coverage: Add CoverageKind::SpanMarker for including extra spans in MIR

There are cases where coverage instrumentation wants to show a span for some
syntax element, but there is no MIR node that naturally carries that span, so
the instrumentor can't see it.

MIR building can now use this new kind of coverage statement to deliberately
include those spans in MIR, attached to a dummy statement that has no other
effect.

compiler/rustc_codegen_llvm/src/coverageinfo/mod.rs

@@ -100,6 +100,9 @@ fn add_coverage(&mut self, instance: Instance<'tcx>, coverage: &Coverage) {
 
         let Coverage { kind } = coverage;
         match *kind {
+            // Span markers are only meaningful during MIR instrumentation,
+            // and have no effect during codegen.
+            CoverageKind::SpanMarker => {}
             CoverageKind::CounterIncrement { id } => {
                 func_coverage.mark_counter_id_seen(id);
                 // We need to explicitly drop the `RefMut` before calling into `instrprof_increment`,

compiler/rustc_middle/src/mir/coverage.rs

@@ -76,6 +76,13 @@ fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
 
 #[derive(Clone, PartialEq, TyEncodable, TyDecodable, Hash, HashStable, TypeFoldable, TypeVisitable)]
 pub enum CoverageKind {
+    /// Marks a span that might otherwise not be represented in MIR, so that
+    /// coverage instrumentation can associate it with its enclosing block/BCB.
+    ///
+    /// Only used by the `InstrumentCoverage` pass, and has no effect during
+    /// codegen.
+    SpanMarker,
+
     /// Marks the point in MIR control flow represented by a coverage counter.
     ///
     /// This is eventually lowered to `llvm.instrprof.increment` in LLVM IR.
@@ -99,6 +106,7 @@ impl Debug for CoverageKind {
     fn fmt(&self, fmt: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
         use CoverageKind::*;
         match self {
+            SpanMarker => write!(fmt, "SpanMarker"),
             CounterIncrement { id } => write!(fmt, "CounterIncrement({:?})", id.index()),
             ExpressionUsed { id } => write!(fmt, "ExpressionUsed({:?})", id.index()),
         }

compiler/rustc_mir_build/src/build/cfg.rs

@@ -101,6 +101,19 @@ pub(crate) fn push_place_mention(
         self.push(block, stmt);
     }
 
+    /// Adds a dummy statement whose only role is to associate a span with its
+    /// enclosing block for the purposes of coverage instrumentation.
+    ///
+    /// This results in more accurate coverage reports for certain kinds of
+    /// syntax (e.g. `continue` or `if !`) that would otherwise not appear in MIR.
+    pub(crate) fn push_coverage_span_marker(&mut self, block: BasicBlock, source_info: SourceInfo) {
+        let kind = StatementKind::Coverage(Box::new(Coverage {
+            kind: coverage::CoverageKind::SpanMarker,
+        }));
+        let stmt = Statement { source_info, kind };
+        self.push(block, stmt);
+    }
+
     pub(crate) fn terminate(
         &mut self,
         block: BasicBlock,

compiler/rustc_mir_transform/src/coverage/spans/from_mir.rs

@@ -92,13 +92,13 @@ fn is_closure(statement: &Statement<'_>) -> bool {
 /// If the MIR `Statement` has a span contributive to computing coverage spans,
 /// return it; otherwise return `None`.
 fn filtered_statement_span(statement: &Statement<'_>) -> Option<Span> {
+    use mir::coverage::CoverageKind;
+
     match statement.kind {
         // These statements have spans that are often outside the scope of the executed source code
         // for their parent `BasicBlock`.
         StatementKind::StorageLive(_)
         | StatementKind::StorageDead(_)
-        // Coverage should not be encountered, but don't inject coverage coverage
-        | StatementKind::Coverage(_)
         // Ignore `ConstEvalCounter`s
         | StatementKind::ConstEvalCounter
         // Ignore `Nop`s
@@ -122,9 +122,13 @@ fn filtered_statement_span(statement: &Statement<'_>) -> Option<Span> {
         // If and when the Issue is resolved, remove this special case match pattern:
         StatementKind::FakeRead(box (FakeReadCause::ForGuardBinding, _)) => None,
 
-        // Retain spans from all other statements
+        // Retain spans from most other statements.
         StatementKind::FakeRead(box (_, _)) // Not including `ForGuardBinding`
         | StatementKind::Intrinsic(..)
+        | StatementKind::Coverage(box mir::Coverage {
+            // The purpose of `SpanMarker` is to be matched and accepted here.
+            kind: CoverageKind::SpanMarker
+        })
         | StatementKind::Assign(_)
         | StatementKind::SetDiscriminant { .. }
         | StatementKind::Deinit(..)
@@ -133,6 +137,11 @@ fn filtered_statement_span(statement: &Statement<'_>) -> Option<Span> {
         | StatementKind::AscribeUserType(_, _) => {
             Some(statement.source_info.span)
         }
+
+        StatementKind::Coverage(box mir::Coverage {
+            // These coverage statements should not exist prior to coverage instrumentation.
+            kind: CoverageKind::CounterIncrement { .. } | CoverageKind::ExpressionUsed { .. }
+        }) => bug!("Unexpected coverage statement found during coverage instrumentation: {statement:?}"),
     }
 }