Remove migrate borrowck mode
Closes#58781Closes#43234
# Stabilization proposal
This PR proposes the stabilization of `#![feature(nll)]` and the removal of `-Z borrowck`. Current borrow checking behavior of item bodies is currently done by first infering regions *lexically* and reporting any errors during HIR type checking. If there *are* any errors, then MIR borrowck (NLL) never occurs. If there *aren't* any errors, then MIR borrowck happens and any errors there would be reported. This PR removes the lexical region check of item bodies entirely and only uses MIR borrowck. Because MIR borrowck could never *not* be run for a compiled program, this should not break any programs. It does, however, change diagnostics significantly and allows a slightly larger set of programs to compile.
Tracking issue: #43234
RFC: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/2094-nll.md
Version: 1.63 (2022-06-30 => beta, 2022-08-11 => stable).
## Motivation
Over time, the Rust borrow checker has become "smarter" and thus allowed more programs to compile. There have been three different implementations: AST borrowck, MIR borrowck, and polonius (well, in progress). Additionally, there is the "lexical region resolver", which (roughly) solves the constraints generated through HIR typeck. It is not a full borrow checker, but does emit some errors.
The AST borrowck was the original implementation of the borrow checker and was part of the initially stabilized Rust 1.0. In mid 2017, work began to implement the current MIR borrow checker and that effort ompleted by the end of 2017, for the most part. During 2018, efforts were made to migrate away from the AST borrow checker to the MIR borrow checker - eventually culminating into "migrate" mode - where HIR typeck with lexical region resolving following by MIR borrow checking - being active by default in the 2018 edition.
In early 2019, migrate mode was turned on by default in the 2015 edition as well, but with MIR borrowck errors emitted as warnings. By late 2019, these warnings were upgraded to full errors. This was followed by the complete removal of the AST borrow checker.
In the period since, various errors emitted by the MIR borrow checker have been improved to the point that they are mostly the same or better than those emitted by the lexical region resolver.
While there do remain some degradations in errors (tracked under the [NLL-diagnostics tag](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues?q=is%3Aopen+is%3Aissue+label%3ANLL-diagnostics), those are sufficiently small and rare enough that increased flexibility of MIR borrow check-only is now a worthwhile tradeoff.
## What is stabilized
As said previously, this does not fundamentally change the landscape of accepted programs. However, there are a [few](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues?q=is%3Aopen+is%3Aissue+label%3ANLL-fixed-by-NLL) cases where programs can compile under `feature(nll)`, but not otherwise.
There are two notable patterns that are "fixed" by this stabilization. First, the `scoped_threads` feature, which is a continutation of a pre-1.0 API, can sometimes emit a [weird lifetime error](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/95527) without NLL. Second, actually seen in the standard library. In the `Extend` impl for `HashMap`, there is an implied bound of `K: 'a` that is available with NLL on but not without - this is utilized in the impl.
As mentioned before, there are a large number of diagnostic differences. Most of them are better, but some are worse. None are serious or happen often enough to need to block this PR. The biggest change is the loss of error code for a number of lifetime errors in favor of more general "lifetime may not live long enough" error. While this may *seem* bad, the former error codes were just attempts to somewhat-arbitrarily bin together lifetime errors of the same type; however, on paper, they end up being roughly the same with roughly the same kinds of solutions.
## What isn't stabilized
This PR does not completely remove the lexical region resolver. In the future, it may be possible to remove that (while still keeping HIR typeck) or to remove it together with HIR typeck.
## Tests
Many test outputs get updated by this PR. However, there are number of tests specifically geared towards NLL under `src/test/ui/nll`
## History
* On 2017-07-14, [tracking issue opened](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/43234)
* On 2017-07-20, [initial empty MIR pass added](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/43271)
* On 2017-08-29, [RFC opened](https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/pull/2094)
* On 2017-11-16, [Integrate MIR type-checker with NLL](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/45825)
* On 2017-12-20, [NLL feature complete](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/46862)
* On 2018-07-07, [Don't run AST borrowck on mir mode](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/52083)
* On 2018-07-27, [Add migrate mode](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/52681)
* On 2019-04-22, [Enable migrate mode on 2015 edition](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/59114)
* On 2019-08-26, [Don't downgrade errors on 2015 edition](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/64221)
* On 2019-08-27, [Remove AST borrowck](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/64790)
Replace `&Vec<_>`s with `&[_]`s
It's generally preferable to use `&[_]` since it's one less indirection and it can be created from types other that `Vec`.
I've left `&Vec` in some locals where it doesn't really matter, in cases where `TypeFoldable` is expected (`TypeFoldable: Clone` so slice can't implement it) and in cases where it's `&TypeAliasThatIsActiallyVec`. Nothing important, really, I was just a little annoyed by `visit_generic_param_vec` :D
r? `@compiler-errors`
errors: simplify referring to fluent attributes
To render the message of a Fluent attribute, the identifier of the Fluent message must be known. `DiagnosticMessage::FluentIdentifier` contains both the message's identifier and optionally the identifier of an attribute. Generated constants for each attribute would therefore need to be named uniquely (amongst all error messages) or be able to refer to only the attribute identifier which will be combined with a message identifier later. In this commit, the latter strategy is implemented as part of the `Diagnostic` type's functions for adding subdiagnostics of various kinds.
r? `@oli-obk`
To render the message of a Fluent attribute, the identifier of the
Fluent message must be known. `DiagnosticMessage::FluentIdentifier`
contains both the message's identifier and optionally the identifier of
an attribute. Generated constants for each attribute would therefore
need to be named uniquely (amongst all error messages) or be able to
refer to only the attribute identifier which will be combined with a
message identifier later. In this commit, the latter strategy is
implemented as part of the `Diagnostic` type's functions for adding
subdiagnostics of various kinds.
Signed-off-by: David Wood <david.wood@huawei.com>
Adds a new `fluent_messages` macro which performs compile-time
validation of the compiler's Fluent resources (i.e. that the resources
parse and don't multiply define the same messages) and generates
constants that make using those messages in diagnostics more ergonomic.
For example, given the following invocation of the macro..
```ignore (rust)
fluent_messages! {
typeck => "./typeck.ftl",
}
```
..where `typeck.ftl` has the following contents..
```fluent
typeck-field-multiply-specified-in-initializer =
field `{$ident}` specified more than once
.label = used more than once
.label-previous-use = first use of `{$ident}`
```
...then the macro parse the Fluent resource, emitting a diagnostic if it
fails to do so, and will generate the following code:
```ignore (rust)
pub static DEFAULT_LOCALE_RESOURCES: &'static [&'static str] = &[
include_str!("./typeck.ftl"),
];
mod fluent_generated {
mod typeck {
pub const field_multiply_specified_in_initializer: DiagnosticMessage =
DiagnosticMessage::fluent("typeck-field-multiply-specified-in-initializer");
pub const field_multiply_specified_in_initializer_label_previous_use: DiagnosticMessage =
DiagnosticMessage::fluent_attr(
"typeck-field-multiply-specified-in-initializer",
"previous-use-label"
);
}
}
```
When emitting a diagnostic, the generated constants can be used as
follows:
```ignore (rust)
let mut err = sess.struct_span_err(
span,
fluent::typeck::field_multiply_specified_in_initializer
);
err.span_default_label(span);
err.span_label(
previous_use_span,
fluent::typeck::field_multiply_specified_in_initializer_label_previous_use
);
err.emit();
```
Signed-off-by: David Wood <david.wood@huawei.com>
Manual implementors of translatable diagnostics will need to call
`set_arg`, not just the derive, so make this function a bit more
ergonomic by taking `IntoDiagnosticArg` rather than
`DiagnosticArgValue`.
Signed-off-by: David Wood <david.wood@huawei.com>
Add a new derive, `#[derive(SessionSubdiagnostic)]`, which enables
deriving structs for labels, notes, helps and suggestions.
Signed-off-by: David Wood <david.wood@huawei.com>
Change `span_suggestion` (and variants) to take `impl ToString` rather
than `String` for the suggested code, as this simplifies the
requirements on the diagnostic derive.
Signed-off-by: David Wood <david.wood@huawei.com>
Since Cargo wants to do its own fatal error handling for unused
dependencies, add the option `--json unused-externs-silent` which
has the original behaviour of not indicating non-zero exit status for
`deny`/`forbid`-level unused dependencies.
Remove `--extern-location` and all associated code
`--extern-location` was an experiment to investigate the best way to
generate useful diagnostics for unused dependency warnings by enabling a
build system to identify the corresponding build config.
While I did successfully use this, I've since been convinced the
alternative `--json unused-externs` mechanism is the way to go, and
there's no point in having two mechanisms with basically the same
functionality.
This effectively reverts https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/72603
`--extern-location` was an experiment to investigate the best way to
generate useful diagnostics for unused dependency warnings by enabling a
build system to identify the corresponding build config.
While I did successfully use this, I've since been convinced the
alternative `--json unused-externs` mechanism is the way to go, and
there's no point in having two mechanisms with basically the same
functionality.
This effectively reverts https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/72603
Loading the fallback bundle in compilation sessions that won't go on to
emit any errors unnecessarily degrades compile time performance, so
lazily create the Fluent bundle when it is first required.
Signed-off-by: David Wood <david.wood@huawei.com>
Add an option for enabling and disabling Fluent's directionality
isolation markers in output. Disabled by default as these can render in
some terminals and applications.
Signed-off-by: David Wood <david.wood@huawei.com>
Extends support for generating `DiagnosticMessage::FluentIdentifier`
messages from `SessionDiagnostic` derive to `#[label]`.
Signed-off-by: David Wood <david.wood@huawei.com>
Non-subdiagnostic fields (i.e. those that don't have `#[label]`
attributes or similar and are just additional context) have to be added
as arguments for Fluent messages to refer them. This commit extends the
`SessionDiagnostic` derive to do this for all fields that do not have
attributes and introduces an `IntoDiagnosticArg` trait that is
implemented on all types that can be converted to a argument for Fluent.
Signed-off-by: David Wood <david.wood@huawei.com>
Extend loading of Fluent bundles so that bundles can be loaded from the
sysroot based on the language requested by the user, or using a nightly
flag.
Sysroot bundles are loaded from `$sysroot/share/locale/$locale/*.ftl`.
Signed-off-by: David Wood <david.wood@huawei.com>
This commit updates the signatures of all diagnostic functions to accept
types that can be converted into a `DiagnosticMessage`. This enables
existing diagnostic calls to continue to work as before and Fluent
identifiers to be provided. The `SessionDiagnostic` derive just
generates normal diagnostic calls, so these APIs had to be modified to
accept Fluent identifiers.
In addition, loading of the "fallback" Fluent bundle, which contains the
built-in English messages, has been implemented.
Each diagnostic now has "arguments" which correspond to variables in the
Fluent messages (necessary to render a Fluent message) but no API for
adding arguments has been added yet. Therefore, diagnostics (that do not
require interpolation) can be converted to use Fluent identifiers and
will be output as before.
`MultiSpan` contains labels, which are more complicated with the
introduction of diagnostic translation and will use types from
`rustc_errors` - however, `rustc_errors` depends on `rustc_span` so
`rustc_span` cannot use types like `DiagnosticMessage` without
dependency cycles. Introduce a new `rustc_error_messages` crate that can
contain `DiagnosticMessage` and `MultiSpan`.
Signed-off-by: David Wood <david.wood@huawei.com>
Introduce a `DiagnosticMessage` type that will enable diagnostic
messages to be simple strings or Fluent identifiers.
`DiagnosticMessage` is now used in the implementation of the standard
`DiagnosticBuilder` APIs.
Signed-off-by: David Wood <david.wood@huawei.com>
When encountering an unsatisfied trait bound, if there are no other
suggestions, mention all the types that *do* implement that trait:
```
error[E0277]: the trait bound `f32: Foo` is not satisfied
--> $DIR/impl_wf.rs:22:6
|
LL | impl Baz<f32> for f32 { }
| ^^^^^^^^ the trait `Foo` is not implemented for `f32`
|
= help: the following other types implement trait `Foo`:
Option<T>
i32
str
note: required by a bound in `Baz`
--> $DIR/impl_wf.rs:18:31
|
LL | trait Baz<U: ?Sized> where U: Foo { }
| ^^^ required by this bound in `Baz`
```
Mention implementers of traits in `ImplObligation`s.
Do not mention other `impl`s for closures, ranges and `?`.
There are a few places were we have to construct it, though, and a few
places that are more invasive to change. To do this, we create a
constructor with a long obvious name.
Improve `expect` impl and handle `#[expect(unfulfilled_lint_expectations)]` (RFC 2383)
This PR updates unstable `ExpectationIds` in stashed diagnostics and adds some asserts to ensure that the stored expectations are really empty in the end. Additionally, it handles the `#[expect(unfulfilled_lint_expectations)]` case.
According to the [Errors and lints docs](https://rustc-dev-guide.rust-lang.org/diagnostics.html#diagnostic-levels) the `error` level should only be used _"when the compiler detects a problem that makes it unable to compile the program"_. As this isn't the case with `#[expect(unfulfilled_lint_expectations)]` I decided to only create a warning. To avoid adding a new lint only for this case, I simply emit a `unfulfilled_lint_expectations` diagnostic with an additional note.
---
r? `@wesleywiser` I'm requesting a review from you since you reviewed the previous PR https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/87835. You are welcome to reassign it if you're busy 🙃
rfc: [RFC-2383](https://rust-lang.github.io/rfcs/2383-lint-reasons.html)
tracking issue: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/85549
cc: `@flip1995` In case you're also interested in this :)
This updates the standard library's documentation to use the new syntax. The
documentation is worthwhile to update as it should be more idiomatic
(particularly for features like this, which are nice for users to get acquainted
with). The general codebase is likely more hassle than benefit to update: it'll
hurt git blame, and generally updates can be done by folks updating the code if
(and when) that makes things more readable with the new format.
A few places in the compiler and library code are updated (mostly just due to
already having been done when this commit was first authored).
