Add #[must_use] to string/char transformation methods

These methods could be misconstrued as modifying their arguments instead
of returning new values.

Where possible I made the note recommend a method that does mutate in
place.

library/alloc/src/slice.rs

@@ -662,6 +662,8 @@ impl [u8] {
     ///
     /// [`make_ascii_uppercase`]: slice::make_ascii_uppercase
     #[cfg(not(no_global_oom_handling))]
+    #[must_use = "this returns the uppercase bytes as a new Vec, \
+                  without modifying the original"]
     #[stable(feature = "ascii_methods_on_intrinsics", since = "1.23.0")]
     #[inline]
     pub fn to_ascii_uppercase(&self) -> Vec<u8> {
@@ -680,6 +682,8 @@ pub fn to_ascii_uppercase(&self) -> Vec<u8> {
     ///
     /// [`make_ascii_lowercase`]: slice::make_ascii_lowercase
     #[cfg(not(no_global_oom_handling))]
+    #[must_use = "this returns the lowercase bytes as a new Vec, \
+                  without modifying the original"]
     #[stable(feature = "ascii_methods_on_intrinsics", since = "1.23.0")]
     #[inline]
     pub fn to_ascii_lowercase(&self) -> Vec<u8> {

library/alloc/src/str.rs

@@ -367,6 +367,8 @@ pub fn replacen<'a, P: Pattern<'a>>(&'a self, pat: P, to: &str, count: usize) ->
     /// assert_eq!(new_year, new_year.to_lowercase());
     /// ```
     #[cfg(not(no_global_oom_handling))]
+    #[must_use = "this returns the lowercase string as a new String, \
+                  without modifying the original"]
     #[stable(feature = "unicode_case_mapping", since = "1.2.0")]
     pub fn to_lowercase(&self) -> String {
         let mut s = String::with_capacity(self.len());
@@ -447,6 +449,8 @@ fn case_ignoreable_then_cased<I: Iterator<Item = char>>(iter: I) -> bool {
     /// assert_eq!("TSCHÜSS", s.to_uppercase());
     /// ```
     #[cfg(not(no_global_oom_handling))]
+    #[must_use = "this returns the uppercase string as a new String, \
+                  without modifying the original"]
     #[stable(feature = "unicode_case_mapping", since = "1.2.0")]
     pub fn to_uppercase(&self) -> String {
         let mut s = String::with_capacity(self.len());
@@ -534,6 +538,7 @@ pub fn repeat(&self, n: usize) -> String {
     /// [`make_ascii_uppercase`]: str::make_ascii_uppercase
     /// [`to_uppercase`]: #method.to_uppercase
     #[cfg(not(no_global_oom_handling))]
+    #[must_use = "to uppercase the value in-place, use `make_ascii_lowercase()`"]
     #[stable(feature = "ascii_methods_on_intrinsics", since = "1.23.0")]
     #[inline]
     pub fn to_ascii_uppercase(&self) -> String {
@@ -565,6 +570,7 @@ pub fn to_ascii_uppercase(&self) -> String {
     /// [`make_ascii_lowercase`]: str::make_ascii_lowercase
     /// [`to_lowercase`]: #method.to_lowercase
     #[cfg(not(no_global_oom_handling))]
+    #[must_use = "to lowercase the value in-place, use `make_ascii_lowercase()`"]
     #[stable(feature = "ascii_methods_on_intrinsics", since = "1.23.0")]
     #[inline]
     pub fn to_ascii_lowercase(&self) -> String {

library/core/src/char/methods.rs

@@ -949,6 +949,8 @@ pub fn is_numeric(self) -> bool {
     /// // convert into themselves.
     /// assert_eq!('山'.to_lowercase().to_string(), "山");
     /// ```
+    #[must_use = "this returns the lowercase character as a new iterator, \
+                  without modifying the original"]
     #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
     #[inline]
     pub fn to_lowercase(self) -> ToLowercase {
@@ -1039,6 +1041,8 @@ pub fn to_lowercase(self) -> ToLowercase {
     /// ```
     ///
     /// holds across languages.
+    #[must_use = "this returns the uppercase character as a new iterator, \
+                  without modifying the original"]
     #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
     #[inline]
     pub fn to_uppercase(self) -> ToUppercase {
@@ -1085,6 +1089,7 @@ pub const fn is_ascii(&self) -> bool {
     ///
     /// [`make_ascii_uppercase()`]: #method.make_ascii_uppercase
     /// [`to_uppercase()`]: #method.to_uppercase
+    #[must_use = "to uppercase the value in-place, use `make_ascii_uppercase()`"]
     #[stable(feature = "ascii_methods_on_intrinsics", since = "1.23.0")]
     #[rustc_const_stable(feature = "const_ascii_methods_on_intrinsics", since = "1.52.0")]
     #[inline]
@@ -1118,6 +1123,7 @@ pub const fn to_ascii_uppercase(&self) -> char {
     ///
     /// [`make_ascii_lowercase()`]: #method.make_ascii_lowercase
     /// [`to_lowercase()`]: #method.to_lowercase
+    #[must_use = "to lowercase the value in-place, use `make_ascii_lowercase()`"]
     #[stable(feature = "ascii_methods_on_intrinsics", since = "1.23.0")]
     #[rustc_const_stable(feature = "const_ascii_methods_on_intrinsics", since = "1.52.0")]
     #[inline]

library/core/src/num/mod.rs

@@ -282,6 +282,7 @@ pub const fn is_ascii(&self) -> bool {
     /// ```
     ///
     /// [`make_ascii_uppercase`]: Self::make_ascii_uppercase
+    #[must_use = "to uppercase the value in-place, use `make_ascii_lowercase()`"]
     #[stable(feature = "ascii_methods_on_intrinsics", since = "1.23.0")]
     #[rustc_const_stable(feature = "const_ascii_methods_on_intrinsics", since = "1.52.0")]
     #[inline]
@@ -306,6 +307,7 @@ pub const fn to_ascii_uppercase(&self) -> u8 {
     /// ```
     ///
     /// [`make_ascii_lowercase`]: Self::make_ascii_lowercase
+    #[must_use = "to lowercase the value in-place, use `make_ascii_lowercase()`"]
     #[stable(feature = "ascii_methods_on_intrinsics", since = "1.23.0")]
     #[rustc_const_stable(feature = "const_ascii_methods_on_intrinsics", since = "1.52.0")]
     #[inline]
@@ -769,6 +771,8 @@ pub const fn is_ascii_control(&self) -> bool {
     /// assert_eq!("\\\\", b'\\'.escape_ascii().to_string());
     /// assert_eq!("\\x9d", b'\x9d'.escape_ascii().to_string());
     /// ```
+    #[must_use = "this returns the escaped byte as an iterator, \
+                  without modifying the original"]
     #[unstable(feature = "inherent_ascii_escape", issue = "77174")]
     #[inline]
     pub fn escape_ascii(&self) -> ascii::EscapeDefault {

library/core/src/slice/ascii.rs

@@ -72,6 +72,8 @@ pub fn make_ascii_lowercase(&mut self) {
     /// let escaped = s.escape_ascii().to_string();
     /// assert_eq!(escaped, "0\\t\\r\\n\\'\\\"\\\\\\x9d");
     /// ```
+    #[must_use = "this returns the escaped bytes as an iterator, \
+                  without modifying the original"]
     #[unstable(feature = "inherent_ascii_escape", issue = "77174")]
     pub fn escape_ascii(&self) -> EscapeAscii<'_> {
         EscapeAscii { inner: self.iter().flat_map(EscapeByte) }

library/core/src/str/mod.rs

@@ -798,6 +798,8 @@ pub fn bytes(&self) -> Bytes<'_> {
     ///
     /// assert_eq!(None, iter.next());
     /// ```
+    #[must_use = "this returns the split string as an iterator, \
+                  without modifying the original"]
     #[stable(feature = "split_whitespace", since = "1.1.0")]
     #[inline]
     pub fn split_whitespace(&self) -> SplitWhitespace<'_> {
@@ -839,6 +841,8 @@ pub fn split_whitespace(&self) -> SplitWhitespace<'_> {
     ///
     /// assert_eq!(None, iter.next());
     /// ```
+    #[must_use = "this returns the split string as an iterator, \
+                  without modifying the original"]
     #[stable(feature = "split_ascii_whitespace", since = "1.34.0")]
     #[inline]
     pub fn split_ascii_whitespace(&self) -> SplitAsciiWhitespace<'_> {
@@ -914,6 +918,8 @@ pub fn lines_any(&self) -> LinesAny<'_> {
     ///
     /// assert!(utf16_len <= utf8_len);
     /// ```
+    #[must_use = "this returns the encoded string as an iterator, \
+                  without modifying the original"]
     #[stable(feature = "encode_utf16", since = "1.8.0")]
     pub fn encode_utf16(&self) -> EncodeUtf16<'_> {
         EncodeUtf16 { chars: self.chars(), extra: 0 }
@@ -1840,6 +1846,8 @@ pub fn trim_end(&self) -> &str {
     /// let s = "  עברית";
     /// assert!(Some('ע') == s.trim_left().chars().next());
     /// ```
+    #[must_use = "this returns the trimmed string as a new slice, \
+                  without modifying the original"]
     #[inline]
     #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
     #[rustc_deprecated(
@@ -1882,6 +1890,8 @@ pub fn trim_left(&self) -> &str {
     /// let s = "עברית  ";
     /// assert!(Some('ת') == s.trim_right().chars().rev().next());
     /// ```
+    #[must_use = "this returns the trimmed string as a new slice, \
+                  without modifying the original"]
     #[inline]
     #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
     #[rustc_deprecated(
@@ -2346,6 +2356,8 @@ pub fn make_ascii_lowercase(&mut self) {
     /// ```
     /// assert_eq!("❤\n!".escape_debug().to_string(), "❤\\n!");
     /// ```
+    #[must_use = "this returns the escaped string as an iterator, \
+                  without modifying the original"]
     #[stable(feature = "str_escape", since = "1.34.0")]
     pub fn escape_debug(&self) -> EscapeDebug<'_> {
         let mut chars = self.chars();
@@ -2390,6 +2402,8 @@ pub fn escape_debug(&self) -> EscapeDebug<'_> {
     /// ```
     /// assert_eq!("❤\n!".escape_default().to_string(), "\\u{2764}\\n!");
     /// ```
+    #[must_use = "this returns the escaped string as an iterator, \
+                  without modifying the original"]
     #[stable(feature = "str_escape", since = "1.34.0")]
     pub fn escape_default(&self) -> EscapeDefault<'_> {
         EscapeDefault { inner: self.chars().flat_map(CharEscapeDefault) }
@@ -2426,6 +2440,8 @@ pub fn escape_default(&self) -> EscapeDefault<'_> {
     /// ```
     /// assert_eq!("❤\n!".escape_unicode().to_string(), "\\u{2764}\\u{a}\\u{21}");
     /// ```
+    #[must_use = "this returns the escaped string as an iterator, \
+                  without modifying the original"]
     #[stable(feature = "str_escape", since = "1.34.0")]
     pub fn escape_unicode(&self) -> EscapeUnicode<'_> {
         EscapeUnicode { inner: self.chars().flat_map(CharEscapeUnicode) }

library/std/src/ffi/os_str.rs

@@ -777,6 +777,7 @@ pub fn make_ascii_uppercase(&mut self) {
     ///
     /// assert_eq!("grüße, jürgen ❤", s.to_ascii_lowercase());
     /// ```
+    #[must_use = "to lowercase the value in-place, use `make_ascii_lowercase`"]
     #[stable(feature = "osstring_ascii", since = "1.53.0")]
     pub fn to_ascii_lowercase(&self) -> OsString {
         OsString::from_inner(self.inner.to_ascii_lowercase())
@@ -798,6 +799,7 @@ pub fn to_ascii_lowercase(&self) -> OsString {
     ///
     /// assert_eq!("GRüßE, JüRGEN ❤", s.to_ascii_uppercase());
     /// ```
+    #[must_use = "to uppercase the value in-place, use `make_ascii_uppercase`"]
     #[stable(feature = "osstring_ascii", since = "1.53.0")]
     pub fn to_ascii_uppercase(&self) -> OsString {
         OsString::from_inner(self.inner.to_ascii_uppercase())