Use `TraitEngine` in more places, restrict visibility of `FulfillmentCtxt` constructor
Most places that are constructing a `FulfillmentContext` should be constructing a `TraitEngine` generically, so later on if/when we're transitioning it'll be easier.
Logical extension of #99746
Some diagnostic-related nits
1. Use `&mut Diagnostic` instead of `&mut DiagnosticBuilder<'_, T>`
2. Make `diag.span_suggestions` take an `IntoIterator` instead of `Iterator`, just to remove some `.into_iter` calls on the caller.
idk if I should add a lint to make sure people use `&mut Diagnostic` instead of `&mut DiagnosticBuilder<'_, T>` in cases where we're just, e.g., adding subdiagnostics to the diagnostic... maybe a followup.
Cleanups in autoderef impl
Just something I noticed. Turns out the `overloaded_span` is not actually used separately from the main span, so I merged them.
Remove allow(rustc::potential_query_instability) in rustc_trait_selection
Related to https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/84447
This PR needs to be benchmarked to check for regressions.
Rollup of 7 pull requests
Successful merges:
- #100508 (avoid making substs of type aliases late bound when used as fn args)
- #101381 (Test that target feature mix up with homogeneous floats is sound)
- #103353 (Fix Access Violation when using lld & ThinLTO on windows-msvc)
- #103521 (Avoid possible infinite loop when next_point reaching the end of file)
- #103559 (first move on a nested span_label)
- #103778 (Update several crates for improved support of the new targets)
- #103827 (Properly remap and check for substs compatibility in `confirm_impl_trait_in_trait_candidate`)
Failed merges:
r? `@ghost`
`@rustbot` modify labels: rollup
Better error for HRTB error from generator interior
cc #100013
This is just a first pass at an error. It could be better, and shouldn't really be emitted in the first place. But this is better than what was being emitted before.
Make InferCtxtExt use a FxIndexMap
This should be faster, because the map is only being used to iterate,
which is supposed to be faster with the IndexMap
Make the user_computed_preds use an IndexMap
It is being used mostly for iteration, so the change shouldn't result in
a perf hit
Make the RegionDeps fields use an IndexMap
This change could be a perf hit. Both `larger` and `smaller` are used
for iteration, but they are also used for insertions.
Make types_without_default_bounds use an IndexMap
It uses extend, but it also iterates and removes items. Not sure if
this will be a perf hit.
Make InferTtxt.reported_trait_errors use an IndexMap
This change brought a lot of other changes. The map seems to have been
mostly used for iteration, so the performance shouldn't suffer.
Add FIXME to change ProvisionalEvaluationCache.map to use an IndexMap
Right now this results in a perf hit. IndexMap doesn't have
the `drain_filter` API, so in `on_completion` we now need to iterate two
times over the map.
Implement `std::marker::Tuple`, use it in `extern "rust-call"` and `Fn`-family traits
Implements rust-lang/compiler-team#537
I made a few opinionated decisions in this implementation, specifically:
1. Enforcing `extern "rust-call"` on fn items during wfcheck,
2. Enforcing this for all functions (not just ones that have bodies),
3. Gating this `Tuple` marker trait behind its own feature, instead of grouping it into (e.g.) `unboxed_closures`.
Still needing to be done:
1. Enforce that `extern "rust-call"` `fn`-ptrs are well-formed only if they have 1/2 args and the second one implements `Tuple`. (Doing this would fix ICE in #66696.)
2. Deny all explicit/user `impl`s of the `Tuple` trait, kinda like `Sized`.
3. Fixing `Tuple` trait built-in impl for chalk, so that chalkification tests are un-broken.
Open questions:
1. Does this need t-lang or t-libs signoff?
Fixes#99820
Track where diagnostics were created.
This implements the `-Ztrack-diagnostics` flag, which uses `#[track_caller]` to track where diagnostics are created. It is meant as a debugging tool much like `-Ztreat-err-as-bug`.
For example, the following code...
```rust
struct A;
struct B;
fn main(){
let _: A = B;
}
```
...now emits the following error message:
```
error[E0308]: mismatched types
--> src\main.rs:5:16
|
5 | let _: A = B;
| - ^ expected struct `A`, found struct `B`
| |
| expected due to this
-Ztrack-diagnostics: created at compiler\rustc_infer\src\infer\error_reporting\mod.rs:2275:31
```
(almost) Always use `ObligationCtxt` when dealing with canonical queries
Hope this is a step in the right direction. cc rust-lang/types-team#50.
r? `@lcnr`
Accept `TyCtxt` instead of `TyCtxtAt` in `Ty::is_*` functions
Functions in answer:
- `Ty::is_freeze`
- `Ty::is_sized`
- `Ty::is_unpin`
- `Ty::is_copy_modulo_regions`
This allows to remove a lot of useless `.at(DUMMY_SP)`, making the code a bit nicer :3
r? `@compiler-errors`
spastorino noticed some silly expressions like `item_id.def_id.def_id`.
This commit renames several `def_id: OwnerId` fields as `owner_id`, so
those expressions become `item_id.owner_id.def_id`.
`item_id.owner_id.local_def_id` would be even clearer, but the use of
`def_id` for values of type `LocalDefId` is *very* widespread, so I left
that alone.
Flatten diagnostic slug modules
This makes it easier to grep for the slugs in the code.
See https://rust-lang.zulipchat.com/#narrow/stream/131828-t-compiler/topic/Localization.20infra.20interferes.20with.20grepping.20for.20error for more discussion about it.
This was mostly done with a few regexes and a bunch of manual work. This also exposes a pretty annoying inconsistency for the extra labels. Some of the extra labels are defined as additional properties in the fluent message (which makes them not prefixed with the crate name) and some of them are new fluent messages themselves (which makes them prefixed with the crate name). I don't know whether we want to clean this up at some point but it's useful to know.
r? `@davidtwco`
Delay ambiguity span bug in normalize query iff not rustdoc
Oli and I decided that the compiler debt of adding another usage of `tcx.sess.opts.actually_rustdoc` is fine, because we don't really want to add more complexity to the normalize query, and moving rustdoc to use fulfill normalization (`fully_normalize`, i.e. not use the normalize query) is unnecessary overhead given that it's skipping binders and stuff.
r? oli-obk
Fixes#102827Fixes#103181
Do not suggest trivially false const predicates
Pass through constness to `predicate_can_apply` and don't suggest other impls if it's satisfied but not const.
Fixes#103267
stop using `ty::UnevaluatedConst` directly
best reviewed commit by commit.
simplifies #99798 because we now don't have to expand `ty::UnevaluatedConst` to `ty::Const`.
I also remember some other places where using `ty::UnevaluatedConst` directly was annoying and caused issues, though I don't quite remember what they were rn '^^
r? `@oli-obk` cc `@JulianKnodt`
Make diagnostic for unsatisfied `Termination` bounds more precise
Don't blindly emit a diagnostic claiming that “*`main` has an invalid return type*” if we encounter a type that should but doesn't implement `std::process::Termination` and isn't actually the return type of the program entry `main`.
Fixes#103052.
``@rustbot`` label A-diagnostics T-compiler T-libs
r? diagnostics
Rollup of 4 pull requests
Successful merges:
- #102454 (Suggest parentheses for possible range method calling)
- #102466 (only allow `ConstEquate` with `feature(gce)`)
- #102945 (Do not register placeholder `RegionOutlives` obligations when `considering_regions` is false)
- #103091 (rustdoc: remove unused HTML class `sidebar-title`)
Failed merges:
r? `@ghost`
`@rustbot` modify labels: rollup
Do not register placeholder `RegionOutlives` obligations when `considering_regions` is false
**NOTE:** I'm kinda just putting this up for discussion. I'm not certain this is correct...?
This was introduced in [`608625d`](608625dae9 (diff-6e54b18681342ec725d75591dbf384ad08cd73df29db00485fe51b4e90f76ff7R361)).
Interestingly, we only check `data.has_placeholders()` for `RegionOutlives`, and not for `TypeOutlives`... why? For the record, that different treatment between `RegionOutlives` and `TypeOutlives` is why the fix "The compiling succeeds when all `'a : 'b` are replaced with `&'a () : 'b`" in #100689 _"works"_, but it seems like an implementation detail considering this.
Also, why do we care about placeholder regions being registered if `considering_regions` is false? It doesn't seem to affect any UI tests, for example.
r? `@lcnr`
Fixes#102899Fixes#100689
Fix subst issues with return-position `impl Trait` in trait
1. Fix an issue where we were rebase impl substs onto trait method substs, instead of trait substs
2. Fix an issue where early-bound regions aren't being mapped correctly for RPITIT hidden types
Fixes#102301Fixes#102310Fixes#102334Fixes#102918
More dupe word typos
I only picked those changes (from the regex search) that I am pretty certain doesn't change meaning and is just a typo fix. Do correct me if any fix is undesirable and I can revert those. Thanks.
Support default-body trait functions with return-position `impl Trait` in traits
Introduce a new `Trait` candidate kind for the `ImplTraitInTrait` projection candidate, which just projects an RPITIT down to its opaque type form.
This is a hack until we lower RPITITs to regular associated types, after which we will need to rework how these default bodies are type-checked, so comments are left in a few places for us to clean up later.
Fixes#101665
Elaborate trait ref to compute object safety.
instead of building them manually from supertraits and associated items.
This allows to have the correct substs for GATs.
Fixes https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/102751
rename `ImplItemKind::TyAlias` to `ImplItemKind::Type`
The naming of this variant seems inconsistent given that this is not really a "type alias", and the associated type variant for `TraitItemKind` is just called `Type`.
Remove `DefId` from some `SelectionCandidate` variants
They are both from `obligation.predicate.def_id()`, which do not need to be on the `SelectionCandidate`.
cc ````@lcnr```` ````@compiler-errors````
Rewrite representability
* Improve placement of `Box` in the suggestion
* Multiple items in a cycle emit 1 error instead of an error for each item in the cycle
* Introduce `representability` query to avoid traversing an item every time it is used.
* Also introduce `params_in_repr` query to avoid traversing generic items every time it is used.
Rollup of 6 pull requests
Successful merges:
- #102300 (Use a macro to not have to copy-paste `ConstFnMutClosure::new(&mut fold, NeverShortCircuit::wrap_mut_2_imp)).0` everywhere)
- #102475 (unsafe keyword: trait examples and unsafe_op_in_unsafe_fn update)
- #102760 (Avoid repeated re-initialization of the BufReader buffer)
- #102764 (Check `WhereClauseReferencesSelf` after all other object safety checks)
- #102779 (Fix `type_of` ICE)
- #102780 (run Miri CI when std::sys changes)
Failed merges:
r? `@ghost`
`@rustbot` modify labels: rollup
It's not about types or consts, but the lack of regions
pulled out of https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/101900 which adds a fourth kind of non-lifetime generic parameter, and the naming of these methods would get ridiculous.
Fix ICE #101739
Fixes a part of #101739
This cannot cover the following case. It causes `too many args provided` error and obligation does not have references error. I want your advice to solve the following cases as well in this pull request or a follow-up.
```rust
#![crate_type = "lib"]
#![feature(transmutability)]
#![allow(dead_code, incomplete_features, non_camel_case_types)]
mod assert {
use std::mem::BikeshedIntrinsicFrom;
pub fn is_transmutable<
Src,
Dst,
Context,
const ASSUME_ALIGNMENT: bool,
const ASSUME_LIFETIMES: bool,
const ASSUME_VALIDITY: bool,
const ASSUME_VISIBILITY: bool,
>()
where
Dst: BikeshedIntrinsicFrom<
Src,
Context,
ASSUME_ALIGNMENT,
ASSUME_LIFETIMES,
ASSUME_VALIDITY,
ASSUME_VISIBILITY,
>,
{}
}
fn via_const() {
struct Context;
#[repr(C)] struct Src;
#[repr(C)] struct Dst;
const FALSE: bool = false;
assert::is_transmutable::<Src, Dst, Context, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE>();
}
```
Move lint level source explanation to the bottom
So, uhhhhh
r? `@estebank`
## User-facing change
"note: `#[warn(...)]` on by default" and such are moved to the bottom of the diagnostic:
```diff
- = note: `#[warn(unsupported_calling_conventions)]` on by default
= warning: this was previously accepted by the compiler but is being phased out; it will become a hard error in a future release!
= note: for more information, see issue #87678 <https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/87678>
+ = note: `#[warn(unsupported_calling_conventions)]` on by default
```
Why warning is enabled is the least important thing, so it shouldn't be the first note the user reads, IMO.
## Developer-facing change
`struct_span_lint` and similar methods have a different signature.
Before: `..., impl for<'a> FnOnce(LintDiagnosticBuilder<'a, ()>)`
After: `..., impl Into<DiagnosticMessage>, impl for<'a, 'b> FnOnce(&'b mut DiagnosticBuilder<'a, ()>) -> &'b mut DiagnosticBuilder<'a, ()>`
The reason for this is that `struct_span_lint` needs to edit the diagnostic _after_ `decorate` closure is called. This also makes lint code a little bit nicer in my opinion.
Another option is to use `impl for<'a> FnOnce(LintDiagnosticBuilder<'a, ()>) -> DiagnosticBuilder<'a, ()>` altough I don't _really_ see reasons to do `let lint = lint.build(message)` everywhere.
## Subtle problem
By moving the message outside of the closure (that may not be called if the lint is disabled) `format!(...)` is executed earlier, possibly formatting `Ty` which may call a query that trims paths that crashes the compiler if there were no warnings...
I don't think it's that big of a deal, considering that we move from `format!(...)` to `fluent` (which is lazy by-default) anyway, however this required adding a workaround which is unfortunate.
## P.S.
I'm sorry, I do not how to make this PR smaller/easier to review. Changes to the lint API affect SO MUCH 😢
remove the unused :: between trait and type to give user correct diag…
…nostic information
modified: compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/error_reporting/mod.rs
new file: src/test/ui/type/issue-101866.rs
new file: src/test/ui/type/issue-101866.stderr
remove outdated coherence hack
we have a more precise detection for downstream conflicts in candidate assembly: the `is_knowable` check in `candidate_from_obligation_no_cache`.
r? types cc `@nikomatsakis`
modified: compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/error_reporting/mod.rs
new file: src/test/ui/type/issue-101866.rs
new file: src/test/ui/type/issue-101866.stderr
implied_bounds: deal with inference vars
fixes#101951
while computing implied bounds for `<<T as ConstructionFirm>::Builder as BuilderFn<'_>>::Output` normalization replaces a projection with an inference var (adding a `Projection` obligation). Until we prove that obligation, this inference var remains unknown, which caused us to miss an implied bound necessary to prove that the unnormalized projection from the trait method signature is wf.
r? types
fix a ui test
use `into`
fix clippy ui test
fix a run-make-fulldeps test
implement `IntoQueryParam<DefId>` for `OwnerId`
use `OwnerId` for more queries
change the type of `ParentOwnerIterator::Item` to `(OwnerId, OwnerNode)`
Introduce mir::Unevaluated
Previously the distinction between unevaluated constants in the type-system and in mir was not explicit and a little confusing. Probably better to introduce its own type for that.
r? `@lcnr`
Rollup of 8 pull requests
Successful merges:
- #101598 (Update rustc's information on Android's sanitizers)
- #102036 (Remove use of `io::ErrorKind::Other` in std)
- #102037 (Make cycle errors recoverable)
- #102069 (Skip `Equate` relation in `handle_opaque_type`)
- #102076 (rustc_transmute: fix big-endian discriminants)
- #102107 (Add missing space between notable trait tooltip and where clause)
- #102119 (Fix a typo “pararmeter” in error message)
- #102131 (Added which number is computed in compute_float.)
Failed merges:
r? `@ghost`
`@rustbot` modify labels: rollup
Make cycle errors recoverable
In particular, this allows rustdoc to recover from cycle errors when normalizing associated types for documentation.
In the past, ```@jackh726``` has said we need to be careful about overflow errors: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/91430#issuecomment-983997013
> Off the top of my head, we definitely should be careful about treating overflow errors the same as
"not implemented for some reason" errors. Otherwise, you could end up with behavior that is
different depending on recursion depth. But, that might be context-dependent.
But cycle errors should be safe to unconditionally report; they don't depend on the recursion depth, they will always be an error whenever they're encountered.
Helps with https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/81091.
r? ```@lcnr``` cc ```@matthewjasper```
Normalize opaques w/ bound vars
First, we reenable normalization of opaque types with escaping late bound regions to fix rust-lang/miri#2433. This essentially reverts #89285.
Second, we mitigate the perf regression found in #88862 by simplifying the way that we relate (sub and eq) GeneratorWitness types.
This relies on the fact that we construct these GeneratorWitness types somewhat particularly (with all free regions found in the witness types replaced with late bound regions) -- but those bound regions really should be treated as existential regions, not universal ones. Those two facts leads me to believe that we do not need to use the full `higher_ranked_sub` machinery to relate two generator witnesses. I'm pretty confident that this is correct, but I'm glad to discuss this further.
FIX - ambiguous Diagnostic link in docs
UPDATE - rename diagnostic_items to IntoDiagnostic and AddToDiagnostic
[Gardening] FIX - formatting via `x fmt`
FIX - rebase conflicts. NOTE: Confirm wheather or not we want to handle TargetDataLayoutErrorsWrapper this way
DELETE - unneeded allow attributes in Handler method
FIX - broken test
FIX - Rebase conflict
UPDATE - rename residual _SessionDiagnostic and fix LintDiag link
a fn pointer doesn't implement `Fn`/`FnMut`/`FnOnce` if its return type isn't sized
I stumbled upon #83915 which hasn't received much attention recently, and I wanted to revive it since this is one existing soundness hole that seems pretty easy to fix.
I'm not actually sure that the [alternative approach described here](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/83915#issuecomment-823643322) is sufficient, given the `src/test/ui/function-pointer/unsized-ret.rs` example I provided below. Rebasing the branch mentioned in that comment and testing that UI test, it seems that we actually end up only observing that `str: !Sized` during monomorphization, whereupon we ICE. Even if we were to fix that ICE, ideally we'd be raising an error that a fn pointer is being used badly during _typecheck_ instead of monomorphization, hence adapting the original approach in #83915.
I am happy to close this if people would prefer we rebase the original PR and land that -- I am partly opening to be annoying and get people thinking about this unsoundness again ❤️😸
cc: `@estebank` and `@nikomatsakis`
r? types
Here's a link to the thread: https://rust-lang.zulipchat.com/#narrow/stream/144729-t-types/topic/PR.20.2383915/near/235421351 for more context.
In particular, this allows rustdoc to recover from cycle errors when normalizing associated types for documentation.
In the past, `@jackh726` has said we need to be careful about overflow errors:
> Off the top of my head, we definitely should be careful about treating overflow errors the same as
"not implemented for some reason" errors. Otherwise, you could end up with behavior that is
different depending on recursion depth. But, that might be context-dependent.
But cycle errors should be safe to unconditionally report; they don't depend on the recursion depth, they will always be an error whenever they're encountered.
`EarlyBinder` prevent misuse
folding a type before substituting is pretty much always wrong and could happen by accident, e.g. see https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/99798#discussion_r968666538
this PR removes the `TypeFoldable` and `TypeVisitable` impl from `EarlyBinder`.
r? types cc `@jackh726`
On later stages, the feature is already stable.
Result of running:
rg -l "feature.let_else" compiler/ src/librustdoc/ library/ | xargs sed -s -i "s#\\[feature.let_else#\\[cfg_attr\\(bootstrap, feature\\(let_else\\)#"
Initial implementation of dyn*
This PR adds extremely basic and incomplete support for [dyn*](https://smallcultfollowing.com/babysteps//blog/2022/03/29/dyn-can-we-make-dyn-sized/). The goal is to get something in tree behind a flag to make collaboration easier, and also to make sure the implementation so far is not unreasonable. This PR does quite a few things:
* Introduce `dyn_star` feature flag
* Adds parsing for `dyn* Trait` types
* Defines `dyn* Trait` as a sized type
* Adds support for explicit casts, like `42usize as dyn* Debug`
* Including const evaluation of such casts
* Adds codegen for drop glue so things are cleaned up properly when a `dyn* Trait` object goes out of scope
* Adds codegen for method calls, at least for methods that take `&self`
Quite a bit is still missing, but this gives us a starting point. Note that this is never intended to become stable surface syntax for Rust, but rather `dyn*` is planned to be used as an implementation detail for async functions in dyn traits.
Joint work with `@nikomatsakis` and `@compiler-errors.`
r? `@bjorn3`
Stabilize generic associated types
Closes#44265
r? `@nikomatsakis`
# ⚡ Status of the discussion ⚡
* [x] There have been several serious concerns raised, [summarized here](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/96709#issuecomment-1129311660).
* [x] There has also been a [deep-dive comment](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/96709#issuecomment-1167220240) explaining some of the "patterns of code" that are enabled by GATs, based on use-cases posted to this thread or on the tracking issue.
* [x] We have modeled some aspects of GATs in [a-mir-formality](https://github.com/nikomatsakis/a-mir-formality) to give better confidence in how they will be resolved in the future. [You can read a write-up here](https://github.com/rust-lang/types-team/blob/master/minutes/2022-07-08-implied-bounds-and-wf-checking.md).
* [x] The major points of the discussion have been [summarized on the GAT initiative repository](https://rust-lang.github.io/generic-associated-types-initiative/mvp.html).
* [x] [FCP has been proposed](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/96709#issuecomment-1129311660) and we are awaiting final decisions and discussion amidst the relevant team members.
# Stabilization proposal
This PR proposes the stabilization of `#![feature(generic_associated_types)]`. While there a number of future additions to be made and bugs to be fixed (both discussed below), properly doing these will require significant language design and will ultimately likely be backwards-compatible. Given the overwhelming desire to have some form of generic associated types (GATs) available on stable and the stability of the "simple" uses, stabilizing the current subset of GAT features is almost certainly the correct next step.
Tracking issue: #44265
Initiative: https://rust-lang.github.io/generic-associated-types-initiative/
RFC: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/1598-generic_associated_types.md
Version: 1.65 (2022-08-22 => beta, 2022-11-03 => stable).
## Motivation
There are a myriad of potential use cases for GATs. Stabilization unblocks probable future language features (e.g. async functions in traits), potential future standard library features (e.g. a `LendingIterator` or some form of `Iterator` with a lifetime generic), and a plethora of user use cases (some of which can be seen just by scrolling through the tracking issue and looking at all the issues linking to it).
There are a myriad of potential use cases for GATs. First, there are many users that have chosen to not use GATs primarily because they are not stable (some of which can be seen just by scrolling through the tracking issue and looking at all the issues linking to it). Second, while language feature desugaring isn't *blocked* on stabilization, it gives more confidence on using the feature. Likewise, library features like `LendingIterator` are not necessarily blocked on stabilization to be implemented unstably; however few, if any, public-facing APIs actually use unstable features.
This feature has a long history of design, discussion, and developement - the RFC was first introduced roughly 6 years ago. While there are still a number of features left to implement and bugs left to fix, it's clear that it's unlikely those will have backwards-incompatibility concerns. Additionally, the bugs that do exist do not strongly impede the most-common use cases.
## What is stabilized
The primary language feature stabilized here is the ability to have generics on associated types, as so. Additionally, where clauses on associated types will now be accepted, regardless if the associated type is generic or not.
```rust
trait ATraitWithGATs {
type Assoc<'a, T> where T: 'a;
}
trait ATraitWithoutGATs<'a, T> {
type Assoc where T: 'a;
}
```
When adding an impl for a trait with generic associated types, the generics for the associated type are copied as well. Note that where clauses are allowed both after the specified type and before the equals sign; however, the latter is a warn-by-default deprecation.
```rust
struct X;
struct Y;
impl ATraitWithGATs for X {
type Assoc<'a, T> = &'a T
where T: 'a;
}
impl ATraitWithGATs for Y {
type Assoc<'a, T>
where T: 'a
= &'a T;
}
```
To use a GAT in a function, generics are specified on the associated type, as if it was a struct or enum. GATs can also be specified in trait bounds:
```rust
fn accepts_gat<'a, T>(t: &'a T) -> T::Assoc<'a, T>
where for<'x> T: ATraitWithGATs<Assoc<'a, T> = &'a T> {
...
}
```
GATs can also appear in trait methods. However, depending on how they are used, they may confer where clauses on the associated type definition. More information can be found [here](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/87479). Briefly, where clauses are required when those bounds can be proven in the methods that *construct* the GAT or other associated types that use the GAT in the trait. This allows impls to have maximum flexibility in the types defined for the associated type.
To take a relatively simple example:
```rust
trait Iterable {
type Item<'a>;
type Iterator<'a>: Iterator<Item = Self::Item<'a>>;
fn iter<'x>(&'x self) -> Self::Iterator<'x>;
//^ We know that `Self: 'a` for `Iterator<'a>`, so we require that bound on `Iterator`
// `Iterator` uses `Self::Item`, so we also require a `Self: 'a` on `Item` too
}
```
A couple well-explained examples are available in a previous [blog post](https://blog.rust-lang.org/2021/08/03/GATs-stabilization-push.html).
## What isn't stabilized/implemented
### Universal type/const quantification
Currently, you can write a bound like `X: for<'a> Trait<Assoc<'a> = &'a ()>`. However, you cannot currently write `for<T> X: Trait<Assoc<T> = T>` or `for<const N> X: Trait<Assoc<N> = [usize; N]>`.
Here is an example where this is needed:
```rust
trait Foo {}
trait Trait {
type Assoc<F: Foo>;
}
trait Trait2: Sized {
fn foo<F: Foo, T: Trait<Assoc<F> = F>>(_t: T);
}
```
In the above example, the *caller* must specify `F`, which is likely not what is desired.
### Object-safe GATs
Unlike non-generic associated types, traits with GATs are not currently object-safe. In other words the following are not allowed:
```rust
trait Trait {
type Assoc<'a>;
}
fn foo(t: &dyn for<'a> Trait<Assoc<'a> = &'a ()>) {}
//^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ not allowed
let ty: Box<dyn for<'a> Trait<Assoc<'a> = &'a ()>>;
//^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ not allowed
```
### Higher-kinded types
You cannot write currently (and there are no current plans to implement this):
```rust
struct Struct<'a> {}
fn foo(s: for<'a> Struct<'a>) {}
```
## Tests
There are many tests covering GATs that can be found in `src/test/ui/generic-associated-types`. Here, I'll list (in alphanumeric order) tests highlight some important behavior or contain important patterns.
- `./parse/*`: Parsing of GATs in traits and impls, and the trait path with GATs
- `./collections-project-default.rs`: Interaction with associated type defaults
- `./collections.rs`: The `Collection` pattern
- `./const-generics-gat-in-trait-return-type-*.rs`: Const parameters
- `./constraint-assoc-type-suggestion.rs`: Emit correct syntax in suggestion
- `./cross-crate-bounds.rs`: Ensure we handles bounds across crates the same
- `./elided-in-expr-position.rs`: Disallow lifetime elision in return position
- `./gat-in-trait-path-undeclared-lifetime.rs`: Ensure we error on undeclared lifetime in trait path
- `./gat-in-trait-path.rs`: Base trait path case
- `./gat-trait-path-generic-type-arg.rs`: Don't allow shadowing of parameters
- `./gat-trait-path-parenthesised-args.rs`: Don't allow paranthesized args in trait path
- `./generic-associated-types-where.rs`: Ensure that we require where clauses from trait to be met on impl
- `./impl_bounds.rs`: Check that the bounds on GATs in an impl are checked
- `./issue-76826.rs`: `Windows` pattern
- `./issue-78113-lifetime-mismatch-dyn-trait-box.rs`: Implicit 'static diagnostics
- `./issue-84931.rs`: Ensure that we have a where clause on GAT to ensure trait parameter lives long enough
- `./issue-87258_a.rs`: Unconstrained opaque type with TAITs
- `./issue-87429-2.rs`: Ensure we can use bound vars in the bounds
- `./issue-87429-associated-type-default.rs`: Ensure bounds hold with associated type defaults, for both trait and impl
- `./issue-87429-specialization.rs`: Check that bounds hold under specialization
- `./issue-88595.rs`: Under the outlives lint, we require a bound for both trait and GAT lifetime when trait lifetime is used in function
- `./issue-90014.rs`: Lifetime bounds are checked with TAITs
- `./issue-91139.rs`: Under migrate mode, but not NLL, we don't capture implied bounds from HRTB lifetimes used in a function and GATs
- `./issue-91762.rs`: We used to too eagerly pick param env candidates when normalizing with GATs. We now require explicit parameters specified.
- `./issue-95305.rs`: Disallow lifetime elision in trait paths
- `./iterable.rs`: `Iterable` pattern
- `./method-unsatified-assoc-type-predicate.rs`: Print predicates with GATs correctly in method resolve error
- `./missing_lifetime_const.rs`: Ensure we must specify lifetime args (not elidable)
- `./missing-where-clause-on-trait.rs`: Ensure we don't allow stricter bounds on impl than trait
- `./parameter_number_and_kind_impl.rs`: Ensure paramters on GAT in impl match GAT in trait
- `./pointer_family.rs`: `PointerFamily` pattern
- `./projection-bound-cycle.rs`: Don't allow invalid cycles to prove bounds
- `./self-outlives-lint.rs`: Ensures that an e.g. `Self: 'a` is written on the traits GAT if that bound can be implied from the GAT usage in the trait
- `./shadowing.rs`: Don't allow lifetime shadowing in params
- `./streaming_iterator.rs`: `StreamingIterator`(`LendingIterator`) pattern
- `./trait-objects.rs`: Disallow trait objects for traits with GATs
- `./variance_constraints.rs`: Require that GAT substs be invariant
## Remaining bugs and open issues
A full list of remaining open issues can be found at: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/labels/F-generic_associated_types
There are some `known-bug` tests in-tree at `src/test/ui/generic-associated-types/bugs`.
Here I'll categorize most of those that GAT bugs (or involve a pattern found more with GATs), but not those that include GATs but not a GAT issue in and of itself. (I also won't include issues directly for things listed elsewhere here.)
Using the concrete type of a GAT instead of the projection type can give errors, since lifetimes are chosen to be early-bound vs late-bound.
- #85533
- #87803
In certain cases, we can run into cycle or overflow errors. This is more generally a problem with associated types.
- #87755
- #87758
Bounds on an associatd type need to be proven by an impl, but where clauses need to be proven by the usage. This can lead to confusion when users write one when they mean the other.
- #87831
- #90573
We sometimes can't normalize closure signatures fully. Really an asociated types issue, but might happen a bit more frequently with GATs, since more obvious place for HRTB lifetimes.
- #88382
When calling a function, we assign types to parameters "too late", after we already try (and fail) to normalize projections. Another associated types issue that might pop up more with GATs.
- #88460
- #96230
We don't fully have implied bounds for lifetimes appearing in GAT trait paths, which can lead to unconstrained type errors.
- #88526
Suggestion for adding lifetime bounds can suggest unhelpful fixes (`T: 'a` instead of `Self: 'a`), but the next compiler error after making the suggested change is helpful.
- #90816
- #92096
- #95268
We can end up requiring that `for<'a> I: 'a` when we really want `for<'a where I: 'a> I: 'a`. This can leave unhelpful errors than effectively can't be satisfied unless `I: 'static`. Requires bigger changes and not only GATs.
- #91693
Unlike with non-generic associated types, we don't eagerly normalize with param env candidates. This is intended behavior (for now), to avoid accidentaly stabilizing picking arbitrary impls.
- #91762
Some Iterator adapter patterns (namely `filter`) require Polonius or unsafe to work.
- #92985
## Potential Future work
### Universal type/const quantification
No work has been done to implement this. There are also some questions around implied bounds.
### Object-safe GATs
The intention is to make traits with GATs object-safe. There are some design work to be done around well-formedness rules and general implementation.
### GATified std lib types
It would be helpful to either introduce new std lib traits (like `LendingIterator`) or to modify existing ones (adding a `'a` generic to `Iterator::Item`). There also a number of other candidates, like `Index`/`IndexMut` and `Fn`/`FnMut`/`FnOnce`.
### Reduce the need for `for<'a>`
Seen [here](https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/pull/1598#issuecomment-2611378730). One possible syntax:
```rust
trait Iterable {
type Iter<'a>: Iterator<Item = Self::Item<'a>>;
}
fn foo<T>() where T: Iterable, T::Item<let 'a>: Display { } //note the `let`!
```
### Better implied bounds on higher-ranked things
Currently if we have a `type Item<'a> where self: 'a`, and a `for<'a> T: Iterator<Item<'a> = &'a ()`, this requires `for<'a> Self: 'a`. Really, we want `for<'a where T: 'a> ...`
There was some mentions of this all the back in the RFC thread [here](https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/pull/1598#issuecomment-264340514).
## Alternatives
### Make generics on associated type in bounds a binder
Imagine the bound `for<'a> T: Trait<Item<'a>= &'a ()>`. It might be that `for<'a>` is "too large" and it should instead be `T: Trait<for<'a> Item<'a>= &'a ()>`. Brought up in RFC thread [here](https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/pull/1598#issuecomment-229443863) and in a few places since.
Another related question: Is `for<'a>` the right syntax? Maybe `where<'a>`? Also originally found in RFC thread [here](https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/pull/1598#issuecomment-261639969).
### Stabilize lifetime GATs first
This has been brought up a few times. The idea is to only allow GATs with lifetime parameters to in initial stabilization. This was probably most useful prior to actual implementation. At this point, lifetimes, types, and consts are all implemented and work. It feels like an arbitrary split without strong reason.
## History
* On 2016-04-30, [RFC opened](https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/pull/1598)
* On 2017-09-02, RFC merged and [tracking issue opened](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/44265)
* On 2017-10-23, [Move Generics from MethodSig to TraitItem and ImplItem](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/44766)
* On 2017-12-01, [Generic Associated Types Parsing & Name Resolution](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/45904)
* On 2017-12-15, [https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/46706](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/46706)
* On 2018-04-23, [Feature gate where clauses on associated types](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/49368)
* On 2018-05-10, [Extend tests for RFC1598 (GAT)](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/49423)
* On 2018-05-24, [Finish implementing GATs (Chalk)](https://github.com/rust-lang/chalk/pull/134)
* On 2019-12-21, [Make GATs less ICE-prone](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/67160)
* On 2020-02-13, [fix lifetime shadowing check in GATs](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/68938)
* On 2020-06-20, [Projection bound validation](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/72788)
* On 2020-10-06, [Separate projection bounds and predicates](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/73905)
* On 2021-02-05, [Generic associated types in trait paths](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/79554)
* On 2021-02-06, [Trait objects do not work with generic associated types](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/81823)
* On 2021-04-28, [Make traits with GATs not object safe](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/84622)
* On 2021-05-11, [Improve diagnostics for GATs](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/82272)
* On 2021-07-16, [Make GATs no longer an incomplete feature](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/84623)
* On 2021-07-16, [Replace associated item bound vars with placeholders when projecting](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/86993)
* On 2021-07-26, [GATs: Decide whether to have defaults for `where Self: 'a`](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/87479)
* On 2021-08-25, [Normalize projections under binders](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/85499)
* On 2021-08-03, [The push for GATs stabilization](https://blog.rust-lang.org/2021/08/03/GATs-stabilization-push.html)
* On 2021-08-12, [Detect stricter constraints on gats where clauses in impls vs trait](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/88336)
* On 2021-09-20, [Proposal: Change syntax of where clauses on type aliases](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/89122)
* On 2021-11-06, [Implementation of GATs outlives lint](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/89970)
* On 2021-12-29. [Parse and suggest moving where clauses after equals for type aliases](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/92118)
* On 2022-01-15, [Ignore static lifetimes for GATs outlives lint](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/92865)
* On 2022-02-08, [Don't constrain projection predicates with inference vars in GAT substs](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/92917)
* On 2022-02-15, [Rework GAT where clause check](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/93820)
* On 2022-02-19, [Only mark projection as ambiguous if GAT substs are constrained](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/93892)
* On 2022-03-03, [Support GATs in Rustdoc](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/94009)
* On 2022-03-06, [Change location of where clause on GATs](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/90076)
* On 2022-05-04, [A shiny future with GATs blog post](https://jackh726.github.io/rust/2022/05/04/a-shiny-future-with-gats.html)
* On 2022-05-04, [Stabilization PR](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/96709)
Adjust and slightly generalize operator error suggestion
(in no particular order)
* Stop passing around a whole extra `ProjectionPredicate`
* Add spaces around `=` in `Trait<..., Output = Ty>` suggestion
* Some code clean-ups, including
* add `lang_item_for_op` to turn a `Op` into a `DefId`
* avoid `SourceMap` because we don't really need to render an expr
* Remove `TypeParamVisitor` in favor of just checking `ty.has_param_types_or_consts` -- this acts a bit differently, but shouldn't cause erroneous suggestions (actually might generalize them a bit)
* We now suggest `Output = Ty` in the `where` clause suggestion when we fail to add `Struct<T>` and `T`.
I can split this out into more PRs if needed, but they're all just miscellaneous generalizations, changes, and nitpicks I saw when messing with this operator code.
const_generics: correctly deal with bound variables
removes the hack in `resolve` which was needed because we evaluated constants without caring about their bound variables.
Each commit should be fairly self-contained, even if they build on each other
r? `@jackh726`
rustc: Parameterize `ty::Visibility` over used ID
It allows using `LocalDefId` instead of `DefId` when possible, and also encode cheaper `Visibility<DefIndex>` into metadata.
Update `SessionDiagnostic::into_diagnostic` to take `Handler` instead of `ParseSess`
Suggested by the team in [this Zulip Topic](https://rust-lang.zulipchat.com/#narrow/stream/336883-i18n/topic/.23100717.20SessionDiagnostic.20on.20Handler).
`Handler` already has almost all the capabilities of `ParseSess` when it comes to diagnostic emission, in this migration we only needed to add the ability to access `source_map` from the emitter in order to get a `Snippet` and the `start_point`. Not sure if adding these two methods [`span_to_snippet_from_emitter` and `span_start_point_from_emitter`] is the best way to address this gap.
P.S. If this goes in the right direction, then we probably may want to move `SessionDiagnostic` to `rustc_errors` and rename it to `DiagnosticHandler` or something similar.
r? `@davidtwco`
r? `@compiler-errors`
Point out when a callable is not actually callable because its return is not sized
Fixes#100755
I didn't add a UI test for that one because it's equivalent to the UI test that already exists in the suite.
`BindingAnnotation` refactor
* `ast::BindingMode` is deleted and replaced with `hir::BindingAnnotation` (which is moved to `ast`)
* `BindingAnnotation` is changed from an enum to a tuple struct e.g. `BindingAnnotation(ByRef::No, Mutability::Mut)`
* Associated constants added for convenience `BindingAnnotation::{NONE, REF, MUT, REF_MUT}`
One goal is to make it more clear that `BindingAnnotation` merely represents syntax `ref mut` and not the actual binding mode. This was especially confusing since we had `ast::BindingMode`->`hir::BindingAnnotation`->`thir::BindingMode`.
I wish there were more symmetry between `ByRef` and `Mutability` (variant) naming (maybe `Mutable::Yes`?), and I also don't love how long the name `BindingAnnotation` is, but this seems like the best compromise. Ideas welcome.
Suggested by the team in this Zulip Topic https://rust-lang.zulipchat.com/#narrow/stream/336883-i18n/topic/.23100717.20SessionDiagnostic.20on.20Handler
Handler already has almost all the capabilities of ParseSess when it comes to diagnostic emission, in this migration we only needed to add the ability to access source_map from the emitter in order to get a Snippet and the start_point. Not sure if this is the best way to address this gap
safe transmute: use `Assume` struct to provide analysis options
This task was left as a TODO in #92268; resolving it brings [`BikeshedIntrinsicFrom`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/mem/trait.BikeshedIntrinsicFrom.html) more in line with the API defined in [MCP411](https://github.com/rust-lang/compiler-team/issues/411).
**Before:**
```rust
pub unsafe trait BikeshedIntrinsicFrom<
Src,
Context,
const ASSUME_ALIGNMENT: bool,
const ASSUME_LIFETIMES: bool,
const ASSUME_VALIDITY: bool,
const ASSUME_VISIBILITY: bool,
> where
Src: ?Sized,
{}
```
**After:**
```rust
pub unsafe trait BikeshedIntrinsicFrom<Src, Context, const ASSUME: Assume = { Assume::NOTHING }>
where
Src: ?Sized,
{}
```
`Assume::visibility` has also been renamed to `Assume::safety`, as library safety invariants are what's actually being assumed; visibility is just the mechanism by which it is currently checked (and that may change).
r? `@oli-obk`
---
Related:
- https://github.com/rust-lang/compiler-team/issues/411
- https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/99571
