NLL: User type annotations refactor, associated constant patterns and ref bindings.
Fixes#55511 and Fixes#55401. Contributes to #54943.
This PR performs a large refactoring on user type annotations, checks user type annotations for associated constants in patterns and that user type annotations for `ref` bindings are respected.
r? @nikomatsakis
resolve: Simplify treatment of ambiguity errors
If we have a glob conflict like this
```rust
mod m1 { struct S; }
mod m2 { struct S; }
use m1::*;
use m2::*;
```
we treat it as a special "ambiguity item" that's not an error by itself, but produces an error when actually used.
```rust
use m1::*; // primary
use m2::*; // secondary
=>
ambiguity S(m1::S, m2::S);
```
Ambiguity items were *sometimes* treated as their primary items for error recovery, but pretty irregularly.
After this PR they are always treated as their primary items, except that
- If an ambiguity item is marked as used, then it still produces an error.
- Ambiguity items are still filtered away when exported to other crates (which is also a use in some sense).
privacy: Use common `DefId` visiting infrastructure for all privacy visitors
One repeating pattern in privacy checking is going through a type, visiting all `DefId`s inside it and doing something with them.
This is the case because visibilities and reachabilities are attached to `DefId`s.
Previously various privacy visitors visited types slightly differently using their own methods, with most recently written `TypePrivacyVisitor` being the "gold standard".
This mostly worked okay, but differences could manifest in overly conservative reachability analysis, some errors being reported twice, some private-in-public lints (not errors) being wrongly reported or not reported.
This PR does something that I wanted to do since https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/32674#discussion_r58291608 - factoring out the common visiting logic!
Now all the common logic is contained in `struct DefIdVisitorSkeleton`, with specific privacy visitors deciding only what to do with visited `DefId`s (via `trait DefIdVisitor`).
A bunch of cleanups is also applied in the process.
This area is somewhat tricky due to lots of easily miss-able details, but thankfully it's was well covered by tests in https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/46083 and previous PRs, so I'm relatively sure in the refactoring correctness.
Fixes https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/56837#discussion_r241962239 in particular.
Also this will help with implementing https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/48054.
Add `-Z instrument-mcount`
This flag inserts `mcount` function call to the beginning of every function
after inline processing. So tracing tools like uftrace [1] (or ftrace for
Linux kernel modules) have a chance to examine function calls.
It is similar to the `-pg` flag provided by gcc or clang, but without
generating a `__gmon_start__` function for executables. If a program
runs without being traced, no `gmon.out` will be written to disk.
Under the hood, it simply adds `"instrument-function-entry-inlined"="mcount"`
attribute to every function. The `post-inline-ee-instrument` LLVM pass does
the actual job.
[1]: https://github.com/namhyung/uftrace
There are three problems with the nolink-with-link-args test:
* The test fails when using MSVC. It's caused by the `linker-flavor=ld` flag which was added in #46291.
* In its comment, this test tests that "link_args are indeed passed when nolink is specified", but the `nolink` attribute has been removed [a long time ago](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/12826).
* Pattern has a small typo.
At first I was going to completely remove this test, but there is [a closed pull request for that](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/21090).
So:
* rename the file as suggested in the closed PR
* adjust the comment
* fix typo in the pattern
* add `ignore-msvc`.
This flag inserts `mcount` function call to the beginning of every function
after inline processing. So tracing tools like uftrace [1] (or ftrace for
Linux kernel modules) have a chance to examine function calls.
It is similar to the `-pg` flag provided by gcc or clang, but without
generating a `__gmon_start__` function for executables. If a program
runs without being traced, no `gmon.out` will be written to disk.
Under the hood, it simply adds `"instrument-function-entry-inlined"="mcount"`
attribute to every function. The `post-inline-ee-instrument` LLVM pass does
the actual job.
[1]: https://github.com/namhyung/uftrace
