//@ edition:2018 //@ check-pass trait Trait<'a, 'b> {} impl Trait<'_, '_> for T {} // `Invert<'a> <: Invert<'b>` if `'b: 'a`, unlike most types. // // I am purposefully avoiding the terms co- and contra-variant because // their application to regions depends on how you interpreted Rust // regions. -nikomatsakis struct Invert<'a>(fn(&'a u8)); fn upper_bounds<'a, 'b, 'c, 'd, 'e>(a: Invert<'a>, b: Invert<'b>) -> impl Trait<'d, 'e> where 'c: 'a, 'c: 'b, 'd: 'c, { // Representing the where clauses as a graph, where `A: B` is an // edge `B -> A`: // // ``` // 'a -> 'c -> 'd // ^ // | // 'b // ``` // // Meanwhile we return a value &'0 u8 where we have the constraints: // // ``` // '0: 'a // '0: 'b // '0 in ['d, 'e] // ``` // // Here, ignoring the "in" constraint, the minimal choice for `'0` // is `'c`, but that is not in the "in set". Still, that reduces // the range of options in the "in set" to just `'d` (`'e: 'c` // does not hold). let p = if condition() { a } else { b }; p } fn condition() -> bool { true } fn main() {}