rust/src/librustc_mir/borrow_check/nll/mod.rs

// Copyright 2017 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
// except according to those terms.

use borrow_check::borrow_set::BorrowSet;
use borrow_check::location::{LocationIndex, LocationTable};
use borrow_check::nll::facts::AllFactsExt;
use borrow_check::nll::type_check::MirTypeckRegionConstraints;
use borrow_check::nll::region_infer::values::RegionValueElements;
use borrow_check::nll::liveness_map::{NllLivenessMap, LocalWithRegion};
use dataflow::indexes::BorrowIndex;
use dataflow::move_paths::MoveData;
use dataflow::FlowAtLocation;
use dataflow::MaybeInitializedPlaces;
use rustc::hir::def_id::DefId;
use rustc::infer::InferCtxt;
use rustc::mir::{ClosureOutlivesSubject, ClosureRegionRequirements, Mir};
use rustc::ty::{self, RegionKind, RegionVid};
use rustc::util::nodemap::FxHashMap;
use rustc_errors::Diagnostic;
use std::collections::BTreeSet;
use std::fmt::Debug;
use std::env;
use std::io;
use std::path::PathBuf;
use std::rc::Rc;
use std::str::FromStr;
use transform::MirSource;
use util::liveness::{LivenessResults, LiveVarSet};

use self::mir_util::PassWhere;
use polonius_engine::{Algorithm, Output};
use util as mir_util;
use util::pretty::{self, ALIGN};

mod constraint_generation;
pub mod explain_borrow;
mod facts;
mod invalidation;
crate mod region_infer;
mod renumber;
crate mod type_check;
mod universal_regions;
crate mod liveness_map;

mod constraints;

use self::facts::AllFacts;
use self::region_infer::RegionInferenceContext;
use self::universal_regions::UniversalRegions;

/// Rewrites the regions in the MIR to use NLL variables, also
/// scraping out the set of universal regions (e.g., region parameters)
/// declared on the function. That set will need to be given to
/// `compute_regions`.
pub(in borrow_check) fn replace_regions_in_mir<'cx, 'gcx, 'tcx>(
    infcx: &InferCtxt<'cx, 'gcx, 'tcx>,
    def_id: DefId,
    param_env: ty::ParamEnv<'tcx>,
    mir: &mut Mir<'tcx>,
) -> UniversalRegions<'tcx> {
    debug!("replace_regions_in_mir(def_id={:?})", def_id);

    // Compute named region information. This also renumbers the inputs/outputs.
    let universal_regions = UniversalRegions::new(infcx, def_id, param_env);

    // Replace all remaining regions with fresh inference variables.
    renumber::renumber_mir(infcx, mir);

    let source = MirSource::item(def_id);
    mir_util::dump_mir(infcx.tcx, None, "renumber", &0, source, mir, |_, _| Ok(()));

    universal_regions
}

/// Computes the (non-lexical) regions from the input MIR.
///
/// This may result in errors being reported.
pub(in borrow_check) fn compute_regions<'cx, 'gcx, 'tcx>(
    infcx: &InferCtxt<'cx, 'gcx, 'tcx>,
    def_id: DefId,
    universal_regions: UniversalRegions<'tcx>,
    mir: &Mir<'tcx>,
    location_table: &LocationTable,
    param_env: ty::ParamEnv<'gcx>,
    flow_inits: &mut FlowAtLocation<MaybeInitializedPlaces<'cx, 'gcx, 'tcx>>,
    move_data: &MoveData<'tcx>,
    borrow_set: &BorrowSet<'tcx>,
    errors_buffer: &mut Vec<Diagnostic>,
) -> (
    RegionInferenceContext<'tcx>,
    Option<Rc<Output<RegionVid, BorrowIndex, LocationIndex>>>,
    Option<ClosureRegionRequirements<'gcx>>,
) {
    let mut all_facts = if AllFacts::enabled(infcx.tcx) {
        Some(AllFacts::default())
    } else {
        None
    };

    let elements = &Rc::new(RegionValueElements::new(mir));

    // Run the MIR type-checker.
    let liveness_map = NllLivenessMap::compute(&mir);
    let liveness = LivenessResults::compute(mir, &liveness_map);
    let constraint_sets = type_check::type_check(
        infcx,
        param_env,
        mir,
        def_id,
        &universal_regions,
        location_table,
        borrow_set,
        &liveness,
        &mut all_facts,
        flow_inits,
        move_data,
        elements,
        errors_buffer,
    );

    if let Some(all_facts) = &mut all_facts {
        all_facts
            .universal_region
            .extend(universal_regions.universal_regions());
    }

    // Create the region inference context, taking ownership of the
    // region inference data that was contained in `infcx`, and the
    // base constraints generated by the type-check.
    let var_origins = infcx.take_region_var_origins();
    let MirTypeckRegionConstraints {
        mut liveness_constraints,
        outlives_constraints,
        type_tests,
    } = constraint_sets;

    constraint_generation::generate_constraints(
        infcx,
        &mut liveness_constraints,
        &mut all_facts,
        location_table,
        &mir,
        borrow_set,
    );

    let mut regioncx = RegionInferenceContext::new(
        var_origins,
        universal_regions,
        mir,
        outlives_constraints,
        type_tests,
        liveness_constraints,
        elements,
    );

    // Generate various additional constraints.
    invalidation::generate_invalidates(
        infcx,
        &mut all_facts,
        location_table,
        &mir,
        def_id,
        borrow_set,
    );

    // Dump facts if requested.
    let polonius_output = all_facts.and_then(|all_facts| {
        if infcx.tcx.sess.opts.debugging_opts.nll_facts {
            let def_path = infcx.tcx.hir.def_path(def_id);
            let dir_path =
                PathBuf::from("nll-facts").join(def_path.to_filename_friendly_no_crate());
            all_facts.write_to_dir(dir_path, location_table).unwrap();
        }

        if infcx.tcx.sess.opts.debugging_opts.polonius {
            let algorithm = env::var("POLONIUS_ALGORITHM")
                .unwrap_or(String::from("DatafrogOpt"));
            let algorithm = Algorithm::from_str(&algorithm).unwrap();
            debug!("compute_regions: using polonius algorithm {:?}", algorithm);
            Some(Rc::new(Output::compute(
                &all_facts,
                algorithm,
                false,
            )))
        } else {
            None
        }
    });

    // Solve the region constraints.
    let closure_region_requirements = regioncx.solve(infcx, &mir, def_id, errors_buffer);

    // Dump MIR results into a file, if that is enabled. This let us
    // write unit-tests, as well as helping with debugging.
    dump_mir_results(
        infcx,
        &liveness,
        MirSource::item(def_id),
        &mir,
        &regioncx,
        &closure_region_requirements,
    );

    // We also have a `#[rustc_nll]` annotation that causes us to dump
    // information
    dump_annotation(infcx, &mir, def_id, &regioncx, &closure_region_requirements, errors_buffer);

    (regioncx, polonius_output, closure_region_requirements)
}

fn dump_mir_results<'a, 'gcx, 'tcx>(
    infcx: &InferCtxt<'a, 'gcx, 'tcx>,
    liveness: &LivenessResults<LocalWithRegion>,
    source: MirSource,
    mir: &Mir<'tcx>,
    regioncx: &RegionInferenceContext,
    closure_region_requirements: &Option<ClosureRegionRequirements>,
) {
    if !mir_util::dump_enabled(infcx.tcx, "nll", source) {
        return;
    }

    let map = &NllLivenessMap::compute(mir);

    let regular_liveness_per_location: FxHashMap<_, _> = mir
        .basic_blocks()
        .indices()
        .flat_map(|bb| {
            let mut results = vec![];
            liveness
                .regular
                .simulate_block(&mir, bb, map, |location, local_set| {
                    results.push((location, local_set.clone()));
                });
            results
        })
        .collect();

    let drop_liveness_per_location: FxHashMap<_, _> = mir
        .basic_blocks()
        .indices()
        .flat_map(|bb| {
            let mut results = vec![];
            liveness
                .drop
                .simulate_block(&mir, bb, map, |location, local_set| {
                    results.push((location, local_set.clone()));
                });
            results
        })
        .collect();

    mir_util::dump_mir(
        infcx.tcx,
        None,
        "nll",
        &0,
        source,
        mir,
        |pass_where, out| {
            match pass_where {
                // Before the CFG, dump out the values for each region variable.
                PassWhere::BeforeCFG => {
                    regioncx.dump_mir(out)?;

                    if let Some(closure_region_requirements) = closure_region_requirements {
                        writeln!(out, "|")?;
                        writeln!(out, "| Free Region Constraints")?;
                        for_each_region_constraint(closure_region_requirements, &mut |msg| {
                            writeln!(out, "| {}", msg)
                        })?;
                    }
                }

                PassWhere::BeforeLocation(location) => {
                    let s = live_variable_set(
                        &regular_liveness_per_location[&location],
                        &drop_liveness_per_location[&location],
                    );
                    writeln!(
                        out,
                        "{:ALIGN$} | Live variables on entry to {:?}: {}",
                        "",
                        location,
                        s,
                        ALIGN = ALIGN
                    )?;
                }

                // After each basic block, dump out the values
                // that are live on exit from the basic block.
                PassWhere::AfterTerminator(bb) => {
                    let s = live_variable_set(&liveness.regular.outs[bb], &liveness.drop.outs[bb]);
                    writeln!(out, "    | Live variables on exit from {:?}: {}", bb, s)?;
                }

                PassWhere::BeforeBlock(_) | PassWhere::AfterLocation(_) | PassWhere::AfterCFG => {}
            }
            Ok(())
        },
    );

    // Also dump the inference graph constraints as a graphviz file.
    let _: io::Result<()> = do catch {
        let mut file =
            pretty::create_dump_file(infcx.tcx, "regioncx.all.dot", None, "nll", &0, source)?;
        regioncx.dump_graphviz_raw_constraints(&mut file)?;
    };

    // Also dump the inference graph constraints as a graphviz file.
    let _: io::Result<()> = do catch {
        let mut file =
            pretty::create_dump_file(infcx.tcx, "regioncx.scc.dot", None, "nll", &0, source)?;
        regioncx.dump_graphviz_scc_constraints(&mut file)?;
    };
}

fn dump_annotation<'a, 'gcx, 'tcx>(
    infcx: &InferCtxt<'a, 'gcx, 'tcx>,
    mir: &Mir<'tcx>,
    mir_def_id: DefId,
    regioncx: &RegionInferenceContext,
    closure_region_requirements: &Option<ClosureRegionRequirements>,
    errors_buffer: &mut Vec<Diagnostic>,
) {
    let tcx = infcx.tcx;
    let base_def_id = tcx.closure_base_def_id(mir_def_id);
    if !tcx.has_attr(base_def_id, "rustc_regions") {
        return;
    }

    // When the enclosing function is tagged with `#[rustc_regions]`,
    // we dump out various bits of state as warnings. This is useful
    // for verifying that the compiler is behaving as expected.  These
    // warnings focus on the closure region requirements -- for
    // viewing the intraprocedural state, the -Zdump-mir output is
    // better.

    if let Some(closure_region_requirements) = closure_region_requirements {
        let mut err = tcx
            .sess
            .diagnostic()
            .span_note_diag(mir.span, "External requirements");

        regioncx.annotate(&mut err);

        err.note(&format!(
            "number of external vids: {}",
            closure_region_requirements.num_external_vids
        ));

        // Dump the region constraints we are imposing *between* those
        // newly created variables.
        for_each_region_constraint(closure_region_requirements, &mut |msg| {
            err.note(msg);
            Ok(())
        }).unwrap();

        err.buffer(errors_buffer);
    } else {
        let mut err = tcx
            .sess
            .diagnostic()
            .span_note_diag(mir.span, "No external requirements");
        regioncx.annotate(&mut err);

        err.buffer(errors_buffer);
    }
}

fn for_each_region_constraint(
    closure_region_requirements: &ClosureRegionRequirements,
    with_msg: &mut dyn FnMut(&str) -> io::Result<()>,
) -> io::Result<()> {
    for req in &closure_region_requirements.outlives_requirements {
        let subject: &dyn Debug = match &req.subject {
            ClosureOutlivesSubject::Region(subject) => subject,
            ClosureOutlivesSubject::Ty(ty) => ty,
        };
        with_msg(&format!(
            "where {:?}: {:?}",
            subject, req.outlived_free_region,
        ))?;
    }
    Ok(())
}

/// Right now, we piggy back on the `ReVar` to store our NLL inference
/// regions. These are indexed with `RegionVid`. This method will
/// assert that the region is a `ReVar` and extract its internal index.
/// This is reasonable because in our MIR we replace all universal regions
/// with inference variables.
pub trait ToRegionVid {
    fn to_region_vid(self) -> RegionVid;
}

impl<'tcx> ToRegionVid for &'tcx RegionKind {
    fn to_region_vid(self) -> RegionVid {
        if let ty::ReVar(vid) = self {
            *vid
        } else {
            bug!("region is not an ReVar: {:?}", self)
        }
    }
}

impl ToRegionVid for RegionVid {
    fn to_region_vid(self) -> RegionVid {
        self
    }
}

fn live_variable_set(
    regular: &LiveVarSet<LocalWithRegion>,
    drops: &LiveVarSet<LocalWithRegion>
) -> String {
    // sort and deduplicate:
    let all_locals: BTreeSet<_> = regular.iter().chain(drops.iter()).collect();

    // construct a string with each local, including `(drop)` if it is
    // only dropped, versus a regular use.
    let mut string = String::new();
    for local in all_locals {
        string.push_str(&format!("{:?}", local));

        if !regular.contains(&local) {
            assert!(drops.contains(&local));
            string.push_str(" (drop)");
        }

        string.push_str(", ");
    }

    let len = if string.is_empty() {
        0
    } else {
        string.len() - 2
    };

    format!("[{}]", &string[..len])
}