Rollup merge of #131441 - SpriteOvO:proc-macro-to-tokens-trait, r=dtolnay

Add a new trait `proc_macro::ToTokens`

Tracking issue #130977

This PR adds a new trait `ToTokens`, implemented for types that can be interpolated inside a `quote!` invocation.

```rust
impl ToTokens for TokenTree
impl ToTokens for TokenStream
impl ToTokens for Literal
impl ToTokens for Ident
impl ToTokens for Punct
impl ToTokens for Group
impl<T: ToTokens + ?Sized> ToTokens for &T
impl<T: ToTokens + ?Sized> ToTokens for &mut T
impl<T: ToTokens + ?Sized> ToTokens for Box<T>
impl<T: ToTokens + ?Sized> ToTokens for Rc<T>
impl<T: ToTokens + ToOwned + ?Sized> ToTokens for Cow<'_, T>
impl<T: ToTokens> ToTokens for Option<T>
impl ToTokens for u{8,16,32,64,128}
impl ToTokens for i{8,16,32,64,128}
impl ToTokens for f{32,64}
impl ToTokens for {u,i}size
impl ToTokens for bool
impl ToTokens for char
impl ToTokens for str
impl ToTokens for String
impl ToTokens for CStr
impl ToTokens for CString
```

~This PR also implements the migration mentioned in the tracking issue, replacing `Extend<Token{Tree,Stream}>` with `Extend<T: ToTokens>`, and replacing `FromIterator<Token{Tree,Stream}>` with `FromIterator<T: ToTokens>`.~
**UPDATE**: Reverted.

```diff
-impl FromIterator<TokenTree> for TokenStream
-impl FromIterator<TokenStream> for TokenStream
+impl<T: ToTokens> FromIterator<T> for TokenStream

-impl Extend<TokenTree> for TokenStream
-impl Extend<TokenStream> for TokenStream
+impl<T: ToTokens> Extend<T> for TokenStream
```

I'm going to leave some comments in the review where I'm unsure and concerned.

r? ``@dtolnay``
CC ``@tgross35``

library/proc_macro/src/lib.rs

@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 #![feature(restricted_std)]
 #![feature(rustc_attrs)]
 #![feature(min_specialization)]
+#![feature(extend_one)]
 #![recursion_limit = "256"]
 #![allow(internal_features)]
 #![deny(ffi_unwind_calls)]
@@ -43,6 +44,7 @@
 
 mod diagnostic;
 mod escape;
+mod to_tokens;
 
 use std::ffi::CStr;
 use std::ops::{Range, RangeBounds};
@@ -52,6 +54,8 @@
 
 #[unstable(feature = "proc_macro_diagnostic", issue = "54140")]
 pub use diagnostic::{Diagnostic, Level, MultiSpan};
+#[unstable(feature = "proc_macro_totokens", issue = "130977")]
+pub use to_tokens::ToTokens;
 
 use crate::escape::{EscapeOptions, escape_bytes};
 

library/proc_macro/src/to_tokens.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,310 @@
+use std::borrow::Cow;
+use std::ffi::{CStr, CString};
+use std::rc::Rc;
+
+use crate::{ConcatTreesHelper, Group, Ident, Literal, Punct, Span, TokenStream, TokenTree};
+
+/// Types that can be interpolated inside a [`quote!`] invocation.
+///
+/// [`quote!`]: crate::quote!
+#[unstable(feature = "proc_macro_totokens", issue = "130977")]
+pub trait ToTokens {
+    /// Write `self` to the given `TokenStream`.
+    ///
+    /// # Example
+    ///
+    /// Example implementation for a struct representing Rust paths like
+    /// `std::cmp::PartialEq`:
+    ///
+    /// ```
+    /// #![feature(proc_macro_totokens)]
+    ///
+    /// use std::iter;
+    /// use proc_macro::{Spacing, Punct, TokenStream, TokenTree, ToTokens};
+    ///
+    /// pub struct Path {
+    ///     pub global: bool,
+    ///     pub segments: Vec<PathSegment>,
+    /// }
+    ///
+    /// impl ToTokens for Path {
+    ///     fn to_tokens(&self, tokens: &mut TokenStream) {
+    ///         for (i, segment) in self.segments.iter().enumerate() {
+    ///             if i > 0 || self.global {
+    ///                 // Double colon `::`
+    ///                 tokens.extend(iter::once(TokenTree::from(Punct::new(':', Spacing::Joint))));
+    ///                 tokens.extend(iter::once(TokenTree::from(Punct::new(':', Spacing::Alone))));
+    ///             }
+    ///             segment.to_tokens(tokens);
+    ///         }
+    ///     }
+    /// }
+    /// #
+    /// # pub struct PathSegment;
+    /// #
+    /// # impl ToTokens for PathSegment {
+    /// #     fn to_tokens(&self, tokens: &mut TokenStream) {
+    /// #         unimplemented!()
+    /// #     }
+    /// # }
+    /// ```
+    fn to_tokens(&self, tokens: &mut TokenStream);
+
+    /// Convert `self` directly into a `TokenStream` object.
+    ///
+    /// This method is implicitly implemented using `to_tokens`, and acts as a
+    /// convenience method for consumers of the `ToTokens` trait.
+    fn to_token_stream(&self) -> TokenStream {
+        let mut tokens = TokenStream::new();
+        self.to_tokens(&mut tokens);
+        tokens
+    }
+
+    /// Convert `self` directly into a `TokenStream` object.
+    ///
+    /// This method is implicitly implemented using `to_tokens`, and acts as a
+    /// convenience method for consumers of the `ToTokens` trait.
+    fn into_token_stream(self) -> TokenStream
+    where
+        Self: Sized,
+    {
+        self.to_token_stream()
+    }
+}
+
+#[unstable(feature = "proc_macro_totokens", issue = "130977")]
+impl ToTokens for TokenTree {
+    fn to_tokens(&self, tokens: &mut TokenStream) {
+        tokens.extend_one(self.clone());
+    }
+
+    fn into_token_stream(self) -> TokenStream {
+        let mut builder = ConcatTreesHelper::new(1);
+        builder.push(self);
+        builder.build()
+    }
+}
+
+#[unstable(feature = "proc_macro_totokens", issue = "130977")]
+impl ToTokens for TokenStream {
+    fn to_tokens(&self, tokens: &mut TokenStream) {
+        tokens.extend(self.clone());
+    }
+
+    fn into_token_stream(self) -> TokenStream {
+        self
+    }
+}
+
+#[unstable(feature = "proc_macro_totokens", issue = "130977")]
+impl ToTokens for Literal {
+    fn to_tokens(&self, tokens: &mut TokenStream) {
+        tokens.extend_one(TokenTree::from(self.clone()));
+    }
+}
+
+#[unstable(feature = "proc_macro_totokens", issue = "130977")]
+impl ToTokens for Ident {
+    fn to_tokens(&self, tokens: &mut TokenStream) {
+        tokens.extend_one(TokenTree::from(self.clone()));
+    }
+}
+
+#[unstable(feature = "proc_macro_totokens", issue = "130977")]
+impl ToTokens for Punct {
+    fn to_tokens(&self, tokens: &mut TokenStream) {
+        tokens.extend_one(TokenTree::from(self.clone()));
+    }
+}
+
+#[unstable(feature = "proc_macro_totokens", issue = "130977")]
+impl ToTokens for Group {
+    fn to_tokens(&self, tokens: &mut TokenStream) {
+        tokens.extend_one(TokenTree::from(self.clone()));
+    }
+}
+
+#[unstable(feature = "proc_macro_totokens", issue = "130977")]
+impl<T: ToTokens + ?Sized> ToTokens for &T {
+    fn to_tokens(&self, tokens: &mut TokenStream) {
+        (**self).to_tokens(tokens)
+    }
+}
+
+#[unstable(feature = "proc_macro_totokens", issue = "130977")]
+impl<T: ToTokens + ?Sized> ToTokens for &mut T {
+    fn to_tokens(&self, tokens: &mut TokenStream) {
+        (**self).to_tokens(tokens)
+    }
+}
+
+#[unstable(feature = "proc_macro_totokens", issue = "130977")]
+impl<T: ToTokens + ?Sized> ToTokens for Box<T> {
+    fn to_tokens(&self, tokens: &mut TokenStream) {
+        (**self).to_tokens(tokens)
+    }
+}
+
+#[unstable(feature = "proc_macro_totokens", issue = "130977")]
+impl<T: ToTokens + ?Sized> ToTokens for Rc<T> {
+    fn to_tokens(&self, tokens: &mut TokenStream) {
+        (**self).to_tokens(tokens)
+    }
+}
+
+#[unstable(feature = "proc_macro_totokens", issue = "130977")]
+impl<T: ToTokens + ToOwned + ?Sized> ToTokens for Cow<'_, T> {
+    fn to_tokens(&self, tokens: &mut TokenStream) {
+        (**self).to_tokens(tokens)
+    }
+}
+
+#[unstable(feature = "proc_macro_totokens", issue = "130977")]
+impl<T: ToTokens> ToTokens for Option<T> {
+    fn to_tokens(&self, tokens: &mut TokenStream) {
+        if let Some(t) = self {
+            t.to_tokens(tokens);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[unstable(feature = "proc_macro_totokens", issue = "130977")]
+impl ToTokens for u8 {
+    fn to_tokens(&self, tokens: &mut TokenStream) {
+        Literal::u8_suffixed(*self).to_tokens(tokens)
+    }
+}
+
+#[unstable(feature = "proc_macro_totokens", issue = "130977")]
+impl ToTokens for u16 {
+    fn to_tokens(&self, tokens: &mut TokenStream) {
+        Literal::u16_suffixed(*self).to_tokens(tokens)
+    }
+}
+
+#[unstable(feature = "proc_macro_totokens", issue = "130977")]
+impl ToTokens for u32 {
+    fn to_tokens(&self, tokens: &mut TokenStream) {
+        Literal::u32_suffixed(*self).to_tokens(tokens)
+    }
+}
+
+#[unstable(feature = "proc_macro_totokens", issue = "130977")]
+impl ToTokens for u64 {
+    fn to_tokens(&self, tokens: &mut TokenStream) {
+        Literal::u64_suffixed(*self).to_tokens(tokens)
+    }
+}
+
+#[unstable(feature = "proc_macro_totokens", issue = "130977")]
+impl ToTokens for u128 {
+    fn to_tokens(&self, tokens: &mut TokenStream) {
+        Literal::u128_suffixed(*self).to_tokens(tokens)
+    }
+}
+
+#[unstable(feature = "proc_macro_totokens", issue = "130977")]
+impl ToTokens for i8 {
+    fn to_tokens(&self, tokens: &mut TokenStream) {
+        Literal::i8_suffixed(*self).to_tokens(tokens)
+    }
+}
+
+#[unstable(feature = "proc_macro_totokens", issue = "130977")]
+impl ToTokens for i16 {
+    fn to_tokens(&self, tokens: &mut TokenStream) {
+        Literal::i16_suffixed(*self).to_tokens(tokens)
+    }
+}
+
+#[unstable(feature = "proc_macro_totokens", issue = "130977")]
+impl ToTokens for i32 {
+    fn to_tokens(&self, tokens: &mut TokenStream) {
+        Literal::i32_suffixed(*self).to_tokens(tokens)
+    }
+}
+
+#[unstable(feature = "proc_macro_totokens", issue = "130977")]
+impl ToTokens for i64 {
+    fn to_tokens(&self, tokens: &mut TokenStream) {
+        Literal::i64_suffixed(*self).to_tokens(tokens)
+    }
+}
+
+#[unstable(feature = "proc_macro_totokens", issue = "130977")]
+impl ToTokens for i128 {
+    fn to_tokens(&self, tokens: &mut TokenStream) {
+        Literal::i128_suffixed(*self).to_tokens(tokens)
+    }
+}
+
+#[unstable(feature = "proc_macro_totokens", issue = "130977")]
+impl ToTokens for f32 {
+    fn to_tokens(&self, tokens: &mut TokenStream) {
+        Literal::f32_suffixed(*self).to_tokens(tokens)
+    }
+}
+
+#[unstable(feature = "proc_macro_totokens", issue = "130977")]
+impl ToTokens for f64 {
+    fn to_tokens(&self, tokens: &mut TokenStream) {
+        Literal::f64_suffixed(*self).to_tokens(tokens)
+    }
+}
+
+#[unstable(feature = "proc_macro_totokens", issue = "130977")]
+impl ToTokens for usize {
+    fn to_tokens(&self, tokens: &mut TokenStream) {
+        Literal::usize_suffixed(*self).to_tokens(tokens)
+    }
+}
+
+#[unstable(feature = "proc_macro_totokens", issue = "130977")]
+impl ToTokens for isize {
+    fn to_tokens(&self, tokens: &mut TokenStream) {
+        Literal::isize_suffixed(*self).to_tokens(tokens)
+    }
+}
+
+#[unstable(feature = "proc_macro_totokens", issue = "130977")]
+impl ToTokens for bool {
+    fn to_tokens(&self, tokens: &mut TokenStream) {
+        let word = if *self { "true" } else { "false" };
+        Ident::new(word, Span::call_site()).to_tokens(tokens)
+    }
+}
+
+#[unstable(feature = "proc_macro_totokens", issue = "130977")]
+impl ToTokens for char {
+    fn to_tokens(&self, tokens: &mut TokenStream) {
+        Literal::character(*self).to_tokens(tokens)
+    }
+}
+
+#[unstable(feature = "proc_macro_totokens", issue = "130977")]
+impl ToTokens for str {
+    fn to_tokens(&self, tokens: &mut TokenStream) {
+        Literal::string(self).to_tokens(tokens)
+    }
+}
+
+#[unstable(feature = "proc_macro_totokens", issue = "130977")]
+impl ToTokens for String {
+    fn to_tokens(&self, tokens: &mut TokenStream) {
+        Literal::string(self).to_tokens(tokens)
+    }
+}
+
+#[unstable(feature = "proc_macro_totokens", issue = "130977")]
+impl ToTokens for CStr {
+    fn to_tokens(&self, tokens: &mut TokenStream) {
+        Literal::c_string(self).to_tokens(tokens)
+    }
+}
+
+#[unstable(feature = "proc_macro_totokens", issue = "130977")]
+impl ToTokens for CString {
+    fn to_tokens(&self, tokens: &mut TokenStream) {
+        Literal::c_string(self).to_tokens(tokens)
+    }
+}