Stabilize `const_caller_location` and `const_location_fields`
Closes #102911. Closes #76156.
tests: [library/core/tests/panic/location.rs](3521a2f2f3/library/core/tests/panic/location.rs
)
API:
```rust
// core::panic::location
impl Location {
pub const fn caller() -> &'static Location<'static>;
pub const fn file(&self) -> &str;
pub const fn line(&self) -> u32;
pub const fn column(&self) -> u32;
}
```