint,
event_loop: ~EventLoop,
work_queue: deque::Worker<~GreenTask>,
work_queues: ~[deque::Stealer<~GreenTask>],
sleeper_list: SleeperList,
run_anything: bool,
friend: Option<SchedHandle>,
state: TaskState)
-> Scheduler {
let (consumer, producer) = msgq::queue();
let mut sched = Scheduler {
pool_id: pool_id,
sleeper_list: sleeper_list,
message_queue: consumer,
message_producer: producer,
sleepy: false,
no_sleep: false,
event_loop: event_loop,
work_queue: work_queue,
work_queues: work_queues,
stack_pool: StackPool::new(),
sched_task: None,
cleanup_job: None,
run_anything: run_anything,
friend_handle: friend,
rng: new_sched_rng(),
idle_callback: None,
yield_check_count: 0,
steal_for_yield: false,
task_state: state,
};
sched.yield_check_count = reset_yield_check(&mut sched.rng);
return sched;
}
// FIXME: This may eventually need to be refactored so that
// the scheduler itself doesn't have to call event_loop.run.
// That will be important for embedding the runtime into external
// event loops.
// Take a main task to run, and a scheduler to run it in. Create a
// scheduler task and bootstrap into it.
pub fn bootstrap(mut ~self) {
// Build an Idle callback.
let cb = ~SchedRunner as ~Callback;
self.idle_callback = Some(self.event_loop.pausable_idle_callback(cb));
// Create a task for the scheduler with an empty context.
let sched_task = GreenTask::new_typed(Some(Coroutine::empty()),
TypeSched);
// Before starting our first task, make sure the idle callback
// is active. As we do not start in the sleep state this is
// important.
self.idle_callback.get_mut_ref().resume();
// Now, as far as all the scheduler state is concerned, we are inside
// the "scheduler" context. The scheduler immediately hands over control
// to the event loop, and this will only exit once the event loop no
// longer has any references (handles or I/O objects).
rtdebug!("starting scheduler {}", self.sched_id());
let mut sched_task = self.run(sched_task);
// Close the idle callback.
let mut sched = sched_task.sched.take_unwrap();
sched.idle_callback.take();
// Make one go through the loop to run the close callback.
let mut stask = sched.run(sched_task);
// Now that we are done with the scheduler, clean up the
// scheduler task. Do so by removing it from TLS and manually
// cleaning up the memory it uses. As we didn't actually call
// task.run() on the scheduler task we never get through all
// the cleanup code it runs.
rtdebug!("stopping scheduler {}", stask.sched.get_ref().sched_id());
// Should not have any messages
let message = stask.sched.get_mut_ref().message_queue.pop();
rtassert!(match message { msgq::Empty => true, _ => false });
stask.task.get_mut_ref().destroyed = true;
}
// This does not return a scheduler, as the scheduler is placed
// inside the task.
pub fn run(mut ~self, stask: ~GreenTask) -> ~GreenTask {
// This is unsafe because we need to place the scheduler, with
// the event_loop inside, inside our task. But we still need a
// mutable reference to the event_loop to give it the "run"
// command.
unsafe {
let event_loop: *mut ~EventLoop = &mut self.event_loop;
// Our scheduler must be in the task before the event loop
// is started.
stask.put_with_sched(self);
(*event_loop).run();
}
// This is a serious code smell, but this function could be done away
// with if necessary. The ownership of `stask` was transferred into
// local storage just before the event loop ran, so it is possible to
// transmute `stask` as a uint across the running of the event loop to
// re-acquire ownership here.
//
// This would involve removing the Task from TLS, removing the runtime,
// forgetting the runtime, and then putting the task into `stask`. For
// now, because we have `GreenTask::convert`, I chose to take this
// method for cleanliness. This function is *not* a fundamental reason
// why this function should exist.
GreenTask::convert(Local::take())
}
// * Execution Functions - Core Loop Logic
// This function is run from the idle callback on the uv loop, indicating
// that there are no I/O events pending. When this function returns, we will
// fall back to epoll() in the uv event loop, waiting for more things to
// happen. We may come right back off epoll() if the idle callback is still
// active, in which case we're truly just polling to see if I/O events are
// complete.
//
// The model for this function is to execute as much work as possible while
// still fairly considering I/O tasks. Falling back to epoll() frequently is
// often quite expensive, so we attempt to avoid it as much as possible. If
// we have any active I/O on the event loop, then we're forced to fall back
// to epoll() in order to provide fairness, but as long as we're doing work
// and there's no active I/O, we can continue to do work.
//
// If we try really hard to do some work, but no work is available to be
// done, then we fall back to epoll() to block this thread waiting for more
// work (instead of busy waiting).
fn run_sched_once(mut ~self, stask: ~GreenTask) {
// Make sure that we're not lying in that the `stask` argument is indeed
// the scheduler task for this scheduler.
assert!(self.sched_task.is_none());
// Assume that we need to continue idling unless we reach the
// end of this function without performing an action.
self.idle_callback.get_mut_ref().resume();
// First we check for scheduler messages, these are higher
// priority than regular tasks.
let (mut sched, mut stask, mut did_work) =
self.interpret_message_queue(stask, DontTryTooHard);
// After processing a message, we consider doing some more work on the
// event loop. The "keep going" condition changes after the first
// iteration becase we don't want to spin here infinitely.
//
// Once we start doing work we can keep doing work so long as the
// iteration does something. Note that we don't want to starve the
// message queue here, so each iteration when we're done working we
// check the message queue regardless of whether we did work or not.
let mut keep_going = !did_work || !sched.event_loop.has_active_io();
while keep_going {
let (a, b, c) = match sched.do_work(stask) {
(sched, task, false) => {
sched.interpret_message_queue(task, GiveItYourBest)
}
(sched, task, true) => {
let (sched, task, _) =
sched.interpret_message_queue(task, GiveItYourBest);
(sched, task, true)
}
};
sched = a;
stask = b;
did_work = c;
// We only keep going if we managed to do something productive and
// also don't have any active I/O. If we didn't do anything, we
// should consider going to sleep, and if we have active I/O we need
// to poll for completion.
keep_going = did_work && !sched.event_loop.has_active_io();
}
// If we ever did some work, then we shouldn't put our scheduler
// entirely to sleep just yet. Leave the idle callback active and fall
// back to epoll() to see what's going on.
if did_work {
return stask.put_with_sched(sched);
}
// If we got here then there was no work to do.
// Generate a SchedHandle and push it to the sleeper list so
// somebody can wake us up later.
if !sched.sleepy && !sched.no_sleep {
rtdebug!("scheduler has no work to do, going to sleep");
sched.sleepy = true;
let handle = sched.make_handle();
sched.sleeper_list.push(handle);
// Since we are sleeping, deactivate the idle callback.
sched.idle_callback.get_mut_ref().pause();
} else {
rtdebug!("not sleeping, already doing so or no_sleep set");
// We may not be sleeping, but we still need to deactivate
// the idle callback.
sched.idle_callback.get_mut_ref().pause();
}
// Finished a cycle without using the Scheduler. Place it back
// in TLS.
stask.put_with_sched(sched);
}
// This function returns None if the scheduler is "used", or it
// returns the still-available scheduler. At this point all
// message-handling will count as a turn of work, and as a result
// return None.
fn interpret_message_queue(mut ~self, stask: ~GreenTask,
effort: EffortLevel)
-> (~Scheduler, ~GreenTask, bool)
{
let msg = if effort == DontTryTooHard {
self.message_queue.casual_pop()
} else {
// When popping our message queue, we could see an "inconsistent"
// state which means that we *should* be able to pop data, but we
// are unable to at this time. Our options are:
//
// 1. Spin waiting for data
// 2. Ignore this and pretend we didn't find a message
//
// If we choose route 1, then if the pusher in question is currently
// pre-empted, we're going to take up our entire time slice just
// spinning on this queue. If we choose route 2, then the pusher in
// question is still guaranteed to make a send() on its async
// handle, so we will guaranteed wake up and see its message at some
// point.
//
// I have chosen to take route #2.
match self.message_queue.pop() {
msgq::Data(t) => Some(t),
msgq::Empty | msgq::Inconsistent => None
}
};
match msg {
Some(PinnedTask(task)) => {
let mut task = task;
task.give_home(HomeSched(self.make_handle()));
let (sched, task) = self.resume_task_immediately(stask, task);
(sched, task, true)
}
Some(TaskFromFriend(task)) => {
rtdebug!("got a task from a friend. lovely!");
let (sched, task) =
self.process_task(stask, task,
Scheduler::resume_task_immediately_cl);
(sched, task, true)
}
Some(RunOnce(task)) => {
// bypass the process_task logic to force running this task once
// on this home scheduler. This is often used for I/O (homing).
let (sched, task) = self.resume_task_immediately(stask, task);
(sched, task, true)
}
Some(Wake) => {
self.sleepy = false;
(self, stask, true)
}
Some(Shutdown) => {
rtdebug!("shutting down");
if self.sleepy {
// There may be an outstanding handle on the
// sleeper list. Pop them all to make sure that's
// not the case.
loop {
match self.sleeper_list.pop() {
Some(handle) => {
let mut handle = handle;
handle.send(Wake);
}
None => break
}
}
}
// No more sleeping. After there are no outstanding
// event loop references we will shut down.
self.no_sleep = true;
self.sleepy = false;
(self, stask, true)
}
Some(NewNeighbor(neighbor)) => {
self.work_queues.push(neighbor);
(self, stask, false)
}
None => (self, stask, false)
}
}
fn do_work(mut ~self,
stask: ~GreenTask) -> (~Scheduler, ~GreenTask, bool) {
rtdebug!("scheduler calling do work");
match self.find_work() {
Some(task) => {
rtdebug!("found some work! running the task");
let (sched, task) =
self.process_task(stask, task,
Scheduler::resume_task_immediately_cl);
(sched, task, true)
}
None => {
rtdebug!("no work was found, returning the scheduler struct");
(self, stask, false)
}
}
}
// Workstealing: In this iteration of the runtime each scheduler
// thread has a distinct work queue. When no work is available
// locally, make a few attempts to steal work from the queues of
// other scheduler threads. If a few steals fail we end up in the
// old "no work" path which is fine.
// First step in the process is to find a task. This function does
// that by first checking the local queue, and if there is no work
// there, trying to steal from the remote work queues.
fn find_work(&mut self) -> Option<~GreenTask> {
rtdebug!("scheduler looking for work");
if !self.steal_for_yield {
match self.work_queue.pop() {
Some(task) => {
rtdebug!("found a task locally");
return Some(task)
}
None => {
rtdebug!("scheduler trying to steal");
return self.try_steals();
}
}
} else {
// During execution of the last task, it performed a 'yield',
// so we're doing some work stealing in order to introduce some
// scheduling randomness. Otherwise we would just end up popping
// that same task again. This is pretty lame and is to work around
// the problem that work stealing is not designed for 'non-strict'
// (non-fork-join) task parallelism.
self.steal_for_yield = false;
match self.try_steals() {
Some(task) => {
rtdebug!("stole a task after yielding");
return Some(task);
}
None => {
rtdebug!("did not steal a task after yielding");
// Back to business
return self.find_work();
}
}
}
}
// Try stealing from all queues the scheduler knows about. This
// naive implementation can steal from our own queue or from other
// special schedulers.
fn try_steals(&mut self) -> Option<~GreenTask> {
let work_queues = &mut self.work_queues;
let len = work_queues.len();
let start_index = self.rng.gen_range(0, len);
for index in range(0, len).map(|i| (i + start_index) % len) {
match work_queues[index].steal() {
deque::Data(task) => {
rtdebug!("found task by stealing");
return Some(task)
}
_ => ()
}
};
rtdebug!("giving up on stealing");
return None;
}
// * Task Routing Functions - Make sure tasks send up in the right
// place.
fn process_task(mut ~self, cur: ~GreenTask,
mut next: ~GreenTask,
schedule_fn: SchedulingFn) -> (~Scheduler, ~GreenTask) {
rtdebug!("processing a task");
match next.take_unwrap_home() {
HomeSched(home_handle) => {
if home_handle.sched_id != self.sched_id() {
rtdebug!("sending task home");
next.give_home(HomeSched(home_handle));
Scheduler::send_task_home(next);
(self, cur)
} else {
rtdebug!("running task here");
next.give_home(HomeSched(home_handle));
schedule_fn(self, cur, next)
}
}
AnySched if self.run_anything => {
rtdebug!("running anysched task here");
next.give_home(AnySched);
schedule_fn(self, cur, next)
}
AnySched => {
rtdebug!("sending task to friend");
next.give_home(AnySched);
self.send_to_friend(next);
(self, cur)
}
}
}
fn send_task_home(task: ~GreenTask) {
let mut task = task;
match task.take_unwrap_home() {
HomeSched(mut home_handle) => home_handle.send(PinnedTask(task)),
AnySched => rtabort!("error: cannot send anysched task home"),
}
}
/// Take a non-homed task we aren't allowed to run here and send
/// it to the designated friend scheduler to execute.
fn send_to_friend(&mut self, task: ~GreenTask) {
rtdebug!("sending a task to friend");
match self.friend_handle {
Some(ref mut handle) => {
handle.send(TaskFromFriend(task));
}
None => {
rtabort!("tried to send task to a friend but scheduler has no friends");
}
}
}
/// Schedule a task to be executed later.
///
/// Pushes the task onto the work stealing queue and tells the
/// event loop to run it later. Always use this instead of pushing
/// to the work queue directly.
pub fn enqueue_task(&mut self, task: ~GreenTask) {
// We push the task onto our local queue clone.
assert!(!task.is_sched());
self.work_queue.push(task);
match self.idle_callback {
Some(ref mut idle) => idle.resume(),
None => {} // allow enqueuing before the scheduler starts
}
// We've made work available. Notify a
// sleeping scheduler.
match self.sleeper_list.casual_pop() {
Some(handle) => {
let mut handle = handle;
handle.send(Wake)
}
None => { (/* pass */) }
};
}
// * Core Context Switching Functions
// The primary function for changing contexts. In the current
// design the scheduler is just a slightly modified GreenTask, so
// all context swaps are from GreenTask to GreenTask. The only difference
// between the various cases is where the inputs come from, and
// what is done with the resulting task. That is specified by the
// cleanup function f, which takes the scheduler and the
// old task as inputs.
pub fn change_task_context(mut ~self,
current_task: ~GreenTask,
mut next_task: ~GreenTask,
f: |&mut Scheduler, ~GreenTask|) -> ~GreenTask {
let f_opaque = ClosureConverter::from_fn(f);
let current_task_dupe = unsafe {
*cast::transmute::<&~GreenTask, &uint>(&current_task)
};
// The current task is placed inside an enum with the cleanup
// function. This enum is then placed inside the scheduler.
self.cleanup_job = Some(CleanupJob::new(current_task, f_opaque));
// The scheduler is then placed inside the next task.
next_task.sched = Some(self);
// However we still need an internal mutable pointer to the
// original task. The strategy here was "arrange memory, then
// get pointers", so we crawl back up the chain using
// transmute to eliminate borrowck errors.
unsafe {
let sched: &mut Scheduler =
cast::transmute_mut_region(*next_task.sched.get_mut_ref());
let current_task: &mut GreenTask = match sched.cleanup_job {
Some(CleanupJob { task: ref task, .. }) => {
let task_ptr: *~GreenTask = task;
cast::transmute_mut_region(*cast::transmute_mut_unsafe(task_ptr))
}
None => {
rtabort!("no cleanup job");
}
};
let (current_task_context, next_task_context) =
Scheduler::get_contexts(current_task, next_task);
// Done with everything - put the next task in TLS. This
// works because due to transmute the borrow checker
// believes that we have no internal pointers to
// next_task.
cast::forget(next_task);
// The raw context swap operation. The next action taken
// will be running the cleanup job from the context of the
// next task.
Context::swap(current_task_context, next_task_context);
}
// When the context swaps back to this task we immediately
// run the cleanup job, as expected by the previously called
// swap_contexts function.
let mut current_task: ~GreenTask = unsafe {
cast::transmute(current_task_dupe)
};
current_task.sched.get_mut_ref().run_cleanup_job();
// See the comments in switch_running_tasks_and_then for why a lock
// is acquired here. This is the resumption points and the "bounce"
// that it is referring to.
unsafe {
let _guard = current_task.nasty_deschedule_lock.lock();
}
return current_task;
}
// Returns a mutable reference to both contexts involved in this
// swap. This is unsafe - we are getting mutable internal
// references to keep even when we don't own the tasks. It looks
// kinda safe because we are doing transmutes before passing in
// the arguments.
pub fn get_contexts<'a>(current_task: &mut GreenTask, next_task: &mut GreenTask) ->
(&'a mut Context, &'a mut Context) {
let current_task_context =
&mut current_task.coroutine.get_mut_ref().saved_context;
let next_task_context =
&mut next_task.coroutine.get_mut_ref().saved_context;
unsafe {
(cast::transmute_mut_region(current_task_context),
cast::transmute_mut_region(next_task_context))
}
}
// * Context Swapping Helpers - Here be ugliness!
pub fn resume_task_immediately(~self, cur: ~GreenTask,
next: ~GreenTask) -> (~Scheduler, ~GreenTask) {
assert!(cur.is_sched());
let mut cur = self.change_task_context(cur, next, |sched, stask| {
assert!(sched.sched_task.is_none());
sched.sched_task = Some(stask);
});
(cur.sched.take_unwrap(), cur)
}
fn resume_task_immediately_cl(sched: ~Scheduler,
cur: ~GreenTask,
next: ~GreenTask) -> (~Scheduler, ~GreenTask) {
sched.resume_task_immediately(cur, next)
}
/// Block a running task, context switch to the scheduler, then pass the
/// blocked task to a closure.
///
/// # Safety note
///
/// The closure here is a *stack* closure that lives in the
/// running task. It gets transmuted to the scheduler's lifetime
/// and called while the task is blocked.
///
/// This passes a Scheduler pointer to the fn after the context switch
/// in order to prevent that fn from performing further scheduling operations.
/// Doing further scheduling could easily result in infinite recursion.
///
/// Note that if the closure provided relinquishes ownership of the
/// BlockedTask, then it is possible for the task to resume execution before
/// the closure has finished executing. This would naturally introduce a
/// race if the closure and task shared portions of the environment.
///
/// This situation is currently prevented, or in other words it is
/// guaranteed that this function will not return before the given closure
/// has returned.
pub fn deschedule_running_task_and_then(mut ~self,
cur: ~GreenTask,
f: |&mut Scheduler, BlockedTask|) {
// Trickier - we need to get the scheduler task out of self
// and use it as the destination.
let stask = self.sched_task.take_unwrap();
// Otherwise this is the same as below.
self.switch_running_tasks_and_then(cur, stask, f)
}
pub fn switch_running_tasks_and_then(~self,
cur: ~GreenTask,
next: ~GreenTask,
f: |&mut Scheduler, BlockedTask|) {
// And here comes one of the sad moments in which a lock is used in a
// core portion of the rust runtime. As always, this is highly
// undesirable, so there's a good reason behind it.
//
// There is an excellent outline of the problem in issue #8132, and it's
// summarized in that `f` is executed on a sched task, but its
// environment is on the previous task. If `f` relinquishes ownership of
// the BlockedTask, then it may introduce a race where `f` is using the
// environment as well as the code after the 'deschedule' block.
//
// The solution we have chosen to adopt for now is to acquire a
// task-local lock around this block. The resumption of the task in
// context switching will bounce on the lock, thereby waiting for this
// block to finish, eliminating the race mentioned above.
// fail!("should never return!");
//
// To actually maintain a handle to the lock, we use an unsafe pointer
// to it, but we're guaranteed that the task won't exit until we've
// unlocked the lock so there's no worry of this memory going away.
let cur = self.change_task_context(cur, next, |sched, mut task| {
let lock: *mut Mutex = &mut task.nasty_deschedule_lock;
unsafe {
let _guard = (*lock).lock();
f(sched, BlockedTask::block(task.swap()));
}
});
cur.put();
}
fn switch_task(sched: ~Scheduler, cur: ~GreenTask,
next: ~GreenTask) -> (~Scheduler, ~GreenTask) {
let mut cur = sched.change_task_context(cur, next, |sched, last_task| {
if last_task.is_sched() {
assert!(sched.sched_task.is_none());
sched.sched_task = Some(last_task);
} else {
sched.enqueue_task(last_task);
}
});
(cur.sched.take_unwrap(), cur)
}
// * Task Context Helpers
/// Called by a running task to end execution, after which it will
/// be recycled by the scheduler for reuse in a new task.
pub fn terminate_current_task(mut ~self, cur: ~GreenTask) -> ! {
// Similar to deschedule running task and then, but cannot go through
// the task-blocking path. The task is already dying.
let stask = self.sched_task.take_unwrap();
let _cur = self.change_task_context(cur, stask, |sched, mut dead_task| {
let coroutine = dead_task.coroutine.take_unwrap();
coroutine.recycle(&mut sched.stack_pool);
sched.task_state.decrement();
});
fail!("should never return!");
}
pub fn run_task(~self, cur: ~GreenTask, next: ~GreenTask) {
let (sched, task) =
self.process_task(cur, next, Scheduler::switch_task);
task.put_with_sched(sched);
}
pub fn run_task_later(mut cur: ~GreenTask, next: ~GreenTask) {
let mut sched = cur.sched.take_unwrap();
sched.enqueue_task(next);
cur.put_with_sched(sched);
}
/// Yield control to the scheduler, executing another task. This is guaranteed
/// to introduce some amount of randomness to the scheduler. Currently the
/// randomness is a result of performing a round of work stealing (which
/// may end up stealing from the current scheduler).
pub fn yield_now(mut ~self, cur: ~GreenTask) {
// Async handles trigger the scheduler by calling yield_now on the local
// task, which eventually gets us to here. See comments in SchedRunner
// for more info on this.
if cur.is_sched() {
assert!(self.sched_task.is_none());
self.run_sched_once(cur);
} else {
self.yield_check_count = reset_yield_check(&mut self.rng);
// Tell the scheduler to start stealing on the next iteration
self.steal_for_yield = true;
let stask = self.sched_task.take_unwrap();
let cur = self.change_task_context(cur, stask, |sched, task| {
sched.enqueue_task(task);
});
cur.put()
}
}
pub fn maybe_yield(mut ~self, cur: ~GreenTask) {
// The number of times to do the yield check before yielding, chosen
// arbitrarily.
rtassert!(self.yield_check_count > 0);
self.yield_check_count -= 1;
if self.yield_check_count == 0 {
self.yield_now(cur);
} else {
cur.put_with_sched(self);
}
}
// * Utility Functions
pub fn sched_id(&self) -> uint { unsafe { cast::transmute(self) } }
pub fn run_cleanup_job(&mut self) {
let cleanup_job = self.cleanup_job.take_unwrap();
cleanup_job.run(self)
}
pub fn make_handle(&mut self) -> SchedHandle {
let remote = self.event_loop.remote_callback(~SchedRunner as ~Callback);
return SchedHandle {
remote: remote,
queue: self.message_producer.clone(),
sched_id: self.sched_id()
}
}
}
// Supporting types
type SchedulingFn = fn (~Scheduler, ~GreenTask, ~GreenTask)
-> (~Scheduler, ~GreenTask);
pub enum SchedMessage {
Wake,
Shutdown,
NewNeighbor(deque::Stealer<~GreenTask>),
PinnedTask(~GreenTask),
TaskFromFriend(~GreenTask),
RunOnce(~GreenTask),
}
pub struct SchedHandle {
priv remote: ~RemoteCallback,
priv queue: msgq::Producer<SchedMessage>,
sched_id: uint
}
impl SchedHandle {
pub fn send(&mut self, msg: SchedMessage) {
self.queue.push(msg);
self.remote.fire();
}
}
struct SchedRunner;
impl Callback for SchedRunner {
fn call(&mut self) {
// In theory, this function needs to invoke the `run_sched_once`
// function on the scheduler. Sadly, we have no context here, except for
// knowledge of the local `Task`. In order to avoid a call to
// `GreenTask::convert`, we just call `yield_now` and the scheduler will
// detect when a sched task performs a yield vs a green task performing
// a yield (and act accordingly).
//
// This function could be converted to `GreenTask::convert` if
// absolutely necessary, but for cleanliness it is much better to not
// use the conversion function.
let task: ~Task = Local::take();
task.yield_now();
}
}
struct CleanupJob {
task: ~GreenTask,
f: UnsafeTaskReceiver
}
impl CleanupJob {
pub fn new(task: ~GreenTask, f: UnsafeTaskReceiver) -> CleanupJob {
CleanupJob {
task: task,
f: f
}
}
pub fn run(self, sched: &mut Scheduler) {
let CleanupJob { task: task, f: f } = self;
f.to_fn()(sched, task)
}
}
// FIXME: Some hacks to put a || closure in Scheduler without borrowck
// complaining
type UnsafeTaskReceiver = raw::Closure;
trait ClosureConverter {
fn from_fn(|&mut Scheduler, ~GreenTask|) -> Self;
fn to_fn(self) -> |&mut Scheduler, ~GreenTask|;
}
impl ClosureConverter for UnsafeTaskReceiver {
fn from_fn(f: |&mut Scheduler, ~GreenTask|) -> UnsafeTaskReceiver {
unsafe { cast::transmute(f) }
}
fn to_fn(self) -> |&mut Scheduler, ~GreenTask| {
unsafe { cast::transmute(self) }
}
}
// On unix, we read randomness straight from /dev/urandom, but the
// default constructor of an XorShiftRng does this via io::fs, which
// relies on the scheduler existing, so we have to manually load
// randomness. Windows has its own C API for this, so we don't need to
// worry there.
#[cfg(windows)]
fn new_sched_rng() -> XorShiftRng {
XorShiftRng::new()
}
#[cfg(unix)]
fn new_sched_rng() -> XorShiftRng {
use std::libc;
use std::mem;
use std::rand::SeedableRng;
let fd = "/dev/urandom".with_c_str(|name| {
unsafe { libc::open(name, libc::O_RDONLY, 0) }
});
if fd == -1 {
rtabort!("could not open /dev/urandom for reading.")
}
let mut seeds = [0u32, .. 4];
let size = mem::size_of_val(&seeds);
loop {
let nbytes = unsafe {
libc::read(fd,
seeds.as_mut_ptr() as *mut libc::c_void,
size as libc::size_t)
};
rtassert!(nbytes as uint == size);
if !seeds.iter().all(|x| *x == 0) {
break;
}
}
unsafe {libc::close(fd);}
SeedableRng::from_seed(seeds)
}
#[cfg(test)]
mod test {
use std::comm;
use std::task::TaskOpts;
use std::rt::Runtime;
use std::rt::task::Task;
use std::rt::local::Local;
use {TaskState, PoolConfig, SchedPool};
use basic;
use sched::{TaskFromFriend, PinnedTask};
use task::{GreenTask, HomeSched};
fn pool() -> SchedPool {
SchedPool::new(PoolConfig {
threads: 1,
event_loop_factory: Some(basic::event_loop),
})
}
fn run(f: proc()) {
let mut pool = pool();
pool.spawn(TaskOpts::new(), f);
pool.shutdown();
}
fn sched_id() -> uint {
let mut task = Local::borrow(None::<Task>);
match task.get().maybe_take_runtime::<GreenTask>() {
Some(green) => {
let ret = green.sched.get_ref().sched_id();
task.get().put_runtime(green as ~Runtime);
return ret;
}
None => fail!()
}
}
#[test]
fn trivial_run_in_newsched_task_test() {
let mut task_ran = false;
let task_ran_ptr: *mut bool = &mut task_ran;
run(proc() {
unsafe { *task_ran_ptr = true };
rtdebug!("executed from the new scheduler")
});
assert!(task_ran);
}
#[test]
fn multiple_task_test() {
let total = 10;
let mut task_run_count = 0;
let task_run_count_ptr: *mut uint = &mut task_run_count;
// with only one thread this is safe to run in without worries of
// contention.
run(proc() {
for _ in range(0u, total) {
spawn(proc() {
unsafe { *task_run_count_ptr = *task_run_count_ptr + 1};
});
}
});
assert!(task_run_count == total);
}
#[test]
fn multiple_task_nested_test() {
let mut task_run_count = 0;
let task_run_count_ptr: *mut uint = &mut task_run_count;
run(proc() {
spawn(proc() {
unsafe { *task_run_count_ptr = *task_run_count_ptr + 1 };
spawn(proc() {
unsafe { *task_run_count_ptr = *task_run_count_ptr + 1 };
spawn(proc() {
unsafe { *task_run_count_ptr = *task_run_count_ptr + 1 };
})
})
})
});
assert!(task_run_count == 3);
}
// A very simple test that confirms that a task executing on the
// home scheduler notices that it is home.
#[test]
fn test_home_sched() {
let mut pool = pool();
let (dport, dchan) = Chan::new();
{
let (port, chan) = Chan::new();
let mut handle1 = pool.spawn_sched();
let mut handle2 = pool.spawn_sched();
handle1.send(TaskFromFriend(pool.task(TaskOpts::new(), proc() {
chan.send(sched_id());
})));
let sched1_id = port.recv();
let mut task = pool.task(TaskOpts::new(), proc() {
assert_eq!(sched_id(), sched1_id);
dchan.send(());
});
task.give_home(HomeSched(handle1));
handle2.send(TaskFromFriend(task));
}
dport.recv();
pool.shutdown();
}
// An advanced test that checks all four possible states that a
// (task,sched) can be in regarding homes.
#[test]
fn test_schedule_home_states() {
use sleeper_list::SleeperList;
use super::{Shutdown, Scheduler, SchedHandle};
use std::unstable::run_in_bare_thread;
use std::rt::thread::Thread;
use std::sync::deque::BufferPool;
run_in_bare_thread(proc() {
let sleepers = SleeperList::new();
let mut pool = BufferPool::new();
let (normal_worker, normal_stealer) = pool.deque();
let (special_worker, special_stealer) = pool.deque();
let queues = ~[normal_stealer, special_stealer];
let (_p, state) = TaskState::new();
// Our normal scheduler
let mut normal_sched = ~Scheduler::new(
1,
basic::event_loop(),
normal_worker,
queues.clone(),
sleepers.clone(),
state.clone());
let normal_handle = normal_sched.make_handle();
let friend_handle = normal_sched.make_handle();
// Our special scheduler
let mut special_sched = ~Scheduler::new_special(
1,
basic::event_loop(),
special_worker,
queues.clone(),
sleepers.clone(),
false,
Some(friend_handle),
state);
let special_handle = special_sched.make_handle();
let t1_handle = special_sched.make_handle();
let t4_handle = special_sched.make_handle();
// Four test tasks:
// 1) task is home on special
// 2) task not homed, sched doesn't care
// 3) task not homed, sched requeues
// 4) task not home, send home
// Grab both the scheduler and the task from TLS and check if the
// task is executing on an appropriate scheduler.
fn on_appropriate_sched() -> bool {
use task::{TypeGreen, TypeSched, HomeSched};
let task = GreenTask::convert(Local::take());
let sched_id = task.sched.get_ref().sched_id();
let run_any = task.sched.get_ref().run_anything;
let ret = match task.task_type {
TypeGreen(Some(AnySched)) => {
run_any
}
TypeGreen(Some(HomeSched(SchedHandle {
sched_id: ref id,
..
}))) => {
*id == sched_id
}
TypeGreen(None) => { fail!("task without home"); }
TypeSched => { fail!("expected green task"); }
};
task.put();
ret
}
let task1 = GreenTask::new_homed(&mut special_sched.stack_pool,
None, HomeSched(t1_handle), proc() {
rtassert!(on_appropriate_sched());
});
let task2 = GreenTask::new(&mut normal_sched.stack_pool, None, proc() {
rtassert!(on_appropriate_sched());
});
let task3 = GreenTask::new(&mut normal_sched.stack_pool, None, proc() {
rtassert!(on_appropriate_sched());
});
let task4 = GreenTask::new_homed(&mut special_sched.stack_pool,
None, HomeSched(t4_handle), proc() {
rtassert!(on_appropriate_sched());
});
// Signal from the special task that we are done.
let (port, chan) = Chan::<()>::new();
fn run(next: ~GreenTask) {
let mut task = GreenTask::convert(Local::take());
let sched = task.sched.take_unwrap();
sched.run_task(task, next)
}
let normal_task = GreenTask::new(&mut normal_sched.stack_pool, None, proc() {
run(task2);
run(task4);
port.recv();
let mut nh = normal_handle;
nh.send(Shutdown);
let mut sh = special_handle;
sh.send(Shutdown);
});
normal_sched.enqueue_task(normal_task);
let special_task = GreenTask::new(&mut special_sched.stack_pool, None, proc() {
run(task1);
run(task3);
chan.send(());
});
special_sched.enqueue_task(special_task);
let normal_sched = normal_sched;
let normal_thread = Thread::start(proc() { normal_sched.bootstrap() });
let special_sched = special_sched;
let special_thread = Thread::start(proc() { special_sched.bootstrap() });
normal_thread.join();
special_thread.join();
});
}
//#[test]
//fn test_stress_schedule_task_states() {
// if util::limit_thread_creation_due_to_osx_and_valgrind() { return; }
// let n = stress_factor() * 120;
// for _ in range(0, n as int) {
// test_schedule_home_states();
// }
//}
#[test]
fn test_io_callback() {
use std::io::timer;
let mut pool = SchedPool::new(PoolConfig {
threads: 2,
event_loop_factory: None,
});
// This is a regression test that when there are no schedulable tasks in
// the work queue, but we are performing I/O, that once we do put
// something in the work queue again the scheduler picks it up and
// doesn't exit before emptying the work queue
pool.spawn(TaskOpts::new(), proc() {
spawn(proc() {
timer::sleep(10);
});
});
pool.shutdown();
}
#[test]
fn wakeup_across_scheds() {
let (port1, chan1) = Chan::new();
let (port2, chan2) = Chan::new();
let mut pool1 = pool();
let mut pool2 = pool();
pool1.spawn(TaskOpts::new(), proc() {
let id = sched_id();
chan1.send(());
port2.recv();
assert_eq!(id, sched_id());
});
pool2.spawn(TaskOpts::new(), proc() {
let id = sched_id();
port1.recv();
assert_eq!(id, sched_id());
chan2.send(());
});
pool1.shutdown();
pool2.shutdown();
}
// A regression test that the final message is always handled.
// Used to deadlock because Shutdown was never recvd.
#[test]
fn no_missed_messages() {
let mut pool = pool();
let task = pool.task(TaskOpts::new(), proc()());
pool.spawn_sched().send(TaskFromFriend(task));
pool.shutdown();
}
#[test]
fn multithreading() {
run(proc() {
let mut ports = ~[];
for _ in range(0, 10) {
let (port, chan) = Chan::new();
spawn(proc() {
chan.send(());
});
ports.push(port);
}
loop {
match ports.pop() {
Some(port) => port.recv(),
None => break,
}
}
});
}
#[test]
fn thread_ring() {
run(proc() {
let (end_port, end_chan) = Chan::new();
let n_tasks = 10;
let token = 2000;
let (mut p, ch1) = Chan::new();
ch1.send((token, end_chan));
let mut i = 2;
while i <= n_tasks {
let (next_p, ch) = Chan::new();
let imm_i = i;
let imm_p = p;
spawn(proc() {
roundtrip(imm_i, n_tasks, &imm_p, &ch);
});
p = next_p;
i += 1;
}
let p = p;
spawn(proc() {
roundtrip(1, n_tasks, &p, &ch1);
});
end_port.recv();
});
fn roundtrip(id: int, n_tasks: int,
p: &Port<(int, Chan<()>)>,
ch: &Chan<(int, Chan<()>)>) {
loop {
match p.recv() {
(1, end_chan) => {
debug!("{}\n", id);
end_chan.send(());
return;
}
(token, end_chan) => {
debug!("thread: {} got token: {}", id, token);
ch.send((token - 1, end_chan));
if token <= n_tasks {
return;
}
}
}
}
}
}
#[test]
fn start_closure_dtor() {
// Regression test that the `start` task entrypoint can
// contain dtors that use task resources
run(proc() {
struct S { field: () }
impl Drop for S {
fn drop(&mut self) {
let _foo = ~0;
}
}
let s = S { field: () };
spawn(proc() {
let _ss = &s;
});
});
}
// FIXME: #9407: ignore-test
#[ignore]
#[test]
fn dont_starve_1() {
let mut pool = SchedPool::new(PoolConfig {
threads: 2, // this must be > 1
event_loop_factory: Some(basic::event_loop),
});
pool.spawn(TaskOpts::new(), proc() {
let (port, chan) = Chan::new();
// This task should not be able to starve the sender;
// The sender should get stolen to another thread.
spawn(proc() {
while port.try_recv() != comm::Data(()) { }
});
chan.send(());
});
pool.shutdown();
}
#[test]
fn dont_starve_2() {
run(proc() {
let (port, chan) = Chan::new();
let (_port2, chan2) = Chan::new();
// This task should not be able to starve the other task.
// The sends should eventually yield.
spawn(proc() {
while port.try_recv() != comm::Data(()) {
chan2.send(());
}
});
chan.send(());
});
}
// Regression test for a logic bug that would cause single-threaded
// schedulers to sleep forever after yielding and stealing another task.
#[test]
fn single_threaded_yield() {
use std::task::deschedule;
run(proc() {
for _ in range(0, 5) { deschedule(); }
});
}
#[test]
fn test_spawn_sched_blocking() {
use std::unstable::mutex::{Mutex, MUTEX_INIT};
static mut LOCK: Mutex = MUTEX_INIT;
// Testing that a task in one scheduler can block in foreign code
// without affecting other schedulers
for _ in range(0, 20) {
let mut pool = pool();
let (start_po, start_ch) = Chan::new();
let (fin_po, fin_ch) = Chan::new();
let mut handle = pool.spawn_sched();
handle.send(PinnedTask(pool.task(TaskOpts::new(), proc() {
unsafe {
let mut guard = LOCK.lock();
start_ch.send(());
guard.wait(); // block the scheduler thread
guard.signal(); // let them know we have the lock
}
fin_ch.send(());
})));
drop(handle);
let mut handle = pool.spawn_sched();
handle.send(PinnedTask(pool.task(TaskOpts::new(), proc() {
// Wait until the other task has its lock
start_po.recv();
fn pingpong(po: &Port<int>, ch: &Chan<int>) {
let mut val = 20;
while val > 0 {
val = po.recv();
ch.try_send(val - 1);
}
}
let (setup_po, setup_ch) = Chan::new();
let (parent_po, parent_ch) = Chan::new();
spawn(proc() {
let (child_po, child_ch) = Chan::new();
setup_ch.send(child_ch);
pingpong(&child_po, &parent_ch);
});
let child_ch = setup_po.recv();
child_ch.send(20);
pingpong(&parent_po, &child_ch);
unsafe {
let mut guard = LOCK.lock();
guard.signal(); // wakeup waiting scheduler
guard.wait(); // wait for them to grab the lock
}
})));
drop(handle);
fin_po.recv();
pool.shutdown();
}
unsafe { LOCK.destroy(); }
}
}