fix) update broken links in guide.md
Hi, I Just fixed some broken links in `guide.md`.
In most cases, it is not connected by an old version (expecially `guide-2019-01`) of the link, so I made some modifications.
Thanks for your time :)
`rustup` can now install `rust-analyzer` for the stable tool-chain. This commit removes the note that `rustup` can only install for the nightly branch and adjusts the command.
I also added a note on how to find the path to the `rust-analyzer` binary when installed using `rustup`, and suggestions on how to work around it not being placed in `~/.cargo/bin`.
I thought it would be ideal to point everyone to use `rustup run stable rust-analyzer` to start `rust-analyzer`. That would make it trivial to switch to nightly however I could not get this to work in `nvim` therefore I left it as a suggestion at the end.
Add a new configuration settings to set env vars when running cargo, rustc, etc. commands: cargo.extraEnv and checkOnSave.extraEnv
It can be extremely useful to be able to set environment variables when rust-analyzer is running various cargo or rustc commands (such as `cargo check`, `cargo --print cfg` or `cargo metadata`): users may want to set custom `RUSTFLAGS`, change `PATH` to use a custom toolchain or set a different `CARGO_HOME`.
There is the existing `server.extraEnv` setting that allows env vars to be set when the rust-analyzer server is launched, but using this as the recommended mechanism to also configure cargo/rust has some drawbacks:
- It convolutes configuring the rust-analyzer server with configuring cargo/rustc (one may want to change the `PATH` for cargo/rustc without affecting the rust-analyzer server).
- The name `server.extraEnv` doesn't indicate that cargo/rustc will be affected but renaming it to `cargo.extraEnv` doesn't indicate that the rust-analyzer server would be affected.
- To make the setting useful, it needs to be dynamically reloaded without requiring that the entire extension is reloaded. It might be possible to do this, but it would require the client communicating to the server what the overwritten env vars were at first launch, which isn't easy to do.
This change adds two new configuration settings: `cargo.extraEnv` and `checkOnSave.extraEnv` that can be used to change the environment for the rust-analyzer server after launch (thus affecting any process that rust-analyzer invokes) and the `cargo check` command respectively. `cargo.extraEnv` supports dynamic changes by keeping track of the pre-change values of environment variables, thus it can undo changes made previously before applying the new configuration (and then requesting a workspace reload).
Allow configuration of annotation location.
I've added the ability to configure where lens annotations render relevant to the item they describe. Previously, these would render directly above the line the item is declared on. Now, there is the ability to render these annotations above the entire item (including doc comments, and attributes).
The names of the config options are up for debate, I did what seemed best to me but if anyone has better ideas let me know.
This is my first contribution so if I've missed anything please let me know.
Here's a preview of what the new option looks like:
<img width="577" alt="Screen Shot 2022-09-11 at 10 39 51 PM" src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/33100798/189570298-b4fcbf9c-ee49-4b79-aae6-1037ae4f26af.png">
closes https://github.com/rust-lang/rust-analyzer/issues/13218
Previously, annotations would only appear above the name of an item (function signature, struct declaration, etc).
Now, rust-analyzer can be configured to show annotations either above the name or above the whole item (including doc comments and attributes).
This PR will fix some typos detected by [typos].
There are also some other typos in the function names, variable names, and file
names, which I leave as they are. I'm more certain that typos in comments
should be fixed.
[typos]: https://github.com/crate-ci/typos
