Don't ICE when deducing future output if other errors already occurred

compiler/rustc_hir_typeck/src/closure.rs

@@ -760,16 +760,22 @@ fn deduce_future_output_from_obligations(&self, body_def_id: LocalDefId) -> Opti
                     get_future_output(obligation.predicate, obligation.cause.span)
                 })?
             }
+            ty::Alias(ty::Projection, _) => {
+                return Some(Ty::new_error_with_message(
+                    self.tcx,
+                    closure_span,
+                    "this projection should have been projected to an opaque type",
+                ));
+            }
             ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, args, .. }) => self
                 .tcx
                 .explicit_item_bounds(def_id)
                 .iter_instantiated_copied(self.tcx, args)
                 .find_map(|(p, s)| get_future_output(p.as_predicate(), s))?,
             ty::Error(_) => return Some(ret_ty),
-            _ => span_bug!(
-                closure_span,
-                "async fn coroutine return type not an inference variable: {ret_ty}"
-            ),
+            _ => {
+                span_bug!(closure_span, "invalid async fn coroutine return type: {ret_ty:?}")
+            }
         };
 
         let output_ty = self.normalize(closure_span, output_ty);

tests/ui/async-await/inference_var_self_argument.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+//! This is a regression test for an ICE.
+// edition: 2021
+
+trait Foo {
+    async fn foo(self: &dyn Foo) {
+        //~^ ERROR: `Foo` cannot be made into an object
+        //~| ERROR invalid `self` parameter type: &dyn Foo
+        todo!()
+    }
+}
+
+fn main() {}

tests/ui/async-await/inference_var_self_argument.stderr

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+error[E0038]: the trait `Foo` cannot be made into an object
+  --> $DIR/inference_var_self_argument.rs:5:5
+   |
+LL |     async fn foo(self: &dyn Foo) {
+   |     ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ `Foo` cannot be made into an object
+   |
+note: for a trait to be "object safe" it needs to allow building a vtable to allow the call to be resolvable dynamically; for more information visit <https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/items/traits.html#object-safety>
+  --> $DIR/inference_var_self_argument.rs:5:14
+   |
+LL | trait Foo {
+   |       --- this trait cannot be made into an object...
+LL |     async fn foo(self: &dyn Foo) {
+   |              ^^^ ...because method `foo` is `async`
+   = help: consider moving `foo` to another trait
+
+error[E0307]: invalid `self` parameter type: &dyn Foo
+  --> $DIR/inference_var_self_argument.rs:5:24
+   |
+LL |     async fn foo(self: &dyn Foo) {
+   |                        ^^^^^^^^
+   |
+   = note: type of `self` must be `Self` or a type that dereferences to it
+   = help: consider changing to `self`, `&self`, `&mut self`, `self: Box<Self>`, `self: Rc<Self>`, `self: Arc<Self>`, or `self: Pin<P>` (where P is one of the previous types except `Self`)
+
+error: aborting due to 2 previous errors
+
+Some errors have detailed explanations: E0038, E0307.
+For more information about an error, try `rustc --explain E0038`.

tests/ui/object-safety/erroneous_signature.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+trait Foo {
+    fn err(&self) -> MissingType;
+    //~^ ERROR cannot find type `MissingType` in this scope
+}
+
+impl Foo for i32 {
+    fn err(&self) -> MissingType {
+        //~^ ERROR cannot find type `MissingType` in this scope
+        0
+    }
+}
+
+fn coerce(x: &i32) -> &dyn Foo {
+    x
+}
+
+fn main() {}

tests/ui/object-safety/erroneous_signature.stderr

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+error[E0412]: cannot find type `MissingType` in this scope
+  --> $DIR/erroneous_signature.rs:2:22
+   |
+LL |     fn err(&self) -> MissingType;
+   |                      ^^^^^^^^^^^ not found in this scope
+
+error[E0412]: cannot find type `MissingType` in this scope
+  --> $DIR/erroneous_signature.rs:7:22
+   |
+LL |     fn err(&self) -> MissingType {
+   |                      ^^^^^^^^^^^ not found in this scope
+
+error: aborting due to 2 previous errors
+
+For more information about this error, try `rustc --explain E0412`.