alloc: add ToString specialization for &&str

Fixes #128690

library/alloc/src/string.rs

@@ -2643,15 +2643,42 @@ fn to_string(&self) -> String {
     }
 }
 
+// Generic/generated code can sometimes have multiple, nested references
+// for strings, including `&&&str`s that would never be written
+// by hand. This macro generates twelve layers of nested `&`-impl
+// for primitive strings.
+macro_rules! to_string_str {
+    {type ; x $($x:ident)*} => {
+        &to_string_str! { type ; $($x)* }
+    };
+    {type ;} => { str };
+    {impl ; x $($x:ident)*} => {
+        to_string_str! { $($x)* }
+    };
+    {impl ;} => { };
+    {$self:expr ; x $($x:ident)*} => {
+        *(to_string_str! { $self ; $($x)* })
+    };
+    {$self:expr ;} => { $self };
+    {$($x:ident)*} => {
         #[doc(hidden)]
         #[cfg(not(no_global_oom_handling))]
         #[stable(feature = "str_to_string_specialization", since = "1.9.0")]
-impl ToString for str {
+        impl ToString for to_string_str!(type ; $($x)*) {
             #[inline]
             fn to_string(&self) -> String {
-        String::from(self)
+                String::from(to_string_str!(self ; $($x)*))
             }
         }
+        to_string_str! { impl ; $($x)* }
+    };
+}
+
+to_string_str! {
+    x x x x
+    x x x x
+    x x x x
+}
 
 #[doc(hidden)]
 #[cfg(not(no_global_oom_handling))]

tests/codegen/issues/str-to-string-128690.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+//@ compile-flags: -C opt-level=3 -Z merge-functions=disabled
+#![crate_type = "lib"]
+
+//! Make sure str::to_string is specialized not to use fmt machinery.
+
+// CHECK-LABEL: define {{(dso_local )?}}void @one_ref
+#[no_mangle]
+pub fn one_ref(input: &str) -> String {
+    // CHECK-NOT: {{(call|invoke).*}}fmt
+    input.to_string()
+}
+
+// CHECK-LABEL: define {{(dso_local )?}}void @two_ref
+#[no_mangle]
+pub fn two_ref(input: &&str) -> String {
+    // CHECK-NOT: {{(call|invoke).*}}fmt
+    input.to_string()
+}
+
+// CHECK-LABEL: define {{(dso_local )?}}void @thirteen_ref
+#[no_mangle]
+pub fn thirteen_ref(input: &&&&&&&&&&&&&str) -> String {
+    // CHECK-NOT: {{(call|invoke).*}}fmt
+    input.to_string()
+}
+
+// This is a known performance cliff because of the macro-generated
+// specialized impl. If this test suddenly starts failing,
+// consider removing the `to_string_str!` macro in `alloc/str/string.rs`.
+//
+// CHECK-LABEL: define {{(dso_local )?}}void @fourteen_ref
+#[no_mangle]
+pub fn fourteen_ref(input: &&&&&&&&&&&&&&str) -> String {
+    // CHECK: {{(call|invoke).*}}fmt
+    input.to_string()
+}