This adds three different representations, copied from the Chalk model:
- `Ty::Projection` is an associated type projection written somewhere in the
code, like `<Foo as Trait>::Bar`.
- `Ty::UnselectedProjection` is similar, but we don't know the trait
yet (`Foo::Bar`).
- The above representations are normalized to their actual types during type
inference. When that isn't possible, for example for `T::Item` inside an `fn
foo<T: Iterator>`, the type is normalized to an application type with
`TypeCtor::AssociatedType`.
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