Implement `Sync` for `mpsc::Sender`
`mpsc::Sender` is currently `!Sync` because the previous implementation contained an optimization where the channel started out as single-producer and was dynamically upgraded on the first clone, which relied on a unique reference to the sender. This optimization is one of the main reasons the old implementation was so complex and was removed in #93563. `mpsc::Sender` can now soundly implement `Sync`.
Note for any potential confusion, this chance does *not* add MPMC behavior. This only affects the already `Send + Clone` *sender*, not *receiver*.
It's technically possible to rely on the `!Sync` behavior in the same way as a `PhantomData<*mut T>`, but that seems very unlikely in practice. Either way, this change is insta-stable and needs an FCP.
`@rustbot` label +T-libs-api -T-libs
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