Fix ICE caused by missing span in a region error

compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/error_reporting/infer/region.rs

@@ -625,11 +625,19 @@ pub(super) fn report_placeholder_failure(
                 if let ObligationCauseCode::WhereClause(_, span)
                 | ObligationCauseCode::WhereClauseInExpr(_, span, ..) =
                     &trace.cause.code().peel_derives()
-                    && !span.is_dummy()
                 {
                     let span = *span;
-                    self.report_concrete_failure(generic_param_scope, placeholder_origin, sub, sup)
+                    let mut err = self.report_concrete_failure(
-                        .with_span_note(span, "the lifetime requirement is introduced here")
+                        generic_param_scope,
+                        placeholder_origin,
+                        sub,
+                        sup,
+                    );
+                    if !span.is_dummy() {
+                        err =
+                            err.with_span_note(span, "the lifetime requirement is introduced here");
+                    }
+                    err
                 } else {
                     unreachable!(
                         "control flow ensures we have a `BindingObligation` or `WhereClauseInExpr` here..."

tests/ui/wf/ice-wf-missing-span-in-error-130012.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+// Regression test for ICE #130012
+// Checks that we do not ICE while reporting
+// lifetime mistmatch error
+
+trait Fun {
+    type Assoc;
+}
+
+trait MyTrait: for<'a> Fun<Assoc = &'a ()> {}
+//~^ ERROR binding for associated type `Assoc` references lifetime `'a`, which does not appear in the trait input types
+//~| ERROR binding for associated type `Assoc` references lifetime `'a`, which does not appear in the trait input types
+//~| ERROR binding for associated type `Assoc` references lifetime `'a`, which does not appear in the trait input types
+
+impl<F: for<'b> Fun<Assoc = &'b ()>> MyTrait for F {}
+//~^ ERROR binding for associated type `Assoc` references lifetime `'b`, which does not appear in the trait input types
+//~| ERROR mismatched types
+
+fn main() {}

tests/ui/wf/ice-wf-missing-span-in-error-130012.stderr

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+error[E0582]: binding for associated type `Assoc` references lifetime `'a`, which does not appear in the trait input types
+  --> $DIR/ice-wf-missing-span-in-error-130012.rs:9:28
+   |
+LL | trait MyTrait: for<'a> Fun<Assoc = &'a ()> {}
+   |                            ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+error[E0582]: binding for associated type `Assoc` references lifetime `'a`, which does not appear in the trait input types
+  --> $DIR/ice-wf-missing-span-in-error-130012.rs:9:28
+   |
+LL | trait MyTrait: for<'a> Fun<Assoc = &'a ()> {}
+   |                            ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+   |
+   = note: duplicate diagnostic emitted due to `-Z deduplicate-diagnostics=no`
+
+error[E0582]: binding for associated type `Assoc` references lifetime `'a`, which does not appear in the trait input types
+  --> $DIR/ice-wf-missing-span-in-error-130012.rs:9:28
+   |
+LL | trait MyTrait: for<'a> Fun<Assoc = &'a ()> {}
+   |                            ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+   |
+   = note: duplicate diagnostic emitted due to `-Z deduplicate-diagnostics=no`
+
+error[E0582]: binding for associated type `Assoc` references lifetime `'b`, which does not appear in the trait input types
+  --> $DIR/ice-wf-missing-span-in-error-130012.rs:14:21
+   |
+LL | impl<F: for<'b> Fun<Assoc = &'b ()>> MyTrait for F {}
+   |                     ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+error[E0308]: mismatched types
+  --> $DIR/ice-wf-missing-span-in-error-130012.rs:14:50
+   |
+LL | impl<F: for<'b> Fun<Assoc = &'b ()>> MyTrait for F {}
+   |                                                  ^ lifetime mismatch
+   |
+   = note: expected reference `&()`
+              found reference `&'b ()`
+
+error: aborting due to 5 previous errors
+
+Some errors have detailed explanations: E0308, E0582.
+For more information about an error, try `rustc --explain E0308`.