Stabilize some `ascii_ctype` methods
As discussed in #39658, this PR stabilizes those methods for `u8` and `char`. All inherent `ascii_ctype` for `[u8]` and `str` are removed as we prefer the more explicit version `s.chars().all(|c| c.is_ascii_())`.
This PR doesn't modify the `AsciiExt` trait. There, the `ascii_ctype` methods are still unstable. It is planned to remove those in the future (I think). I had to modify some code in `ascii.rs` to properly implement `AsciiExt` for all types.
Fixes#39658.
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