Introduce an ArchiveBuilderBuilder
This avoids monomorphizing all linker code for each codegen backend and will allow passing in extra information to the archive builder from the codegen backend. I'm going to use this in https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/97485 to allow passing in the right function to extract symbols from object files to a generic archive builder to be used by cg_llvm, cg_clif and cg_gcc.
This avoids monomorphizing all linker code for each codegen backend and
will allow passing in extra information to the archive builder from the
codegen backend.
codegen: use new {re,de,}allocator annotations in llvm
This obviates the patch that teaches LLVM internals about
_rust_{re,de}alloc functions by putting annotations directly in the IR
for the optimizer.
The sole test change is required to anchor FileCheck to the body of the
`box_uninitialized` method, so it doesn't see the `allocalign` on
`__rust_alloc` and get mad about the string `alloca` showing up. Since I
was there anyway, I added some checks on the attributes to prove the
right attributes got set.
r? `@nikic`
This obviates the patch that teaches LLVM internals about
_rust_{re,de}alloc functions by putting annotations directly in the IR
for the optimizer.
The sole test change is required to anchor FileCheck to the body of the
`box_uninitialized` method, so it doesn't see the `allocalign` on
`__rust_alloc` and get mad about the string `alloca` showing up. Since I
was there anyway, I added some checks on the attributes to prove the
right attributes got set.
While we're here, we also emit allocator attributes on
__rust_alloc_zeroed. This should allow LLVM to perform more
optimizations for zeroed blocks, and probably fixes#90032. [This
comment](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/24194#issuecomment-308791157)
mentions "weird UB-like behaviour with bitvec iterators in
rustc_data_structures" so we may need to back this change out if things
go wrong.
The new test cases require LLVM 15, so we copy them into LLVM
14-supporting versions, which we can delete when we drop LLVM 14.
Enable raw-dylib for bin crates
Fixes#93842
When `raw-dylib` is used in a `bin` crate, we need to collect all of the `raw-dylib` functions, generate the import library and add that to the linker command line.
I also changed the tests so that 1) the C++ dlls are created after the Rust dlls, thus there is no chance of accidentally using them in the Rust linking process and 2) disabled generating import libraries when building with MSVC.
Add fine-grained LLVM CFI support to the Rust compiler
This PR improves the LLVM Control Flow Integrity (CFI) support in the Rust compiler by providing forward-edge control flow protection for Rust-compiled code only by aggregating function pointers in groups identified by their return and parameter types.
Forward-edge control flow protection for C or C++ and Rust -compiled code "mixed binaries" (i.e., for when C or C++ and Rust -compiled code share the same virtual address space) will be provided in later work as part of this project by identifying C char and integer type uses at the time types are encoded (see Type metadata in the design document in the tracking issue https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/89653).
LLVM CFI can be enabled with -Zsanitizer=cfi and requires LTO (i.e., -Clto).
Thank you again, `@eddyb,` `@nagisa,` `@pcc,` and `@tmiasko` for all the help!
Add support for LLVM ShadowCallStack.
LLVMs ShadowCallStack provides backward edge control flow integrity protection by using a separate shadow stack to store and retrieve a function's return address.
LLVM currently only supports this for AArch64 targets. The x18 register is used to hold the pointer to the shadow stack, and therefore this only works on ABIs which reserve x18. Further details are available in the [LLVM ShadowCallStack](https://clang.llvm.org/docs/ShadowCallStack.html) docs.
# Usage
`-Zsanitizer=shadow-call-stack`
# Comments/Caveats
* Currently only enabled for the aarch64-linux-android target
* Requires the platform to define a runtime to initialize the shadow stack, see the [LLVM docs](https://clang.llvm.org/docs/ShadowCallStack.html) for more detail.
This commit improves the LLVM Control Flow Integrity (CFI) support in
the Rust compiler by providing forward-edge control flow protection for
Rust-compiled code only by aggregating function pointers in groups
identified by their return and parameter types.
Forward-edge control flow protection for C or C++ and Rust -compiled
code "mixed binaries" (i.e., for when C or C++ and Rust -compiled code
share the same virtual address space) will be provided in later work as
part of this project by identifying C char and integer type uses at the
time types are encoded (see Type metadata in the design document in the
tracking issue #89653).
LLVM CFI can be enabled with -Zsanitizer=cfi and requires LTO (i.e.,
-Clto).
make vtable pointers entirely opaque
This implements the scheme discussed in https://github.com/rust-lang/unsafe-code-guidelines/issues/338: vtable pointers should be considered entirely opaque and not even readable by Rust code, similar to function pointers.
- We have a new kind of `GlobalAlloc` that symbolically refers to a vtable.
- Miri uses that kind of allocation when generating a vtable.
- The codegen backends, upon encountering such an allocation, call `vtable_allocation` to obtain an actually dataful allocation for this vtable.
- We need new intrinsics to obtain the size and align from a vtable (for some `ptr::metadata` APIs), since direct accesses are UB now.
I had to touch quite a bit of code that I am not very familiar with, so some of this might not make much sense...
r? `@oli-obk`
Allow to disable thinLTO buffer to support lto-embed-bitcode lld feature
Hello
This change is to fix issue (https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/84395) in which passing "-lto-embed-bitcode=optimized" to lld when linking rust code via linker-plugin-lto doesn't produce the expected result.
Instead of emitting a single unified module into a llvmbc section of the linked elf, it emits multiple submodules.
This is caused because rustc emits the BC modules after running llvm `createWriteThinLTOBitcodePass` pass.
Which in turn triggers a thinLTO linkage and causes the said issue.
This patch allows via compiler flag (-Cemit-thin-lto=<bool>) to select between running `createWriteThinLTOBitcodePass` and `createBitcodeWriterPass`.
Note this pattern of selecting between those 2 passes is common inside of LLVM code.
The default is to match the old behavior.
Only compile #[used] as llvm.compiler.used for ELF targets
This returns `#[used]` to how it worked prior to the LLVM 13 update. The intention is not that this is a stable promise.
I'll add tests later today. The tests will test things that we don't actually promise, though.
It's a deliberately small patch, mostly comments. And assuming it's reviewed and lands in time, IMO it should at least be considered for uplifting to beta (so that it can be in 1.59), as the change broke many crates in the ecosystem, even if they are relying on behavior that is not guaranteed.
# Background
LLVM has two ways of preventing removal of an unused variable: `llvm.compiler.used`, which must be present in object files, but allows the linker to remove the value, and `llvm.used` which is supposed to apply to the linker as well, if possible.
Prior to LLVM 13, `llvm.used` and `llvm.compiler.used` were the same on ELF targets, although they were different elsewhere. Prior to our update to LLVM 13, we compiled `#[used]` using `llvm.used` unconditionally, even though we only ever promised behavior like `llvm.compiler.used`.
In LLVM 13, ELF targets gained some support for preventing linker removal of `llvm.used` via the SHF_RETAIN section flag. This has some compatibility issues though: Concretely: some older versions `ld.gold` (specifically ones prior to v2.36, released in Jan 2021) had a bug where it would fail to place a `#[used] #[link_section = ".init_array"]` static in between `__init_array_start`/`__init_array_end`, leading to code that does this failing to run a static constructor. This is technically not a thing we guarantee will work, is a common use case, and is needed in `libstd` (for example, to get access to `std::env::args()` even if Rust does not control `main`, such as when in a `cdylib` crate).
As a result, when updating to LLVM 13, we unconditionally switched to using `llvm.compiler.used`, which mirror the guarantees we make for `#[used]` and doesn't require the latest ld.gold. Unfortunately, this happened to break quite a bit of things in the ecosystem, as non-ELF targets had come to rely on `#[used]` being slightly stronger. In particular, there are cases where it will even break static constructors on these targets[^initinit] (and in fact, breaks way more use cases, as Mach-O uses special sections as an interface to the OS/linker/loader in many places).
As a result, we only switch to `llvm.compiler.used` on ELF[^elfish] targets. The rationale here is:
1. It is (hopefully) identical to the semantics we used prior to the LLVM13 update as prior to that update we unconditionally used `llvm.used`, but on ELF `llvm.used` was the same as `llvm.compiler.used`.
2. It seems to be how Clang compiles this, and given that they have similar (but stronger) compatibility promises, that makes sense.
[^initinit]: For Mach-O targets: It is not always guaranteed that `__DATA,__mod_init_func` is a GC root if it does not have the `S_MOD_INIT_FUNC_POINTERS` flag which we cannot add. In most cases, when ld64 transformed this section into `__DATA_CONST,__mod_init_func` it gets applied, but it's not clear that that is intentional (let alone guaranteed), and the logic is complex enough that it probably happens sometimes, and people in the wild report it occurring.
[^elfish]: Actually, there's not a great way to tell if it's ELF, so I've approximated it.
This is pretty ad-hoc and hacky! We probably should have a firmer set of guarantees here, but this change should relax the pressure on coming up with that considerably, returning it to previous levels.
---
Unsure who should review so leaving it open, but for sure CC `@nikic`
Remove branch target prologues from `#[naked] fn`
This patch hacks around rust-lang/rust#98768 for now via injecting appropriate attributes into the LLVMIR we emit for naked functions. I intend to pursue this upstream so that these attributes can be removed in general, but it's slow going wading through C++ for me.
Revert "Work around invalid DWARF bugs for fat LTO"
Since September, the toolchain has not been generating reliable DWARF
information for static variables when LTO is on. This has affected
projects in the embedded space where the use of LTO is typical. In our
case, it has kept us from bumping past the 2021-09-22 nightly toolchain
lest our debugger break. This has been a pretty dramatic regression for
people using debuggers and static variables. See #90357 for more info
and a repro case.
This commit is a mechanical revert of
d5de680e20 from PR #89041, which caused
the issue. (Note on that PR that the commit's author has requested it be
reverted.)
I have locally verified that this fixes#90357 by restoring the
functionality of both the repro case I posted on that bug, and debugger
behavior on real programs. There do not appear to be test cases for this
in the toolchain; if I've missed them, point me at 'em and I'll update
them.
Adding the option to control from rustc CLI
if the resulted ".o" bitcode module files are with
thinLTO info or regular LTO info.
Allows using "-lto-embed-bitcode=optimized" during linkage
correctly.
Signed-off-by: Ziv Dunkelman <ziv.dunkelman@nextsilicon.com>
Keep unstable target features for asm feature checking
Inline assembly uses the target features to determine which registers
are available on the current target. However it needs to be able to
access unstable target features for this.
Fixes#99071
Inline assembly uses the target features to determine which registers
are available on the current target. However it needs to be able to
access unstable target features for this.
Fixes#99071
There are several indications that we should not ZST as a ScalarInt:
- We had two ways to have ZST valtrees, either an empty `Branch` or a `Leaf` with a ZST in it.
`ValTree::zst()` used the former, but the latter could possibly arise as well.
- Likewise, the interpreter had `Immediate::Uninit` and `Immediate::Scalar(Scalar::ZST)`.
- LLVM codegen already had to special-case ZST ScalarInt.
So instead add new ZST variants to those types that did not have other variants
which could be used for this purpose.
DWARF version 5 brings a number of improvements over version 4. Quoting from
the announcement [1]:
> Version 5 incorporates improvements in many areas: better data compression,
> separation of debugging data from executable files, improved description of
> macros and source files, faster searching for symbols, improved debugging
> optimized code, as well as numerous improvements in functionality and
> performance.
On platforms where DWARF version 5 is supported (Linux, primarily), this commit
adds support for it behind a new `-Z dwarf-version=5` flag.
[1]: https://dwarfstd.org/Public_Review.php
Use less string interning
This removes string interning in a couple of places where doing so won't result in perf improvements. I also switched one place to use pre-interned symbols.
Change enum->int casts to not go through MIR casts.
follow-up to https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/96814
this simplifies all backends and even gives LLVM more information about the return value of `Rvalue::Discriminant`, enabling optimizations in more cases.
Work around llvm 12's memory ordering restrictions.
Older llvm has the pre-C++17 restriction on success and failure memory ordering, requiring the former to be at least as strong as the latter. So, for llvm 12, this upgrades the success ordering to a stronger one if necessary.
See https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/68464
rustc_target: Remove some redundant target properties
`is_like_emscripten` is equivalent to `os == "emscripten"`, so it's removed.
`is_like_fuchsia` is equivalent to `os == "fuchsia"`, so it's removed.
`is_like_osx` also falls into the same category and is equivalent to `vendor == "apple"`, but it's commonly used so I kept it as is for now.
`is_like_(solaris,windows,wasm)` are combinations of different operating systems or architectures (see compiler/rustc_target/src/spec/tests/tests_impl.rs) so they are also kept as is.
I think `is_like_wasm` (and maybe `is_like_osx`) are sufficiently closed sets, so we can remove these fields as well and replace them with methods like `fn is_like_wasm() { arch == "wasm32" || arch == "wasm64" }`.
On other hand, `is_like_solaris` and `is_like_windows` are sufficiently open and I can imagine custom targets introducing other values for `os`.
This is kind of a gray area.
Older llvm has the pre-C++17 restriction on success and failure memory
ordering, requiring the former to be at least as strong as the latter.
So, for llvm 12, this upgrades the success ordering to a stronger one if
necessary.
Remove the source archive functionality of ArchiveWriter
We now build archives through strictly additive means rather than taking an existing archive and potentially substracting parts. This is simpler and makes it easier to swap out the archive writer in https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/97485.
once cell renamings
This PR does the renamings proposed in https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/74465#issuecomment-1153703128
- Move/rename `lazy::{OnceCell, Lazy}` to `cell::{OnceCell, LazyCell}`
- Move/rename `lazy::{SyncOnceCell, SyncLazy}` to `sync::{OnceLock, LazyLock}`
(I used `Lazy...` instead of `...Lazy` as it seems to be more consistent, easier to pronounce, etc)
```@rustbot``` label +T-libs-api -T-libs
Support lint expectations for `--force-warn` lints (RFC 2383)
Rustc has a `--force-warn` flag, which overrides lint level attributes and forces the diagnostics to always be warn. This means, that for lint expectations, the diagnostic can't be suppressed as usual. This also means that the expectation would not be fulfilled, even if a lint had been triggered in the expected scope.
This PR now also tracks the expectation ID in the `ForceWarn` level. I've also made some minor adjustments, to possibly catch more bugs and make the whole implementation more robust.
This will probably conflict with https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/97718. That PR should ideally be reviewed and merged first. The conflict itself will be trivial to fix.
---
r? `@wesleywiser`
cc: `@flip1995` since you've helped with the initial review and also discussed this topic with me. 🙃
Follow-up of: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/87835
Issue: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/85549
Yeah, and that's it.
This adds the typeid and `vcall_visibility` metadata to vtables when the
-Cvirtual-function-elimination flag is set.
The typeid is generated in the same way as for the
`llvm.type.checked.load` intrinsic from the trait_ref.
The offset that is added to the typeid is always 0. This is because LLVM
assumes that vtables are constructed according to the definition in the
Itanium ABI. This includes an "address point" of the vtable. In C++ this
is the offset in the vtable where information for RTTI is placed. Since
there is no RTTI information in Rust's vtables, this "address point" is
always 0. This "address point" in combination with the offset passed to
the `llvm.type.checked.load` intrinsic determines the final function
that should be loaded from the vtable in the
`WholeProgramDevirtualization` pass in LLVM. That's why the
`llvm.type.checked.load` intrinsics are generated with the typeid of the
trait, rather than with that of the function that is called. This
matches what `clang` does for C++.
The vcall_visibility metadata depends on three factors:
1. LTO level: Currently this is always fat LTO, because LLVM only
supports this optimization with fat LTO.
2. Visibility of the trait: If the trait is publicly visible, VFE
can only act on its vtables after linking.
3. Number of CGUs: if there is more than one CGU, also vtables with
restricted visibility could be seen outside of the CGU, so VFE can
only act on them after linking.
To reflect this, there are three visibility levels: Public, LinkageUnit,
and TranslationUnit.
Add the intrinsic
declare {i8*, i1} @llvm.type.checked.load(i8* %ptr, i32 %offset, metadata %type)
This is used in the VFE optimization when lowering loading functions
from vtables to LLVM IR. The `metadata` is used to map the function to
all vtables this function could belong to. This ensures that functions
from vtables that might be used somewhere won't get removed.
To apply the optimization the `Virtual Function Elim` module flag has to
be set. To apply this optimization post-link the `LTOPostLink` module
flag has to be set.
Add Apple WatchOS compile targets
Hello,
I would like to add the following target triples for Apple WatchOS as Tier 3 platforms:
armv7k-apple-watchos
arm64_32-apple-watchos
x86_64-apple-watchos-sim
There are some pre-requisites Pull Requests:
https://github.com/rust-lang/compiler-builtins/pull/456 (merged)
https://github.com/alexcrichton/cc-rs/pull/662 (pending)
https://github.com/rust-lang/libc/pull/2717 (merged)
There will be a subsequent PR with standard library changes for WatchOS. Previous compiler and library changes were in a single PR (https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/94736) which is now closed in favour of separate PRs.
Many thanks!
Vlad.
### Tier 3 Target Requirements
Adds support for Apple WatchOS compile targets.
Below are details on how this target meets the requirements for tier 3:
> tier 3 target must have a designated developer or developers (the "target maintainers") on record to be CCed when issues arise regarding the target. (The mechanism to track and CC such developers may evolve over time.)
`@deg4uss3r` has volunteered to be the target maintainer. I am also happy to help if a second maintainer is required.
> Targets must use naming consistent with any existing targets; for instance, a target for the same CPU or OS as an existing Rust target should use the same name for that CPU or OS. Targets should normally use the same names and naming conventions as used elsewhere in the broader ecosystem beyond Rust (such as in other toolchains), unless they have a very good reason to diverge. Changing the name of a target can be highly disruptive, especially once the target reaches a higher tier, so getting the name right is important even for a tier 3 target.
Uses the same naming as the LLVM target, and the same convention as other Apple targets.
> Target names should not introduce undue confusion or ambiguity unless absolutely necessary to maintain ecosystem compatibility. For example, if the name of the target makes people extremely likely to form incorrect beliefs about what it targets, the name should be changed or augmented to disambiguate it.
I don't believe there is any ambiguity here.
> Tier 3 targets may have unusual requirements to build or use, but must not create legal issues or impose onerous legal terms for the Rust project or for Rust developers or users.
I don't see any legal issues here.
> The target must not introduce license incompatibilities.
> Anything added to the Rust repository must be under the standard Rust license (MIT OR Apache-2.0).
> The target must not cause the Rust tools or libraries built for any other host (even when supporting cross-compilation to the target) to depend on any new dependency less permissive than the Rust licensing policy. This applies whether the dependency is a Rust crate that would require adding new license exceptions (as specified by the tidy tool in the rust-lang/rust repository), or whether the dependency is a native library or binary. In other words, the introduction of the target must not cause a user installing or running a version of Rust or the Rust tools to be subject to any new license requirements.
> If the target supports building host tools (such as rustc or cargo), those host tools must not depend on proprietary (non-FOSS) libraries, other than ordinary runtime libraries supplied by the platform and commonly used by other binaries built for the target. For instance, rustc built for the target may depend on a common proprietary C runtime library or console output library, but must not depend on a proprietary code generation library or code optimization library. Rust's license permits such combinations, but the Rust project has no interest in maintaining such combinations within the scope of Rust itself, even at tier 3.
> Targets should not require proprietary (non-FOSS) components to link a functional binary or library.
> "onerous" here is an intentionally subjective term. At a minimum, "onerous" legal/licensing terms include but are not limited to: non-disclosure requirements, non-compete requirements, contributor license agreements (CLAs) or equivalent, "non-commercial"/"research-only"/etc terms, requirements conditional on the employer or employment of any particular Rust developers, revocable terms, any requirements that create liability for the Rust project or its developers or users, or any requirements that adversely affect the livelihood or prospects of the Rust project or its developers or users.
I see no issues with any of the above.
> Neither this policy nor any decisions made regarding targets shall create any binding agreement or estoppel by any party. If any member of an approving Rust team serves as one of the maintainers of a target, or has any legal or employment requirement (explicit or implicit) that might affect their decisions regarding a target, they must recuse themselves from any approval decisions regarding the target's tier status, though they may otherwise participate in discussions.
> This requirement does not prevent part or all of this policy from being cited in an explicit contract or work agreement (e.g. to implement or maintain support for a target). This requirement exists to ensure that a developer or team responsible for reviewing and approving a target does not face any legal threats or obligations that would prevent them from freely exercising their judgment in such approval, even if such judgment involves subjective matters or goes beyond the letter of these requirements.
Only relevant to those making approval decisions.
> Tier 3 targets should attempt to implement as much of the standard libraries as possible and appropriate (core for most targets, alloc for targets that can support dynamic memory allocation, std for targets with an operating system or equivalent layer of system-provided functionality), but may leave some code unimplemented (either unavailable or stubbed out as appropriate), whether because the target makes it impossible to implement or challenging to implement. The authors of pull requests are not obligated to avoid calling any portions of the standard library on the basis of a tier 3 target not implementing those portions.
core and alloc can be used. std support will be added in a subsequent PR.
> The target must provide documentation for the Rust community explaining how to build for the target, using cross-compilation if possible. If the target supports running tests (even if they do not pass), the documentation must explain how to run tests for the target, using emulation if possible or dedicated hardware if necessary.
Use --target=<target> option to cross compile, just like any target. Tests can be run using the WatchOS simulator (see https://developer.apple.com/documentation/xcode/running-your-app-in-the-simulator-or-on-a-device).
> Tier 3 targets must not impose burden on the authors of pull requests, or other developers in the community, to maintain the target. In particular, do not post comments (automated or manual) on a PR that derail or suggest a block on the PR based on a tier 3 target. Do not send automated messages or notifications (via any medium, including via `@)` to a PR author or others involved with a PR regarding a tier 3 target, unless they have opted into such messages.
> Backlinks such as those generated by the issue/PR tracker when linking to an issue or PR are not considered a violation of this policy, within reason. However, such messages (even on a separate repository) must not generate notifications to anyone involved with a PR who has not requested such notifications.
I don't foresee this being a problem.
> Patches adding or updating tier 3 targets must not break any existing tier 2 or tier 1 target, and must not knowingly break another tier 3 target without approval of either the compiler team or the maintainers of the other tier 3 target.
> In particular, this may come up when working on closely related targets, such as variations of the same architecture with different features. Avoid introducing unconditional uses of features that another variation of the target may not have; use conditional compilation or runtime detection, as appropriate, to let each target run code supported by that target.
No other targets should be affected by the pull request.
Make -Cpasses= only apply to pre-link optimization
This change causes passes specified in -Cpasses= to be applied
only during pre-link optimization, not during LTO. This avoids
such passes running multiple times, which they may not be
designed for.
Fixes https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/97713
This change causes passes specified in -Cpasses= to be applied
only during pre-link optimization, not during LTO. This avoids
such passes running multiple times, which they may not be
designed for.
Fixes https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/97713
Specify DWARF alignment in bits, not bytes.
In DWARF, alignment of types is specified in bits, as is made clear by the
parameter name `AlignInBits`. However, `rustc` was incorrectly passing a byte
alignment. This commit fixes that.
This was noticed in upstream LLVM when I tried to check in a test consisting of
LLVM IR generated from `rustc` and it triggered assertions [1].
[1]: https://reviews.llvm.org/D126835
In DWARF, alignment of types is specified in bits, as is made clear by the
parameter name `AlignInBits`. However, `rustc` was incorrectly passing a byte
alignment. This commit fixes that.
This was noticed in upstream LLVM when I tried to check in a test consisting of
LLVM IR generated from `rustc` and it triggered assertions [1].
[1]: https://reviews.llvm.org/D126835
Add support for emitting functions with `coldcc` to LLVM
The eventual goal is to try using this for things like the internal panicking stuff, to see whether it helps.
Remove migrate borrowck mode
Closes#58781Closes#43234
# Stabilization proposal
This PR proposes the stabilization of `#![feature(nll)]` and the removal of `-Z borrowck`. Current borrow checking behavior of item bodies is currently done by first infering regions *lexically* and reporting any errors during HIR type checking. If there *are* any errors, then MIR borrowck (NLL) never occurs. If there *aren't* any errors, then MIR borrowck happens and any errors there would be reported. This PR removes the lexical region check of item bodies entirely and only uses MIR borrowck. Because MIR borrowck could never *not* be run for a compiled program, this should not break any programs. It does, however, change diagnostics significantly and allows a slightly larger set of programs to compile.
Tracking issue: #43234
RFC: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/2094-nll.md
Version: 1.63 (2022-06-30 => beta, 2022-08-11 => stable).
## Motivation
Over time, the Rust borrow checker has become "smarter" and thus allowed more programs to compile. There have been three different implementations: AST borrowck, MIR borrowck, and polonius (well, in progress). Additionally, there is the "lexical region resolver", which (roughly) solves the constraints generated through HIR typeck. It is not a full borrow checker, but does emit some errors.
The AST borrowck was the original implementation of the borrow checker and was part of the initially stabilized Rust 1.0. In mid 2017, work began to implement the current MIR borrow checker and that effort ompleted by the end of 2017, for the most part. During 2018, efforts were made to migrate away from the AST borrow checker to the MIR borrow checker - eventually culminating into "migrate" mode - where HIR typeck with lexical region resolving following by MIR borrow checking - being active by default in the 2018 edition.
In early 2019, migrate mode was turned on by default in the 2015 edition as well, but with MIR borrowck errors emitted as warnings. By late 2019, these warnings were upgraded to full errors. This was followed by the complete removal of the AST borrow checker.
In the period since, various errors emitted by the MIR borrow checker have been improved to the point that they are mostly the same or better than those emitted by the lexical region resolver.
While there do remain some degradations in errors (tracked under the [NLL-diagnostics tag](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues?q=is%3Aopen+is%3Aissue+label%3ANLL-diagnostics), those are sufficiently small and rare enough that increased flexibility of MIR borrow check-only is now a worthwhile tradeoff.
## What is stabilized
As said previously, this does not fundamentally change the landscape of accepted programs. However, there are a [few](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues?q=is%3Aopen+is%3Aissue+label%3ANLL-fixed-by-NLL) cases where programs can compile under `feature(nll)`, but not otherwise.
There are two notable patterns that are "fixed" by this stabilization. First, the `scoped_threads` feature, which is a continutation of a pre-1.0 API, can sometimes emit a [weird lifetime error](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/95527) without NLL. Second, actually seen in the standard library. In the `Extend` impl for `HashMap`, there is an implied bound of `K: 'a` that is available with NLL on but not without - this is utilized in the impl.
As mentioned before, there are a large number of diagnostic differences. Most of them are better, but some are worse. None are serious or happen often enough to need to block this PR. The biggest change is the loss of error code for a number of lifetime errors in favor of more general "lifetime may not live long enough" error. While this may *seem* bad, the former error codes were just attempts to somewhat-arbitrarily bin together lifetime errors of the same type; however, on paper, they end up being roughly the same with roughly the same kinds of solutions.
## What isn't stabilized
This PR does not completely remove the lexical region resolver. In the future, it may be possible to remove that (while still keeping HIR typeck) or to remove it together with HIR typeck.
## Tests
Many test outputs get updated by this PR. However, there are number of tests specifically geared towards NLL under `src/test/ui/nll`
## History
* On 2017-07-14, [tracking issue opened](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/43234)
* On 2017-07-20, [initial empty MIR pass added](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/43271)
* On 2017-08-29, [RFC opened](https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/pull/2094)
* On 2017-11-16, [Integrate MIR type-checker with NLL](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/45825)
* On 2017-12-20, [NLL feature complete](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/46862)
* On 2018-07-07, [Don't run AST borrowck on mir mode](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/52083)
* On 2018-07-27, [Add migrate mode](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/52681)
* On 2019-04-22, [Enable migrate mode on 2015 edition](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/59114)
* On 2019-08-26, [Don't downgrade errors on 2015 edition](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/64221)
* On 2019-08-27, [Remove AST borrowck](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/64790)
Finish bumping stage0
It looks like the last time had left some remaining cfg's -- which made me think
that the stage0 bump was actually successful. This brings us to a released 1.62
beta though.
This now brings us to cfg-clean, with the exception of check-cfg-features in bootstrap;
I'd prefer to leave that for a separate PR at this time since it's likely to be more tricky.
cc https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/97147#issuecomment-1132845061
r? `@pietroalbini`
Prepare Rust for opaque pointers
Fix one codegen bug with opaque pointers, and update our IR tests to accept both typed pointer and opaque pointer IR. This is a bit annoying, but unavoidable if we want decent test coverage on both LLVM 14 and LLVM 15.
This prepares Rust for when LLVM will enable opaque pointers by default.
Add support for embedding pretty printers via `#[debugger_visualizer]` attribute
Initial support for [RFC 3191](https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/pull/3191) in PR https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/91779 was scoped to supporting embedding NatVis files using a new attribute. This PR implements the pretty printer support as stated in the RFC mentioned above.
This change includes embedding pretty printers in the `.debug_gdb_scripts` just as the pretty printers for rustc are embedded today. Also added additional tests for embedded pretty printers. Additionally cleaned up error checking so all error checking is done up front regardless of the current target.
RFC: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/pull/3191
It looks like the last time had left some remaining cfg's -- which made me think
that the stage0 bump was actually successful. This brings us to a released 1.62
beta though.
This was relying on the presence of a bitcast to avoid using the
constant global initializer for a load using a different type.
With opaque pointers, we need to check this explicitly.
Ensure all error checking for `#[debugger_visualizer]` is done up front and not when the `debugger_visualizer` query is run.
Clean up potential ODR violations when embedding pretty printers into the `__rustc_debug_gdb_scripts_section__` section.
Respond to PR comments and update documentation.
don't encode only locally used attrs
Part of https://github.com/rust-lang/compiler-team/issues/505.
We now filter builtin attributes before encoding them in the crate metadata in case they should only be used in the local crate. To prevent accidental misuse `get_attrs` now requires the caller to state which attribute they are interested in. For places where that isn't trivially possible, I've added a method `fn get_attrs_unchecked` which I intend to remove in a followup PR.
After this pull request landed, we can then slowly move all attributes to only be used in the local crate while being certain that we don't accidentally try to access them from extern crates.
cc https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/94963#issuecomment-1082924289
Implement a lint to warn about unused macro rules
This implements a new lint to warn about unused macro rules (arms/matchers), similar to the `unused_macros` lint added by #41907 that warns about entire macros.
```rust
macro_rules! unused_empty {
(hello) => { println!("Hello, world!") };
() => { println!("empty") }; //~ ERROR: 1st rule of macro `unused_empty` is never used
}
fn main() {
unused_empty!(hello);
}
```
Builds upon #96149 and #96156.
Fixes#73576
