rust/src/librustc/middle/kind.rs
Alex Crichton 17459d0bd3 rustc: Purge of HashMap, fixing segfaulting cases
Various FIXME comments added around to denote copies which when removed cause
the compiler to segfault at some point before stage2. None of these copies
should even be necessary.
2013-03-26 19:21:04 -04:00

572 lines
20 KiB
Rust

// Copyright 2012 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
// except according to those terms.
use core::prelude::*;
use middle::freevars::freevar_entry;
use middle::freevars;
use middle::liveness;
use middle::pat_util;
use middle::ty;
use middle::typeck;
use util::ppaux::{ty_to_str, tys_to_str};
use syntax::ast::*;
use syntax::attr::attrs_contains_name;
use syntax::codemap::{span, spanned};
use syntax::print::pprust::expr_to_str;
use syntax::{visit, ast_util};
// Kind analysis pass.
//
// There are several kinds defined by various operations. The most restrictive
// kind is noncopyable. The noncopyable kind can be extended with any number
// of the following attributes.
//
// send: Things that can be sent on channels or included in spawned closures.
// copy: Things that can be copied.
// const: Things thare are deeply immutable. They are guaranteed never to
// change, and can be safely shared without copying between tasks.
// owned: Things that do not contain borrowed pointers.
//
// Send includes scalar types as well as classes and unique types containing
// only sendable types.
//
// Copy includes boxes, closure and unique types containing copyable types.
//
// Const include scalar types, things without non-const fields, and pointers
// to const things.
//
// This pass ensures that type parameters are only instantiated with types
// whose kinds are equal or less general than the way the type parameter was
// annotated (with the `send`, `copy` or `const` keyword).
//
// It also verifies that noncopyable kinds are not copied. Sendability is not
// applied, since none of our language primitives send. Instead, the sending
// primitives in the stdlib are explicitly annotated to only take sendable
// types.
pub static try_adding: &'static str = "Try adding a move";
pub struct Context {
tcx: ty::ctxt,
method_map: typeck::method_map,
last_use_map: liveness::last_use_map,
current_item: node_id,
}
pub fn check_crate(tcx: ty::ctxt,
method_map: typeck::method_map,
last_use_map: liveness::last_use_map,
crate: @crate) {
let ctx = Context {
tcx: tcx,
method_map: method_map,
last_use_map: last_use_map,
current_item: -1,
};
let visit = visit::mk_vt(@visit::Visitor {
visit_arm: check_arm,
visit_expr: check_expr,
visit_fn: check_fn,
visit_ty: check_ty,
visit_item: check_item,
visit_block: check_block,
.. *visit::default_visitor()
});
visit::visit_crate(*crate, ctx, visit);
tcx.sess.abort_if_errors();
}
type check_fn = @fn(Context, @freevar_entry);
fn check_struct_safe_for_destructor(cx: Context,
span: span,
struct_did: def_id) {
let struct_tpt = ty::lookup_item_type(cx.tcx, struct_did);
if struct_tpt.bounds.len() == 0 {
let struct_ty = ty::mk_struct(cx.tcx, struct_did, ty::substs {
self_r: None,
self_ty: None,
tps: ~[]
});
if !ty::type_is_owned(cx.tcx, struct_ty) {
cx.tcx.sess.span_err(span,
~"cannot implement a destructor on a struct \
that is not Owned");
cx.tcx.sess.span_note(span,
~"use \"#[unsafe_destructor]\" on the \
implementation to force the compiler to \
allow this");
}
} else {
cx.tcx.sess.span_err(span,
~"cannot implement a destructor on a struct \
with type parameters");
cx.tcx.sess.span_note(span,
~"use \"#[unsafe_destructor]\" on the \
implementation to force the compiler to \
allow this");
}
}
fn check_block(block: &blk, cx: Context, visitor: visit::vt<Context>) {
visit::visit_block(block, cx, visitor);
}
fn check_item(item: @item, cx: Context, visitor: visit::vt<Context>) {
// If this is a destructor, check kinds.
if !attrs_contains_name(item.attrs, "unsafe_destructor") {
match item.node {
item_impl(_, Some(trait_ref), self_type, _) => {
match cx.tcx.def_map.find(&trait_ref.ref_id) {
None => cx.tcx.sess.bug(~"trait ref not in def map!"),
Some(&trait_def) => {
let trait_def_id = ast_util::def_id_of_def(trait_def);
if cx.tcx.lang_items.drop_trait() == trait_def_id {
// Yes, it's a destructor.
match self_type.node {
ty_path(_, path_node_id) => {
let struct_def = *cx.tcx.def_map.get(
&path_node_id);
let struct_did =
ast_util::def_id_of_def(struct_def);
check_struct_safe_for_destructor(
cx,
self_type.span,
struct_did);
}
_ => {
cx.tcx.sess.span_bug(self_type.span,
~"the self type for \
the Drop trait \
impl is not a \
path");
}
}
}
}
}
}
item_struct(struct_def, _) => {
match struct_def.dtor {
None => {}
Some(ref dtor) => {
let struct_did = def_id { crate: 0, node: item.id };
check_struct_safe_for_destructor(cx,
dtor.span,
struct_did);
}
}
}
_ => {}
}
}
let cx = Context { current_item: item.id, ..cx };
visit::visit_item(item, cx, visitor);
}
// Yields the appropriate function to check the kind of closed over
// variables. `id` is the node_id for some expression that creates the
// closure.
fn with_appropriate_checker(cx: Context, id: node_id, b: &fn(check_fn)) {
fn check_for_uniq(cx: Context, fv: @freevar_entry) {
// all captured data must be owned, regardless of whether it is
// moved in or copied in.
let id = ast_util::def_id_of_def(fv.def).node;
let var_t = ty::node_id_to_type(cx.tcx, id);
if !check_owned(cx, var_t, fv.span) { return; }
// check that only immutable variables are implicitly copied in
check_imm_free_var(cx, fv.def, fv.span);
}
fn check_for_box(cx: Context, fv: @freevar_entry) {
// all captured data must be owned
let id = ast_util::def_id_of_def(fv.def).node;
let var_t = ty::node_id_to_type(cx.tcx, id);
if !check_durable(cx.tcx, var_t, fv.span) { return; }
// check that only immutable variables are implicitly copied in
check_imm_free_var(cx, fv.def, fv.span);
}
fn check_for_block(_cx: Context, _fv: @freevar_entry) {
// no restrictions
}
fn check_for_bare(cx: Context, fv: @freevar_entry) {
cx.tcx.sess.span_err(
fv.span,
~"attempted dynamic environment capture");
}
let fty = ty::node_id_to_type(cx.tcx, id);
match ty::get(fty).sty {
ty::ty_closure(ty::ClosureTy {sigil: OwnedSigil, _}) => {
b(check_for_uniq)
}
ty::ty_closure(ty::ClosureTy {sigil: ManagedSigil, _}) => {
b(check_for_box)
}
ty::ty_closure(ty::ClosureTy {sigil: BorrowedSigil, _}) => {
b(check_for_block)
}
ty::ty_bare_fn(_) => {
b(check_for_bare)
}
ref s => {
cx.tcx.sess.bug(
fmt!("expect fn type in kind checker, not %?", s));
}
}
}
// Check that the free variables used in a shared/sendable closure conform
// to the copy/move kind bounds. Then recursively check the function body.
fn check_fn(
fk: &visit::fn_kind,
decl: &fn_decl,
body: &blk,
sp: span,
fn_id: node_id,
cx: Context,
v: visit::vt<Context>) {
// Check kinds on free variables:
do with_appropriate_checker(cx, fn_id) |chk| {
for vec::each(*freevars::get_freevars(cx.tcx, fn_id)) |fv| {
chk(cx, *fv);
}
}
visit::visit_fn(fk, decl, body, sp, fn_id, cx, v);
}
fn check_arm(a: &arm, cx: Context, v: visit::vt<Context>) {
for vec::each(a.pats) |p| {
do pat_util::pat_bindings(cx.tcx.def_map, *p) |mode, id, span, _pth| {
if mode == bind_by_copy {
let t = ty::node_id_to_type(cx.tcx, id);
let reason = "consider binding with `ref` or `move` instead";
check_copy(cx, t, span, reason);
}
}
}
visit::visit_arm(a, cx, v);
}
pub fn check_expr(e: @expr, cx: Context, v: visit::vt<Context>) {
debug!("kind::check_expr(%s)", expr_to_str(e, cx.tcx.sess.intr()));
// Handle any kind bounds on type parameters
let type_parameter_id = match e.node {
expr_index(*)|expr_assign_op(*)|
expr_unary(*)|expr_binary(*)|expr_method_call(*) => e.callee_id,
_ => e.id
};
for cx.tcx.node_type_substs.find(&type_parameter_id).each |ts| {
// FIXME(#5562): removing this copy causes a segfault before stage2
let ts = /*bad*/ copy **ts;
let bounds = match e.node {
expr_path(_) => {
let did = ast_util::def_id_of_def(*cx.tcx.def_map.get(&e.id));
ty::lookup_item_type(cx.tcx, did).bounds
}
_ => {
// Type substitutions should only occur on paths and
// method calls, so this needs to be a method call.
// Even though the callee_id may have been the id with
// node_type_substs, e.id is correct here.
ty::method_call_bounds(cx.tcx, cx.method_map, e.id).expect(
~"non path/method call expr has type substs??")
}
};
if ts.len() != bounds.len() {
// Fail earlier to make debugging easier
fail!(fmt!("internal error: in kind::check_expr, length \
mismatch between actual and declared bounds: actual = \
%s (%u tys), declared = %? (%u tys)",
tys_to_str(cx.tcx, ts), ts.len(),
*bounds, bounds.len()));
}
for vec::each2(ts, *bounds) |ty, bound| {
check_bounds(cx, type_parameter_id, e.span, *ty, *bound)
}
}
match e.node {
expr_cast(source, _) => {
check_cast_for_escaping_regions(cx, source, e);
check_kind_bounds_of_cast(cx, source, e);
}
expr_copy(expr) => {
// Note: This is the only place where we must check whether the
// argument is copyable. This is not because this is the only
// kind of expression that may copy things, but rather because all
// other copies will have been converted to moves by by the
// `moves` pass if the value is not copyable.
check_copy(cx,
ty::expr_ty(cx.tcx, expr),
expr.span,
"explicit copy requires a copyable argument");
}
expr_repeat(element, count_expr, _) => {
let count = ty::eval_repeat_count(cx.tcx, count_expr);
if count > 1 {
let element_ty = ty::expr_ty(cx.tcx, element);
check_copy(cx, element_ty, element.span,
"repeated element will be copied");
}
}
_ => {}
}
visit::visit_expr(e, cx, v);
}
fn check_ty(aty: @Ty, cx: Context, v: visit::vt<Context>) {
match aty.node {
ty_path(_, id) => {
for cx.tcx.node_type_substs.find(&id).each |ts| {
// FIXME(#5562): removing this copy causes a segfault before stage2
let ts = /*bad*/ copy **ts;
let did = ast_util::def_id_of_def(*cx.tcx.def_map.get(&id));
let bounds = ty::lookup_item_type(cx.tcx, did).bounds;
for vec::each2(ts, *bounds) |ty, bound| {
check_bounds(cx, aty.id, aty.span, *ty, *bound)
}
}
}
_ => {}
}
visit::visit_ty(aty, cx, v);
}
pub fn check_bounds(cx: Context,
_type_parameter_id: node_id,
sp: span,
ty: ty::t,
bounds: ty::param_bounds)
{
let kind = ty::type_contents(cx.tcx, ty);
let mut missing = ~[];
for bounds.each |bound| {
match *bound {
ty::bound_trait(_) => {
/* Not our job, checking in typeck */
}
ty::bound_copy => {
if !kind.is_copy(cx.tcx) {
missing.push("Copy");
}
}
ty::bound_durable => {
if !kind.is_durable(cx.tcx) {
missing.push("'static");
}
}
ty::bound_owned => {
if !kind.is_owned(cx.tcx) {
missing.push("Owned");
}
}
ty::bound_const => {
if !kind.is_const(cx.tcx) {
missing.push("Const");
}
}
}
}
if !missing.is_empty() {
cx.tcx.sess.span_err(
sp,
fmt!("instantiating a type parameter with an incompatible type \
`%s`, which does not fulfill `%s`",
ty_to_str(cx.tcx, ty),
str::connect_slices(missing, " ")));
}
}
fn is_nullary_variant(cx: Context, ex: @expr) -> bool {
match ex.node {
expr_path(_) => {
match *cx.tcx.def_map.get(&ex.id) {
def_variant(edid, vdid) => {
vec::len(ty::enum_variant_with_id(cx.tcx, edid, vdid).args) == 0u
}
_ => false
}
}
_ => false
}
}
fn check_imm_free_var(cx: Context, def: def, sp: span) {
match def {
def_local(_, is_mutbl) => {
if is_mutbl {
cx.tcx.sess.span_err(
sp,
~"mutable variables cannot be implicitly captured");
}
}
def_arg(*) => { /* ok */ }
def_upvar(_, def1, _, _) => { check_imm_free_var(cx, *def1, sp); }
def_binding(*) | def_self(*) => { /*ok*/ }
_ => {
cx.tcx.sess.span_bug(
sp,
fmt!("unknown def for free variable: %?", def));
}
}
}
fn check_copy(cx: Context, ty: ty::t, sp: span, reason: &str) {
debug!("type_contents(%s)=%s",
ty_to_str(cx.tcx, ty),
ty::type_contents(cx.tcx, ty).to_str());
if !ty::type_is_copyable(cx.tcx, ty) {
cx.tcx.sess.span_err(
sp, fmt!("copying a value of non-copyable type `%s`",
ty_to_str(cx.tcx, ty)));
cx.tcx.sess.span_note(sp, fmt!("%s", reason));
}
}
pub fn check_owned(cx: Context, ty: ty::t, sp: span) -> bool {
if !ty::type_is_owned(cx.tcx, ty) {
cx.tcx.sess.span_err(
sp, fmt!("value has non-owned type `%s`",
ty_to_str(cx.tcx, ty)));
false
} else {
true
}
}
// note: also used from middle::typeck::regionck!
pub fn check_durable(tcx: ty::ctxt, ty: ty::t, sp: span) -> bool {
if !ty::type_is_durable(tcx, ty) {
match ty::get(ty).sty {
ty::ty_param(*) => {
tcx.sess.span_err(sp, ~"value may contain borrowed \
pointers; use `'static` bound");
}
_ => {
tcx.sess.span_err(sp, ~"value may contain borrowed \
pointers");
}
}
false
} else {
true
}
}
/// This is rather subtle. When we are casting a value to a
/// instantiated trait like `a as trait<'r>`, regionck already ensures
/// that any borrowed pointers that appear in the type of `a` are
/// bounded by `&r`. However, it is possible that there are *type
/// parameters* in the type of `a`, and those *type parameters* may
/// have borrowed pointers within them. We have to guarantee that the
/// regions which appear in those type parameters are not obscured.
///
/// Therefore, we ensure that one of three conditions holds:
///
/// (1) The trait instance cannot escape the current fn. This is
/// guaranteed if the region bound `&r` is some scope within the fn
/// itself. This case is safe because whatever borrowed pointers are
/// found within the type parameter, they must enclose the fn body
/// itself.
///
/// (2) The type parameter appears in the type of the trait. For
/// example, if the type parameter is `T` and the trait type is
/// `deque<T>`, then whatever borrowed ptrs may appear in `T` also
/// appear in `deque<T>`.
///
/// (3) The type parameter is owned (and therefore does not contain
/// borrowed ptrs).
pub fn check_cast_for_escaping_regions(
cx: Context,
source: @expr,
target: @expr)
{
// Determine what type we are casting to; if it is not an trait, then no
// worries.
let target_ty = ty::expr_ty(cx.tcx, target);
let target_substs = match ty::get(target_ty).sty {
ty::ty_trait(_, ref substs, _) => {(/*bad*/copy *substs)}
_ => { return; /* not a cast to a trait */ }
};
// Check, based on the region associated with the trait, whether it can
// possibly escape the enclosing fn item (note that all type parameters
// must have been declared on the enclosing fn item):
match target_substs.self_r {
Some(ty::re_scope(*)) => { return; /* case (1) */ }
None | Some(ty::re_static) | Some(ty::re_free(*)) => {}
Some(ty::re_bound(*)) | Some(ty::re_infer(*)) => {
cx.tcx.sess.span_bug(
source.span,
fmt!("bad region found in kind: %?", target_substs.self_r));
}
}
// Assuming the trait instance can escape, then ensure that each parameter
// either appears in the trait type or is owned:
let target_params = ty::param_tys_in_type(target_ty);
let source_ty = ty::expr_ty(cx.tcx, source);
do ty::walk_ty(source_ty) |ty| {
match ty::get(ty).sty {
ty::ty_param(source_param) => {
if target_params.contains(&source_param) {
/* case (2) */
} else {
check_durable(cx.tcx, ty, source.span); /* case (3) */
}
}
_ => {}
}
}
}
/// Ensures that values placed into a ~Trait are copyable and sendable.
pub fn check_kind_bounds_of_cast(cx: Context, source: @expr, target: @expr) {
let target_ty = ty::expr_ty(cx.tcx, target);
match ty::get(target_ty).sty {
ty::ty_trait(_, _, ty::UniqTraitStore) => {
let source_ty = ty::expr_ty(cx.tcx, source);
if !ty::type_is_owned(cx.tcx, source_ty) {
cx.tcx.sess.span_err(
target.span,
~"uniquely-owned trait objects must be sendable");
}
}
_ => {} // Nothing to do.
}
}
//
// Local Variables:
// mode: rust
// fill-column: 78;
// indent-tabs-mode: nil
// c-basic-offset: 4
// buffer-file-coding-system: utf-8-unix
// End:
//