Add rustbuild command `bench`
Add command bench to rustbuild, so that `./x.py bench <path>` can compile and run benchmarks.
`./x.py bench --stage 1 src/libcollections` and `./x.py bench --stage 1 src/libstd` should both compile well. Just `./x.py bench` runs all benchmarks for the libstd crates.
Fixes#37897
Vec::from_iter's general case allocates the vector up front;
this is redundant for the TrustedLen case, and can then be avoided
to reduce the size of the code.
Since I said "no intentional functional change" in the previous commit,
I guess it was inevitable there were unintentional changes. Not
functional, but optimization-wise. This restores the extend
specialization's use in Vec::from_iter.
Fix issues with the Add/AddAssign impls for Cow<str>
* Correct the stability attributes.
* Make Add and AddAssign actually behave the same.
* Use String::with_capacity when allocating a new string.
* Fix the tests.
Add Iterator trait TrustedLen to enable better FromIterator / Extend
This trait attempts to improve FromIterator / Extend code by enabling it to trust the iterator to produce an exact number of elements, which means that reallocation needs to happen only once and is moved out of the loop.
`TrustedLen` differs from `ExactSizeIterator` in that it attempts to include _more_ iterators by allowing for the case that the iterator's len does not fit in `usize`. Consumers must check for this case (for example they could panic, since they can't allocate a collection of that size).
For example, chain can be TrustedLen and all numerical ranges can be TrustedLen. All they need to do is to report an exact size if it fits in `usize`, and `None` as the upper bound otherwise.
The trait describes its contract like this:
```
An iterator that reports an accurate length using size_hint.
The iterator reports a size hint where it is either exact
(lower bound is equal to upper bound), or the upper bound is `None`.
The upper bound must only be `None` if the actual iterator length is
larger than `usize::MAX`.
The iterator must produce exactly the number of elements it reported.
This trait must only be implemented when the contract is upheld.
Consumers of this trait must inspect `.size_hint()`’s upper bound.
```
Fixes#37232
* Correct the stability attributes.
* Make Add and AddAssign actually behave the same.
* Use String::with_capacity when allocating a new string.
* Fix the tests.
Most of the Rust community agrees that the vec! macro is clearer when
called using square brackets [] instead of regular brackets (). Most of
these ocurrences are from before macros allowed using different types of
brackets.
There is one left unchanged in a pretty-print test, as the pretty
printer still wants it to have regular brackets.
Implement Iterator::fold for .chain(), .cloned(), .map() and the VecDeque iterators.
Chain can do something interesting here where it passes on the fold
into its inner iterators.
The lets the underlying iterator's custom fold() be used, and skips the
regular chain logic in next.
Also implement .fold() specifically for .map() and .cloned() so that any
inner fold improvements are available through map and cloned.
The same way, a VecDeque iterator fold can be turned into two slice folds.
These changes lend the power of the slice iterator's loop codegen to
VecDeque, and to chains of slice iterators, and so on.
It's an improvement for .sum() and .product(), and other uses of fold.
Implement `From<Cow<str>> for String` and `From<Cow<[T]>> for Vec<T>`.
Motivation: the `selectors` crate is generic over a string type, in order to support all of `String`, `string_cache::Atom`, and `gecko_string_cache::Atom`. Multiple trait bounds are used for the various operations done with these strings. One of these operations is creating a string (as efficiently as possible, re-using an existing memory allocation if possible) from `Cow<str>`.
The `std::convert::From` trait seems natural for this, but the relevant implementation was missing before this PR. To work around this I’ve added a `FromCowStr` trait in `selectors`, but with trait coherence that means one of `selectors` or `string_cache` needs to depend on the other to implement this trait. Using a trait from `std` would solve this.
The `Vec<T>` implementation is just added for consistency. I also tried a more general `impl<'a, O, B: ?Sized + ToOwned<Owned=O>> From<Cow<'a, B>> for O`, but (the compiler thinks?) it conflicts with `From<T> for T` the impl (after moving all of `collections::borrow` into `core::borrow` to work around trait coherence).
Motivation: the `selectors` crate is generic over a string type,
in order to support all of `String`, `string_cache::Atom`, and
`gecko_string_cache::Atom`. Multiple trait bounds are used
for the various operations done with these strings.
One of these operations is creating a string (as efficiently as possible,
re-using an existing memory allocation if possible) from `Cow<str>`.
The `std::convert::From` trait seems natural for this, but
the relevant implementation was missing before this PR.
To work around this I’ve added a `FromCowStr` trait in `selectors`,
but with trait coherence that means one of `selectors` or `string_cache`
needs to depend on the other to implement this trait.
Using a trait from `std` would solve this.
The `Vec<T>` implementation is just added for consistency.
I also tried a more general
`impl<'a, O, B: ?Sized + ToOwned<Owned=O>> From<Cow<'a, B>> for O`,
but (the compiler thinks?) it conflicts with `From<T> for T` the impl
(after moving all of `collections::borrow` into `core::borrow`
to work around trait coherence).
Specialize Vec::extend to Vec::extend_from_slice
I tried using the existing `SpecExtend` as a helper trait for this, but the instances would always conflict with the instances higher up in the file, so I created a new helper trait.
Benchmarking `extend` vs `extend_from_slice` with an slice of 1000 `u64`s gives the following results:
```
before:
running 2 tests
test tests::bench_extend_from_slice ... bench: 166 ns/iter (+/- 78)
test tests::bench_extend_trait ... bench: 1,187 ns/iter (+/- 697)
after:
running 2 tests
test tests::bench_extend_from_slice ... bench: 149 ns/iter (+/- 87)
test tests::bench_extend_trait ... bench: 138 ns/iter (+/- 70)
```
Changed 0 into '0'
Right now `0` is an undefined production rule.
[Documentation following the grammar specification](https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/fmt/#sign0) strongly suggests `'0'` is meant as it is used as a character literal.
r? @steveklabnik
Add method str::repeat(self, usize) -> String
It is relatively simple to repeat a string n times:
`(0..n).map(|_| s).collect::<String>()`. It becomes slightly more
complicated to do it “right” (sizing the allocation up front), which
warrants a method that does it for us.
This method is useful in writing testcases, or when generating text.
`format!()` can be used to repeat single characters, but not repeating
strings like this.
It is relatively simple to repeat a string n times:
`(0..n).map(|_| s).collect::<String>()`. It becomes slightly more
complicated to do it “right” (sizing the allocation up front), which
warrants a method that does it for us.
This method is useful in writing testcases, or when generating text.
`format!()` can be used to repeat single characters, but not repeating
strings like this.
